XXXX年“爱心助学工程”助学金申请表

COMPARATIVEPRIVATELAWNON-PERFORMANCE-LIABILITYUniversityofOsloProf.GiudittaCorderoMossCaseI–Destructionofsubject-matter(1)•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Anearthquakedestroysthefacilitiesandthestoredcomponents•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Destructionofsubject-matter(1)•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisexcused•UNIDROIT:Sellerisexcused•PECL:Sellerisexcused•CISG:SellerisexcusedCaseII–Destructionofsubject-matter(2)•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Afiredestroysthefacilitiesandthestoredcomponents•Thefirealarmhadnotbeeninstalledduetoillnessofthepersoninchargeofsecurityintheseller’scompany•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Destructionofsubject-matter(2)•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•UNIDROIT:Sellerisnotexcused•PECL:Sellerisnotexcused•CISG:SellerisnotexcusedCaseIII–Actofgod(factumprincipis)(1)•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Newgovernmentalregulationsforbidexportofvarioustechnicalequipment,i.a.carcomponents•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Actofgod(1)•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisexcused•UNIDROIT:Sellerisexcused•PECL:Sellerisexcused•CISG:SellerisexcusedCaseIV–Actofgod(factumprincipis)(2)•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Theseller’sexportlicenceiswithdrawnbecauseoftheseller’snon-compliancewithgovernmentalrequiremenets•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Actofgod(2)•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•UNIDROIT:Sellerisnotexcused•PECL:Sellerisnotexcused•CISG:SellerisnotexcusedCaseV–Supplier’sfailure•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Thealuminiumsupplierfailstodeliveraluminiumontimefortheproductionofthecomponents•Thealuminiumsupplierisarecognisedsupplieronthemarket,butduetoextraordinarywheatherconditionscannotshipontime•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Supplier’sfailure•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•CISG:Sellerisnotexcused•UNIDROIT,PECL:SellerisnotexcusedCaseVI–Sub-contractor’sfailure•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Asub-contractorfailstoperformeproperlyitspartoftheproduction,duetointernalreorganisation•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Sub-contractorfailure•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•UNIDROIT:Sellerisnotexcused•PECL:Sellerisnotexcused•CISG:SellerisnotexcusedCaseVII–Choicebetweencontracts•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Destructionofpartoftheseller’sstorage•Volumesinstoresufficienttomeetobligationstowardsonebuyer,butnotallbuyers•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Choicebetweencontracts•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisexcused•CISG:Sellerisexcused(?)•UNIDROIT,PECL:Sellerisexcused(?)•Englishlaw:SellerisnotexcusedCaseVIII–Unaffordability(1)•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Duetounexpectedweatherconditionstheshipcannotleavetheharbourunlessanice-breakerisespeciallyorderedfromabroad•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Unaffordability(1)•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisexcused(butfirst:renegotiation)•UNIDROIT,PECL:Sellercanrequirerenegotiation•Englishlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•CISG:SellerisnotexcusedCaseIX–Unaffordability(2)•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Thepriceofaluminiumincreasessignificantly,andsaleofthecomponentsattheagreedpricewouldresultinconsiderablelossesfortheseller•Delivery“cannot”bemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Unaffordability(2)•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•UNIDROIT,PECL:Sellerisnotexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•CISG:SellerisnotexcusedCaseX–Unaffordability(3)•Saleofcarcomponentsbuiltonspecifications•Thepriceofaluminiumincreasessignificantly,andduetoitsnumerousobligationsthesellercannotpayforitsrawmaterials•Deliverycannotbemadeaccordingtocontract•Isthesellerliablefornon-performance?Unaffordability(3)•Norwegianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Italianlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•Germanlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•UNIDROIT,PECL:Sellerisnotexcused•Englishlaw:Sellerisnotexcused•CISG:SellerisnotexcusedPossibleaimsofrulesexcusingnon-performance•Allocatetheriskofsuperveningevents•Sanctionnegligenceandrewarddiligence•AvoidunfairsituationsNorwegianlaw•Kjpl.§27:Apartyisnotliableforfailuretoperformifduetoimpedimentbeyondhiscontrolthatcouldnotreasonablybetakenintoaccountorovercome•”