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TheEffectofGuidedDiscoveryonTheLearningAchievementandLearningTransferofGrade5StudentsinPrimarySchoolsIIIAbstractTheEffectofGuidedDiscoveryonTheLearningAchievementAndLearningTransferofGrade5StudentsinPrimarySchools–TakingTheCourseof“TheArtofArchitectureDecorationinChang-Liao’sTemple”asExampleThisstudyisbasedon“TheartofarchitecturedecorationinChang-Liao’stemple.”Itspresentationandcontentcontainabundanttraditionalculturesandtransmissionsofnationalsentiment,belief,andthought.Ifweguideourstudentsintheobservationandexperience,theirtastewithhumanitiescanbeestablishedandthenthecultureidentitycanbesetup.Atthesametime,theirlovetothehometownmaybeexcited.Studentscanalsocomparethedecorationoftempleswiththearchitecturesintheirlifeandbroadentheirfieldofvision.Thesubjectconsistsofthreeparts:colorcombinations,adaptivesculpt,andsymmetricalforms.Pre-testandpost-testoftestgroupandcontrolgroupareadopted.Thedesignsarenonequivalentgroupdesignsbasedonclasses.136pupilsfromfourgradefiveclassesinHsi-tunPrimarySchoolareengagedinthestudy.Twooftheclassesareselectedrandomlytobethetestgroup,onwhichtheguideddiscoveryisapplied.Theothertwogroupsbecomethecomparisongroup,onwhichthetraditionalteachingisapplied.Bothtwogroupsparticipatethecourseof“TheartofarchitecturedecorationinChang-Liao’stemple”,whichiscompiledbytheresearcher.Inthestudy,wetaketheteachingmethod(guideddiscoveryortraditionalteaching)asindependentvariable,thelearningachievementandlearningtransferasthedependentvariables,andteachingunits,duration,teacher,teachingenvironment,students’IQ,theirachievementaswellasfamilybackgroundsascontrolledvariablestofindouttheeffectofguideddiscoveryonthelearningachievementandlearningtransferofthefifthgradestudentsinprimaryschools.Herearetheconclusions:1.Guideddiscoveryenhancesthestudents’abilityoncolorcombinations.2.Guideddiscoveryenhancesthestudents’abilityonadaptivesculpt.3.Guideddiscoveryenhancesthestudents’abilityonsymmetricalforms.4.Intheaspectofcolorcombinations,guideddiscoveryhasbetterpositivetransfersIIIthantraditionalteachingforthestudentswithhighachievement;butforthestudentswithlowachievement,traditionalteachingisbetter.5.Intheaspectofadaptivesculpt,thepositivetransfersonthegroupswithbothhighandlowachievementgeneratedbyguideddiscoveryareworsethantraditionalteaching.6.Intheaspectofsymmetricalforms,guideddiscoveryhasbetterpositivetransfersthantraditionalteachingforthestudentswithhighachievement;butforthestudentswithlowachievement,traditionalteachingisbetter.Keywords:guideddiscovery,learningachievement,learningtransfer,positivetransfer,TheartofarchitecturedecorationinChang-Liao’stemple,colorcombinations,adaptivesculpt,symmetricalformsIVVVI155158159164165166167169170VII171172173PR175PR179183184185186VIII3-3-5IXXXIXIIXIII5-8-325-8-335-8-345-8-355-8-361960J.S.Bruner12learningbydoinglearningbydiscovery3454-14-24-35-15-25-36-16-26-361234178910111213141516171819202122232425--Mayer(1975)26200280-SPSS-PC+27-28Mayer(1975)29303132333435363738-394041424344451′T1′X2′T2′X461′T1′X2′T2′X474849341.learningbydoinglearningbydiscovery50511-11-21-31-4---1-51-6522-12-22-32-4--2-5533-13-23-33-4--3-5541-11-21-31-4--1-51-6552-12-22-3-2-4-2-5563-13-23-33-4-3-5571.584-14-24-34-44-54-6596061~62633-3-5~642-451204204102656667686970z-z-z-2004200556789101112123456789101112717273747518864-1-176----------------------侧侧侧----77-------–781.12793452.123453.12808182838440444661.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.1.2.3.4.-5.-1.2.3.4.-5.-1.2.3.4.-5.-1.2.3.8540444661.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.3.1.2.1.2.3.-1.2.3.-1.2.3.-1.23.SPSSKendallKendallKendall87Kendall015-1-1885-1-1-.964235.334.000-.905220.857.000-.829202.207.000-.838204.356.000-.969236.392.000-.944230.247.000-.894218.222.000-.892217.694.000-.843205.800.000-.830202.575.000-.856208.823.000-.826201.474.000-.894218.105.000-.873213.010.000-.954232.831.000-.921224.668.000-.883215.348.000-.928226.311.000-.859209.592.000-.932227.425.000-.885215.892.000-.873213.054.000-.826201.604.000-.902220.181.000-.772188.286.000-.848206.980.000-.798194.671.000-.830202.424.000-.921224.669.000-.934227.796.00012289905-2-1[][][]SPSStt5-2-15-2-25-2-3[]5-2-1SPSS5-2-1.131.222-.139-.05t.5611.191-.869-.2885-2-1t1.592.3731.2985[]2.642.2421.2817.5611.591.9411.0831[]2.641.719.98351.1911.592.619.9393[]2.642.758.8357-.8691.591.966.9462[]2.642.016.9594-.288*p.05**p.01***p.001SPSS5-2-2.073.034-.359-.144t.506.252-2.628*-1.006[]tt915-2-2t1.592.034.8087[]2.641.961.7883.5061.591.737.6970[]2.641.703.7954.2521.591.407.6192[]2.641.766.8818-2.628*1.591.754.7844[]2.641.898.8027-1.006*p.05**p.01***p.001SPSS5-2-3-.319-.412t-1.742-2.030*t[]t5-2-3t1.592.5171.0084[]2.642.8361.0199-1.7421.592.7291.1384[]2.643.1411.1108-2.030**p.05**p.01***p.0019293SPSS5-3-1[]SPSStt5-3-15-3-25-3-3[][][]5-3-1SPSS5-3-1-.4766-.4688.2422-.3594t-2.296*-3.201**1.704-2.870**[]tt5-3-1t[]64-.47661.6605-2.296*[]64-.46881.1713-3.201**[]64.24221.13741.704[]64-.35941.0019-2.870***p.05**p.01***p.001SPSS5-3-2-.2109-.5000-.1953-.1328t-2.120*-3.953***-1.645-1.209[][][][]945-3-2t[]64-.2109.7958-2.120*[]64