BS 7777-1-1993 低温用平底、立式、圆柱形储罐.罐储的设计、制造、安装和操作的一般规定指

BRITISHSTANDARDBS7777-1:1993Flat-bottomed,vertical,cylindricalstoragetanksforlowtemperatureservice—Part1:Guidetothegeneralprovisionsapplyingfordesign,construction,installationandoperationLicensedCopy:InstituteOfTechnologyTallaght,InstituteofTechnology,MonSep0410:11:22BST2006,UncontrolledCopy,(c)BSI©BSI12-1998ThefollowingBSIreferencesrelatetotheworkonthisstandard:CommitteereferencePVE/15Draftforcomment90/73016DCISBN0580211622CommitteesresponsibleforthisBritishStandardThepreparationofthisBritishStandardwasentrustedbythePressureVesselStandardsPolicyCommittee(PVE/-)toTechnicalCommitteePVE/15,uponwhichthefollowingbodieswererepresented:BritishChemicalEngineeringContractors’AssociationBritishCompressedGasesAssociationBritishGasplcConcreteSocietyEnergyIndustriesCouncilEngineeringEquipmentandMaterialsUsers’AssociationInstitutionofGasEngineersInstitutionofMechanicalEngineersProcessPlantAssociationThermalInsulationContractors’AssociationWeldingInstituteAmendmentsissuedsincepublicationAmd.No.DateCommentsLicensedCopy:InstituteOfTechnologyTallaght,InstituteofTechnology,MonSep0410:11:22BST2006,UncontrolledCopy,(c)BSI©BSI12-1998iContentsPageCommitteesresponsibleInsidefrontcoverForewordiii1Scope12References12.1Normativereferences12.2Informativereferences13Definitions13.1Typesofcontainment13.2Otherterms54Designconditions55Informationtobeexchangedbetweenthepurchaserandthecontractor65.1Informationtobesuppliedbythepurchaser65.2Optionaland/oralternativeinformationtobesuppliedbythepurchaser65.3Informationtobeagreedbetweenthepurchaserandcontractor66Storageconcepts66.1General66.2Criteriafortheselectionofstorageconcept77Loadingcasesanddesignconsiderations77.1General77.2Normalloadingcases77.3Abnormalloadingcases108Pressurerelief118.1General118.2Primaryinternalpositiveandinternalnegativepressurereliefsystemdesign118.3Locationofpressurereliefvalves118.4Constructionofpressurereliefvalves118.5Determinationofcapacityofpressurereliefsystems129Commissioninganddecommissioning129.1Commissioning129.2Decommissioning1310Inspectionandtankmonitoring1410.1General1410.2Equipment14AnnexA(informative)Guidanceonoperation15AnnexB(informative)Guidanceonamethodofseismicanalysisforrefrigeratedliquidgastanks19AnnexC(informative)Guidanceonsafetyandotheraspects20LicensedCopy:InstituteOfTechnologyTallaght,InstituteofTechnology,MonSep0410:11:22BST2006,UncontrolledCopy,(c)BSI©BSI12-1998PageFigure1—Examplesofsinglecontainmenttanks2Figure2—Examplesofdoublecontainmenttanks3Figure3—Examplesoffullcontainmenttanks4FigureA.1—Typicalexampleoflevelalarm15FigureA.2—Typicalexampleofcondensationindomeroofforbutanegas16FigureA.3—Arrangementofsensorsundertankbottom18FigureA.4—Typicalheatingtimerecordingcurve18FigureA.5—Flotationoftheinnertank19FigureC.1—Pilot-operatedpressurereliefvalve22FigureC.2—Deadweighttypepressurereliefvalve22FigureC.3—Pilot-operatedlow-pressurereliefvalve23FigureC.4—Deadweighttypeinternalnegativepressurereliefvalve24FigureC.5—Arrangementofpressurecontrolvalves(PCVs)toflare,andinternalpositivepressurereliefvalvestoatmosphere,internalnegativepressurereliefvalves,lockedblockvalvesandsparepositions25Table1—LoadingcasesassociatedwithtanktypesshowninFigure1toFigure38TableB.1—Componenttransientloadingcriteria20ListofreferencesInsidebackcoverLicensedCopy:InstituteOfTechnologyTallaght,InstituteofTechnology,MonSep0410:11:22BST2006,UncontrolledCopy,(c)BSI©BSI12-1998iiiForewordThisPartofBS7777hasbeenpreparedunderthedirectionofthePressureVesselsStandardsPolicyCommittee.Flat-bottomed,vertical,cylindrical,storagetanksforrefrigeratedliquefiedgaseshavetraditionallybeenofthesinglecontainmentdesignwheretheliquidiscontainedinasingleshellsurroundedbyaconventionallowbundwallataconsiderabledistance.Whereadoubleshellconstructionwasused,theoutershellwasmainlytheretocontaintheinsulation.ThesetankswerebuiltinaccordancewithtwoBritishStandards:BS4741:1971,Specificationforverticalcylindricalweldedsteelstoragetanksforlowtemperatureservice:singlewalltanksfortemperaturesdownto–50°C.BS5387:1976,Specificationforverticalcylindricalweldedstoragetanksforlow-temperatureservice:double-walltanksfortemperaturesdownto–196°C.Untilthe1970sitwasnormalpracticetostoreallrefrigeratedproductsinsinglecontainmenttanks.Sincethattimeithasincreasinglybecomethepracticefortheinnertankforhydrocarbonsorammoniatobesurroundedbyanoutertankorwall.Itisstillthepracticetostoreliquidoxygen,liquidnitrogenorliquidargoninsinglecontainmenttanks.Theoutertankorwallisintendedtopreventthereleaseoftheliquefiedproductsintothesurroundingareaincaseofleakagefromordamagetotheinnertank.Thisphilosophyresultsinincreasedsafetyforthesurroundingarea.Suchconstructionsareknownasdoublecontainmenttanksandfullcontainmenttanks.Dependingonthelowestservicetemperature,