2009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20092009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.2009InvestigationandStudyofBroilerBreeders′HealthandWelfareunderIntensiveProductionSystems*GENGAilian1,LIBaoming2**,ZHAOFurong3,CHENGang2(1.InstituteofAnimalHusbandryandVeterinaryMedicine,BeijingAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySciences,Beijing100097;2.KeyLaboratoryofAgriculturalEngineeringinStructureandEnvironment,MOA,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100083;3.CollegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology,HenanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Luoyang,Henan471003)Abstract:Broilerbreeders′healthandwelfarewereinvestigatedunderintensiveproductionsystemsinChina.Somelargescale,highlyintensivebroilerbreederfarmswithgooddemonstrationwerechosen,and7broilerbreederfarmswerefinallyinvestigatedandmeasuredbycombiningtheinternetsurveyandfieldmeasurementmethod.Theresultsshowedthattherearingenvironmentwasnotstableformostofintensivefarms,andthebirdswereeasytobeexposedtohotandcoldstress;thehigherstockingdensityresultedinlackofexerciseandcommunicationamongthebirds;thelesscontrolofenvironmentresultedinpotentialdangerofdiseaseincidence.Atthesametimeitshowedthatnomatterwhatkindsofrearing*1,2**,3,2(1.,100097;2.,100083;3.,471003)、,,,7,。:,;,,;,。,,、、、、。;;;;:2009-03-25*:**,E-mail:libm@cau.edu.cn10--2009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20092009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.2009,。,[1]。,,。,、、、。,[2]。,Webster[3]“”:、,,,。:[4],、、、,[1]。,[5],,、、、、,。,、、、、,。11.1。、、、、、;、、、、;、,,,、;、,。,,。,、、,E-mail3,,,()。1.210()。、,。7,70%,A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6A7。1.3,Dillman[6]。、、、,,。2~4d、,1、,。。,,12h,,。,;、;、、(NH3)、(CO2)(H2S)。7~9,3d。,modethefarmsadopted,therearingandmanagementpersonnel′sstability,technologicallevel,managementexperience,workingattitudewereimportantfactorsaffectingthebroilerbreeders′performance,healthandwelfare.Keywords:broilerbreeder;intensiverearing;health;welfare;investigation11--2009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20092009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20093.2、,、,、。、。3,2,2。:,,,,;,;,,。(),。,,(2)。1()*A155AA+A240308A3120AA+A4800A523,20AA+A610+、、A712+、AA+、308、:*。55,55,5.5,1∶10。[7],。,:①,85%;,,;②,;③、,。22.1。,“W”9[8],16∶00,3d。、、、、、、、,NH3、CO2H2S。、、、、、、、Kestrel3000PocketWeatherMeter(Nielsen-Kellerman,Boothwyn,PA,USA);NH3H2S(,NH3H2S2~50mg/m3),CO2Hand-HeldCarbonDioxideMeterGM70(Vaisala,USA)。2.2,。6,8∶00~12∶0020min,Noldus(TheObserverVideo-Pro)[8]。10min,。2.3,。33.1,,2,5。,,800;,40,,10。。5,2。,(“”),(“”),,,,,。,1∶10。,AA+、、308,(1)。12--2009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20092009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20093.42,、、,,。3.5,,NH3CO2。:,(4)。3.6,4A74.2288.39A63.6288.39A53.8318.75A43.6182.14—A31.5273.21—A24.5258.04NH3(mg/m3)CO2(mg/m3)A11.85447.773A7300012654,——A6200018.4654、,——A5700017.5654——A4300065.04604,、——A3300040~50694、——A2400011.08664,、,,——A1700020654,,,,,——()(kg/m2)()(kg)2A7,30000U201/2—A6,500~1000108/100—A5,1440,,2/——,,、A480.755.612/100+——A3,,200000201/2,,A2,1440,———,—A1,1440,151/10,(m2)(cm/)(/)3.3。A3A4。,60,69,65。4kg。,、、3,,。,[9]。,,(3)。13--2009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20092009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20093.8、、(6)。,、、,、。,、(A35%~10%,A10.3%),(A3A496%90%,A2A588%)。。,,。,1m,,、,,。,,,。,1∶10,,、,;,,。,,,。,,,,、,,,,。4。,,5A7—202100————A6—202100————A54~20—2462、、,———A4———10,15~20,50~60m——A31/6,1,6~10225550g,222500g,130~180m—A2156g,4——、,7——A14~254/3、5/2、6/1——、,1,17~18,40m—、、(g)、、、。,,、。3.7。。,4,6,,,A2,,A1、A3、A5(5)。,。,,,、,[4,10,14]。,7;、,3;17~181。,,,。,,,。14--2009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.20092009319ChinaPoultryVol.31,No.9.2009。,,:①,。、。,,,、。②,,。,,,,。③,。,,、,,。、,。,,,。,,,、、、、、。,。,,,,。:1.[M].:,2005,231.2ApplebyMC,HughesBO,ElsonHA.Poultryproductionsystems:behaviour,managementandwelfare[M].Wallingford:CABInternational,1992,238.3WebsterAJF.Meatandright,farmingasiftheanimalsmattered[J].CanadianVeterinaryJournal,1987,28:462-466.4SavoryCJ,MarosK,RutterSM.Assessmentofhungeringrowingbroilerbreedersinrelationtoacommercialrestrictedfeedingprogramme[J].AnimWelf,1993,2:131-152.5,,.、[J].,2007,29(4):57-63.6DillmanDA.Mailandinternetsurveys:thetailoreddesignmethod[M].2nded,NewYork:JohnWiley&Sons,Inc,2000.7BabbieE.SurveyResearchmethods[M].2nded.Belmont:WadsworthPublishing,1990.8,,,.[J].,2007,12(5):67-72.9HockingPM.Assessmentoftheeffectsofseparatesexfeed-ingonthewelfareandproductivityofbroilerbreederfemales[J].BritishPoultryScience,1990,31:457-463.10HockingPM.Assessmentofthewelfareoffoodrestrictedmalebroilerbreederpoultrywithmusculoskeletaldisease[J].ResVetSci,1994,57:28-34.11HockingPM.Welfareofbroilerbreeder[C].ProceedingsoftheWPSASpringMeeting,1999,24-25,18-23.12HockingPM,MaxwellMH,MitchellMA.Welfareassess-mentofbroilerbreederandlayerfemalessubjectedtofoodre-strictionandlimitedacesstowaterduringrearing[J].BrPoultSci,1993,34:443-458.13HockingPM,MaxwellMH,MitchellMA.Relationshipsbetweenthedegreeoffoodrestrictionandwelfareindicesinbroilerbreederfemales[J].BrPoultSci,1996,37:263-278.14SavoryCJ,MarosK.Influenceofdegreeoffoodrestriction,ageandtimeofdayonbehaviourofbroilerbreederchickens[J].BehavProc,1993,29:179-190.6A71——————120~17035010~202~10————A60.30.20.80.23032003509.52~10————A5000000.10982005.352.488~920.1—A4———————————90———A30.20.080.010.070.200.051242608.65~1096—99.80.2A2———————1