获取竞争优势的人力资源管理之八

获取竞争优势的人力资源管理之八HumanResourceManagementGainingaCompetitiveAdvantageIndustrialRelationsandCollectiveBargaining劳动关系和集体谈判Explainthestructureandpurposeofindustrialrelations解释劳动关系的结构和目标Explainhowtoprepareforunioncontractnegotiationsanddiscussthestepintheactualbargainingsessions解释合同谈判的准备和实施过程DiscussthedevelopmentofthecollectivebargainingintheChinese‘senterprises讨论中国企业劳动协商制度的未来发展Explainhowtomanaginglayoff解释如何进行裁员管理1.IndustrialRelationsSystems劳动关系系统要素JohnDunlop:4factoroftheindustrialrelationssystems劳资关系四要素：1.1Environment环境1.2Participants参与者1.3Regulations规则1.4Cultureandawareness文化和意识形态2.LaborRelationsSystemModel劳动关系模型StrategyforgainingCompetitiveadvantageGoalsofunion,employersocietyUnionanditsOppositenegotiatorsStructureandManagementOfunionsinteractionofOrganization,Negotiation,managementGoalsactualizationunionEmployersociety3.StrategicGoalsofSociety,UnionandEmployers社会，工会和雇主的战略目标3.1Strategicgoalsofsociety社会目标(new-classicaleconomy):Economicefficiencyandsocialjusticeandstability经济的效益和社会公平与稳定。incomedifferentialsareessentialtoeconomicgrowththatcanencourageworkerstoworkharderandpromoteemployerstoofferhighwagesrelativetotheirlesssuccessfulcompetitors.收入的差距是经济增长的动力基础Economicgrowthispositivelyrelatedtoequalityandsocialcohesion.Arelativelyequaldistributionofincomesreducesdirepovertyandsocialinstability.经济增长和社会公平和凝聚力有正相关。3.2strategicgoalsofunionsandemployees工会和雇员的战略目标asemployees’representatives,unionshavetwosetsofaims:(1)Unionsecurity(2)employees’seconomicandpoliticsecurity(1)Unionssecurity工会保障Inthewestcountriesthereare5unionsecurity:closedshop（封闭式工厂）,unionshop（工会化工厂）,agencyshop（代理工厂）,openshop（开放式工厂）,maintenanceofmembershiparrangement（成员资格保持）.InChina,unionsalsoneedsecuritywhentheynegotiatecontractsforallemployees.(中国企业工会代表的保障问题）。(2)employees’economicandpoliticsecurity员工的经济和政治保障Conflictandnegotiation冲突和谈判Jobandoccupationsecurity工作和职业保障Welfaresystemplan雇员福利计划Speciallaborgroups特殊工人群体Compensationandmanagement薪资报酬和管理3.3strategicgoalsofEmployer雇主的战略目标Cooperatewithunions(与工会合作）Resistancetounions（抵制工会）A.makeunionseemunnecessarybyprovidingemployeesbetteremploymentandtreatment.B.refusetocooperatewithunionsrepresentativesthatchosenbyemployees.4.TherightoftheemployeesandemployersfromlaborlawofP.R.China劳动者和用人单位依法（劳动法）享有的权利劳动者的权利用人单位的权利劳动权依法录用，调动，辞退职工权民主管理权任免企业管理人员权休息权制定工资报酬福利方案权劳动报酬权依法分配安置职工权劳动保护权依法奖惩职工权职业培训权社会保险劳动争议提请处理权5.thestructureandfutureoftheunions工会结构和未来美国工会组织结构中华全国总工会结构NationalFederationAll-ChinaFederationofofUnionTradeUnionsNationalunionsNationalUnionsLocalunionorLocalunionsortradeunionstradeunions5.2Whatisnextforunion?西方工会的发展Increasinglygoingafterownershipandcontrolofthecompany,andthroughESOPoftheemployees,unionwinallorpartialcontroloftheboard工会更注重员工在所有权和公司控制权的地位，通过ESOP计划分享企业控制权。Union-managementcooperationandform”agreementteams”withemployers和雇主合作并签定更有合作性的协议EmploymentrateofEU11andUSA1996~200019951996199719981999Belgium9.99.79.49.59.1Denmark7.26.85.65.14.3Germany8.28.99.99.49.1Spain22.220.818.716.013.5France11.712.412.311.711.2Italy11.611.711.711.911.5Luxembourg2.93.02.82.82.8Netherlands6.96.35.24.03.3Portugal7.37.36.85.14.7Unitedkingdom8.78.27.96.97.0Unitedstates5.65.44.94.54.35.2workers’congresses中国职工代表大会Theworkers’congressesinchinaareabout360,000inlate1980.Theworkers’congressisthebasicformofdemocraticmanagementinenterprisesandtheorganforworkerstoexertsuchpower.Thepolicyofoperations,annualandlong-termplansandprograms,contractandwageandbonusdistribution,workers’conditionsandwarfare,appraisetheleadingadministrativemanagersandsoon.Thedecision-makingstructureofaChineseSOECPCACFTUEnterprisePartycommitteeWorkers’congressTradeUnioncommitteeFactorydirectorManagementteamWorkersstaff6.growingweboflawsandcourtrulingsforprotectionlaborrelations法律和法庭裁决网在劳动关系上的作用Theweboflawsandcourtrulingsprovidesthesortsofprotectionthatuptoafewyearsagoonlyunionscouldprovide.法律和法庭裁决网提供了对劳动关系的保护Theemployee’rightsregardingjobsecurity,privacy,occupationalsafety,andhealth,equalemploymentopportunitiespensionvesting,andpaypoliciesarenowprovidebylaw.对员工的保护，如员工的工作保障，职业安全公平就业机会，福利和社会保障都由法律予以规定7.laborrelationsconsultants劳动关系顾问的作用Bothmanagementandunionsnowbeingsupplementedbytrainedoutsideadvisors.管理和工会都请有经验的咨询人员协助谈判Publicrelationsfirms,lawfirms,researchers,psychologists,laborrelationsspecialists,publicrelationsfirms法律公司，咨询人员，心理学家，劳动关系专家，公共关系公司等Theconsultantsrantheshowfortheemployers72%ofthetimeintheUSA咨询人员在72%的情况下为管理方面服务。8.CollectiveBargaining集体谈判8.1Definitionofcollectivebargaining集体谈判定义：Theprocessthoughwhichrepresentativesofmanagementandtheunionarerequired,underlaw,tonegotiatewages,hours,andtermsandconditionsofemployment“ingoodfaith”根据法律要求，雇主和员工就工资，工时，以及雇佣条件和期限进行真诚的谈判过程。8.2WhatIs“GoodFaith”?什么是真诚Goodfaithbargaining什么是真诚谈判？goodfaithisthecornerstoneofeffectivelabor-managementrelations.Itmeansthatbothpartiescommunicatednegotiateandtheproposalsarematchedwithcounterproposals.Itmeansbothpartiesmakeeveryreasonableefforttoarriveatanagreement(notcompelled).真诚谈判是有效劳动关系的基础，意味着双方互相较量，作出合理的努力以达成一致（非强迫的）协议Whatisbargainingnotingoodfaith什么是不真诚谈判？Surfac