一种考虑摩擦与排斥的人员疏散元胞自动机模行

E2005,35(7):725~736725SCIENCEINCHINASer.EEngineering&MaterialsScience***(,230026),(),.3.,,.()3,,.,,,,.,,,.,,,.,,[1~5].,.,.,,.[6,7].,2003-10-11,2005-04-08*(:50323005)(:50320120156)**E-mail:[e-mail]&MaterialsScience(),,;,,[8~11].,,,.,,323,1.5m.,,.,.().[12~21][22~24],[8~11].,.,,.,,.Muramatsu[12,13],Tajima[14~16]Nagatani[17~19],,T.,T.,ChenSong[20],.,Helbing[21],,,.,,,.,,(),.,Helbing[11],[8,10],.[25]Helbing,,.,,.7:727[23,24],.(friction).,,.,.Kirchner,,.,().,,(),,.,,.11.1,,,.4,,1().4,,..1.2Helbing,.,.mii,0iv,0ie.,iv,it0iv.,,.fijfiw.t:00()d()()(),diiiiiiijiwijiWvvtetvtmmfftt≠-=++∑∑(1).,ij,.,,.,728E35SCIENCEINCHINASer.EEngineering&MaterialsScience1(a),(b).,,,,.,,,,.().2,,;,.,,:..2.1,,,.,(floorfield),;.,7:729:,;,;,,2.23(a)24,(b),(c)2(a)m(m2),Kirchner[24],[0,1]r∈.:1(1)/(1,2),iprmim=-=L(2)r1,1-r1,.2(b)2(c),Kirchner.2(a),2(b)(730E35SCIENCEINCHINASer.EEngineering&MaterialsScience):21,ipr=-(3)r2,1-r2.,2(c):1,iwpr=-(4)rw,1-rw.r,.2.3.,..,(),,33.33(a),(b),(c),f.3(a),11,ipf=-(5)f1,1-f1.7:731(b),21,ipf=-(6)f2,21f-.3(c),1,iwpf=-(7)wf,1wf-.,f.2.4rf(),,,,.,.,,,,1.,Sigmoid,1e,1eVVraa---=+(8),V,:2*Vv=;:;Vv=:.Vv=[0,]a∈∞,()..,,.,*,fVq=(9),V,:2*;Vv=:;Vv=:.Vv=[0,1]q∈,.,(8)(9),.3,:a=1()a=2()q=0.1()q=0.5();:15m15m,1m,0.8m,,200.,732E35SCIENCEINCHINASer.EEngineering&MaterialsScience..3.1,4.1m/s,,;3m/s,,,,;5m/s,,,,(),.4(a)v=1m/s,(b)v=3m/s,(c)v=5m/s3.2()()(),,(),5.,.,,:0.5m/s,463s;1.0m/s,262s;2.0m/s,172.05s.7:733:3.0m/s,165s;4m/s,194s;5.0m/s,228s.,,,;,,,.,.Helbing.5()3.3,,,,,.,,.67,.,,,,.-.,,,,-,.ΔT,N.,734E35SCIENCEINCHINASer.EEngineering&MaterialsScience3.76704(),fNT-∝Δ1.79855().bNT-∝Δ6ΔTf7ΔTb3.41,3(P4)(15m)(200).7:735(1170s)(18s)(20s)4,,.,3:,3.,,,.,,,,,.,,,,.,,,.1BihamO,MiddletonAA,LevineD.Self-organizationandadynamicaltransitionintraffic-flowmodels.PhysRevA,1992,46:6124~61272WangBH,WooYF,HuiPM.Improvedmean-fieldtheoryoftwo-dimensionaltrafficflowmodels.JPhysA-MathGen,1996,29:31~353ChungKH,HuiPM,GuGQ.2-Dimensionaltrafficflowproblemswithfaultytrafficlights.PhysRevE,1995,51:772~7744CuestaJA,MartinezFC,MoleraJM,etal.Phase-transitionsin2-dimensionaltraffic-flowmodels.PhysRevE,1993,48:4175~41785FruinJJ.Designingforpedestrians:alevel-of-service.In:HighwayResearchBoard.HighwayResearchRecord,Number355,WashingtonDD:Pedestrians,1971.1~156GrahamTL,RobertsDJ.Qualitativeoverviewofsomeimportantfactorsaffectingtheegressofpeopleinhotelfires.HospitalityManagement,2000,19:79~877LiveseyGE,TaylorIR,DoneganHA.AconsiderationofevacuationattributesandtheirFunctionalsensitivities.2ndInternationalSymposiumonHumanBehaviorinFire,2001.111~1218HelbingD,FarkasI,VicsekT.Simulatingdynamicalfeaturesofescapepanic.Nature,2000,407:487~490736E35SCIENCEINCHINASer.EEngineering&MaterialsScience9HelbingD,KeltschJ,MolnarP.Modellingtheevolutionofhumantrailsystems.Nature,1997,388:47~5010HelbingD,MolnarP.Socialforcemodelforpedestriandynamics.PhysRevE,1995,51:4282~428611HelbingD,SchweitzerF,KeltschJ,etal.Activewalkermodelfortheformationofhumanandanimaltrailsystems.PhysRevE,1997,56:2527~253912MuramatsuM,NagataniT.Jammingtransitionintwo-dimensionalpedestriantraffic.PhysicaA,2000,275:281~29113MuramatsuM,NagataniT.Jammingtransitionofpedestriantrafficatacrossingwithopenboundaries.PhysicaA,2000,286:377~39014TajimaY,NagataniT.Scalingbehaviorofcrowdflowoutsideahall.PhysicaA,2001,292:545~55415TajimaY,TakimotoK,NagataniT.Scalingofpedestrianchannelflowwithabottleneck.PhysicaA,2001,294:257~26816TajimaY,NagataniT.CloggingtransitionofpedestrianflowinT-shapedchannel.PhysicaA,2002,303:239~25017NagataniT.Jammingtransitioninthetraffic-flowmodelwith2-levelcrossings.PhysRevE,1993,48:3290~329418NagataniT.Jammingtransitioninatwo-dimensionaltrafficflowmodel.PhysRevE,1999,59:4857~486419NagataniT.Dynamicaltransitionandscalinginamean-fieldmodelofpedestrianflowatabottleneck.PhysicaA,2001,300:558~56620ChenT,SongWG,FanWC,etal.JammingTransitionofPedestrianEvacuatingFlowinCrossingExit.In:HuangP,WangY,LiS,etal,eds.ProgressinSafetyScienceandTechnology,VolIII,Beijing:SciencePress,2002.507~51221HelbingD,IsobeM,NagataniT,etal.Latticegassimulationofexperimentallystudiedevacuationdynamics.PhysicalReviewE,2003,67:06710122BursteddeC,KlauckK,SchadschneiderA,etal.Simulationofpedestriandynamicsusingatwo-dimensionalcellularautomaton.PhysicaA,2001,295:507~52523KirchnerA,SchadschneiderA.Simulationofevacuationprocessusingabionics-inspiredcellularautomatonmodelforpedestriandynamics.PhysicaA,2002,312:260~27624KirchnerA,NishinariK,SchadschneiderA.Frictioneffectsandclogginginacellularautomatonmodelforpedestriandynamics.PhysicalReviewE,2003,67:05611225,,..,2003,12(2):100~104一种考虑摩擦与排斥的人员疏散元胞自动机模行作者：宋卫国，于彦飞，范维澄，张和平作者单位：中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥,230026刊名：中国科学E辑英文刊名：SCIENCEINCHINA(SERIESE)年，卷(期)：2005,35(7)被引用次数：11次参考文献(25条)1.BihamO.MiddletonAA.LevineDSelf-organizationandadynamicaltransitionintraffic-flowmodels19922.WangBH.WooYF.HuiPMImprovedmean-fieldtheoryoftwo-dimensionaltrafficflowmode