ICS21.200J17JB/T8830-2001idtISO9084:1998高速渐开线圆柱齿轮和类似要求齿轮承载能力计算方法Calculationofloadcapacityforhighspeedgearsandgearsofsimilarrequirements2001-05-23发布2001-10-01实施中国机械工业联合会发布范围·················································································································································································································12引用标准·········································································································································································································33主要代号·········································································································································································································34载荷影响系数·······························································································································································································65齿面接触强度(点蚀)计算·····························································································································································146轮齿弯曲强度计算··················································································································································································22附录A(标准的附录)轮齿刚度c′和cγ··································································································································30附录B(标准的附录)非常规设计齿轮的特性······················································································································33附录C(提示的附录)使用系数KA的推荐值·························································································································37附录D(提示的附录)参考文献目录···········································································································································39JB/T8830-2001目次:1998《直齿轮和斜齿轮承载能力计算——高速齿轮和类似要求齿轮的应用标准》、对JB/T8830—1999《高速渐开线圆柱齿轮承载能力计算方法》的修订。本标准与JB/T8830—1999相比,主要在下列几个方面作了修改:1.在第1章范围中,强调了应用领域和齿轮的设计;2.根据ISO9084:1998,对动载系数KV的计算公式作了修改;3.在计算接触应力σH的计算公式中增加了小轮及大轮单对齿啮合系数ZB,ZD;4.对于许用接触应力σHP和许用齿根应力σFP分别增加了NL5×107和NL3×106时的计算公式;5.在材料接触及弯曲疲劳极限两节中用MX,ME,MQ,ML四条取值线代替JB/T8830—1999中的方框图;6.在附录A(标准的附录)中给出了轮齿刚度c′和cγ较为详细的计算方法。在附录B(标准的附录)中给出了非常规设计齿轮(行星齿轮传动、分流传动)的动载系数KV和齿向载荷分布系数KHβ、KFβ的计算公式。在附录C(提示的附录)中给出了使用系数KA的推荐值。对一些系数、公式,也根据ISO9084:1998作了相应修改。本标准自实施之日起代替JB/T8830—1999。本标准的附录A和附录B是标准的附录;附录C和附录D是提示的附录。本标准由全国齿轮标准化技术委员会提出并归口。本标准由郑州机械研究所负责起草。本标准主要起草人:张元国、张民安、侯东海、杨星原、王琦、陶燕光。本标准于1990年9月以ZB/TJ17006—90首次发布,1999年4月标准号改为JB/T8830—1999,本次是第一次修订。JB/T8830-2001、2、3部分中给出了通用直齿轮和斜齿轮承载能力(接触强度和弯曲强度)计算方法,在上述标准中,与计算方法相关的假设在本标准中也引用了。本国际标准中的影响系数来源于ISO6336–1。本标准使用ISO6336–5中的疲劳极限值。本国际标准包括四个附录:附录A是标准的附录,它包含了对计算轮齿弯曲强度所需的轮齿刚度系数的资料和公式。附录B是标准的附录,它包含了对非常规设计的齿轮轮齿强度计算所需的动载系数和齿向载荷分布系数确定的资料和公式。附录C是提示的附录,它包含了使用系数的推荐值。附录D包含了在本标准中未直接指明的其它国际标准的目录,这些标准对读者可能是有用的。本国际标准由TC60/SC2起草。ISO引言本国际标准来源于ISO6336第1、2、3部分,在某些方面作了简化。ISO6336第1、2、3部分提出的假设适合于本标准的计算方法。ISO6336–5中给出的材料强度和质量对本标准是有效的。如果需要进行更详细的计算或者由于各种原因不能满足1.2和1.3的限制条件时,相关的系数可以根据基础标准或其它的应用标准来计算。由可靠的经验或试验数据得到的系数可代替按本标准计算的相应系数。关于这一点,可使用ISO6336–1A法1.8的准则。在计算说明中必须把所有的偏差都记录下来,如果应力、安全系数等均是按ISO9084计算,强度计算的其它方面必须严格按本标准来进行。制造者和用户之间相互交流的资料应包括材料的性能、润滑、安全系数和由于振动及超载(使用系数)引起的外部作用力。在所有的计算中,必须使用第3章所列的单位。ISO6336–1附录A和C中给出的资料,将会方便本标准的使用。JB/T8830-2001范围本标准规定了通过单对齿轮副传递总转矩的高速渐开线圆柱齿轮的齿面接触强度(点蚀)和轮齿弯曲强度的计算方法。渐开线圆柱齿轮轮齿的胶合承载能力计算不包括在本标准中。齿轮胶合承载能力按GB/T6413计算。1.2应用领域本标准适用于:a)齿轮类型——内、外啮合的渐开线直齿、斜齿和双斜齿轮;——对双斜齿轮,假定总的切向力平均分配在两边的斜齿上。如果不是这种情况,例如有外部轴向力作用时,就必须把两边的斜齿按两个平行的单个斜齿轮来考虑;——多分支传动的行星和其它齿轮系。b)速度范围——小轮转速n1≥3000r/min(两极电机在50Hz电流下的同步转速)。也适用于特殊要求的低速高精度齿轮。——当节圆线速度v1m/s时,齿轮承载能力常受到磨损的限制。c)齿轮精度GB/T10095规定的5级或更高精度等级(影响KV、KHβ、KHα、KFα)。d)当量直齿轮副端面重合度范围1.2εαn2.5(影响c′、cγ、KV、KHβ、KFβ、KHα、KFα和Yε)。e)螺旋角范围β小于或等于30°(影响cγ、KV和KHβ)。f)基本齿条不限制1),但受d)的限制。1)对所有情况,可假定刀具基本齿条的齿廓与齿轮基本齿条的齿廓相同。1.3设计中国机械工业联合会2001-05-23批准中华人民共和国机械行业标准高速渐开线圆柱齿轮和类似要求齿轮承载能力计算方法CalculationofloadcapacityforhighspeedgearsandgearsofsimilarrequirementsJB/T8830-2001idtISO9084:1998代替JB/T8830—19992001-10-01实施-20012当齿坯、轴和轮毂连结配合、轴、轴承、箱体、螺纹联结、地基和联轴器等都满足精度、承载能力与刚度(这是齿轮承载能力计算的基础)的要求时,本标准才可应用。a)小齿轮和小齿轮轴本标准适用于对称安装在轴承之间的轴齿轮或带轴孔的小齿轮。假定带轴孔的小齿轮安装在实心轴或di/dsh0.5的空心轴上(影响KHβ)。b)轮坯、轮缘本标准适用于齿根以下轮缘厚度sR3.5mn的内、外齿轮。c)材料本标准适用于钢质材料(影响ZE、c′、cγ、ZW、KV、KHβ),包括调质、渗碳硬化和渗氮硬化钢(影响Yα、Yβ、ZL、ZX、σHlim、σFE、YE)。对于其它材料的有关资料见GB/T3480和GB/T8539。d)润滑本计算方法在符合下列条件时有效:在齿轮的整个运转期间采用喷油润滑,并使用齿轮的设计者和制造者同意的润滑油。且喷油润滑的油温和喷油流量应确保温度不超过计算目的所要求的温度(影响ZL、ZV和ZR)。1.4安全系数安全系数值的选择应基于所用数据的可靠度和失效造成的后果。考虑的重要因素如下:a)材料疲劳极限是在失效概率为1%时得到的;b)在制造的全过程中所规定的质量与质量控制的有效性;c)工作载荷和外部条件描述的精确度;d)通常认为断齿比点蚀造成的危害更大,若确属这种情况,那么,SF值的选取比SH值的选取更重要。建议昀小安全系数选取应由用户和制造者协商一致。1.5输入数据a)齿轮参数a1、z1、z2、mn、d1、da1、da22)、b、x1、x2、αn、β、εα、εβ(GB/T1356,GB/T1357);齿部相对于轴承的位置。b)刀具基本齿条齿廓hao、ρao。c)设计和制造参数材料、材料硬度、热处理过程,材料的质量等级,齿轮的精度等级、轴承跨距l,齿轮的尺寸参数,大、小轮的转动惯量,当采用修形时的齿向修形(鼓形、齿端修薄)。d)功率参数P或T或Ft、n1、v1,原动机和工作机的情况。必要的几何参数可根据有关标准计算。2)当齿顶倒棱或