搜索
流程图的四要素1.流程图的信息比数学图表要更零散，看图时必须更加仔细，不能漏掉一个细节，否则可能导致无法正确理解题意。2.流程图里有生词完全正常。即使给出你中文的流程图，中间有的技术用语你也可能不认识，所以流程图里出现生词真的是再正常不过的事情。关键在于生词大多数都是名词，而且生词旁边都要解释性的图画，我们虽然不一定能够准确的猜出它的意思，至少大方向可以猜的出来。对待流程图里面生词的最好方法就是把它直接抄到文章里，因为它根本就不会影响我们写作。3.表示顺序的连词或者词组一定要多用。什么叫流程图？就是描述一个过程的图表，所以要充分使用下面的连词：Atfirst=initially=inthefirststageThen=inthenextstep=afterthat=inthefollowingstageAtthispoint=inthisphaseFinally=eventually有了这类表示顺序的连词，文章就有了骨骼，再往下加内容就是水到渠成的事了。4.如果发现流程图特别复杂，一定要合并成几大步来写。当你面对一个包含十几个小图的流程图时，你是否曾感到末日降临？其实只要你仔细研究就会发现，如果一个流程图里真的有一大堆小图，那么只有一种可能，就是一定能把这些小图合并成大的阶段来介绍。而且当这种情况真的出现时，题目里一定会有某些细节暗示我们如何把小图合并成大的阶段。实战练习Example1:Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.ThediagrambelowshowhowTheAustralianBureauofMeteorologycollectsup-to-the-minuteinformationontheweatherinordertoproducereliableforecasts.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Writeatleast150words.分析：这道题应该算是一道很典型的流程图了。正如很多考生害怕的那样这里既有生词无数，N多的小图还有迷宫般的网络。但是只要你能暂时抛开心里的恐惧感，静下心来用我们刚刚讲的四个要素衡量一下你就会发现：1.这个信息绝对分散。所以请大家一定要保证每个图和每个字都看到了，即使不认识的单词也要看一下。2.题目中有很多生词。但是我们应该能够猜出这个图讲的是澳洲的某个机构搜集天气信息，并且加工然后播放的一个流程。有些生词，比如右下角driftingbuoy完全可以猜出是水上搜集天气信息的一种装置，然后抄到文章中就好了，根本没有必要知道它的确切定义。3.描述这个图明显要用到很多表示顺序的连词。4.这样复杂的图肯定要合并成几大步来写。几大步最好呢？三步吗？按照卫星、雷达和浮标来写。这样写虽然逻辑上没有问题但是还是很容易乱。有没有更好的办法呢？大家可以仔细看一下，在这个流程图上方有4组黑体字：Incominginformation:信息接受Analysis&forecasting:分析和预报Preparethebroadcast:准备播放Broadcast:播放范文：开头转述原题TheprocessdiagramillustratesinfourstageshowtheAustralianBureauofMeteorologygathersitsweatherinformationinordertomakeweatherforecasts.Accordingtothediagram,inthefirststagethereisthe“incominginformation”.Specifically,whetherdataiscollectedfromouterspace,onland,oratsea,usingsatellite,radar,anddriftingbuoyrespectively.Next,inthesecondstep,thisdataisanalyzedandforecastbyexperts.Atthisstageexpertsstudysatellitephotos,radarscreens,andsynopticchartstodetermineweatherconditions.Stagethreeoftheprocessiswhentheinformationispreparedforbroadcast.Thisisdonethroughthecomputerwhichsendsallnecessarydatatothefourthstage.AtthispointtheweatherdataisbroadcasttothegeneralpublicviaTV,radioandtelephone.Thus,theprocessdiagramclearlyshowshowdataiscollected,studied,prepared,andfinallybroadcast.Example2:Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.ThechartbelowshowstheshapingandgrowthoftheforestsinYellowstoneNationalParkafterafiredisaster.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Writeatleast150words.分析：这道题的生词比较少，但是看图一定要仔细，很明显，第二个图到第三个图数的数量减少了（因为竞争competition）,第四到五个图同样出现了树木数量的减少。这道题还是要分步来写。请看下面的范文，体会连接词的使用。范文：TheprogressdiagramillustratesinfourstagestherecoveryoftheforestsinYellowstoneNationalParkafteradevastatingforestfire.Accordingtothediagram,inthefirstpicture,whiletheoldforeststillexist,theydropbadwoodtothesoilunderthem,whichmakesthesoilmorefertile.Thenlighteningandfirestrike,destroyingtheforestscompletely.Andthegrowthofnewforestsstartsrightatthepoint.Thesecondpicturedemonstratesthatinthefirst50yearsafterdevastatingfire,saplingsemergewheretheoldforestsusedtostand.Thesecondfivedecadesseethesaplingsgrowinbuildwhilediminishinoverallnumber.Inthenexttwocenturies,theyoungtreescontinuetothriveinYellowstone,becauseofthefertilesoilandtheamplesunlight.Then,threehundredyearsafterthefire,theforestsbegintoexperienceaturnaroundandthenumberoftressdeclinetoroughlythesameastheoldforests.Thesefivepicturesshowusthatittakesaslongasthreecenturiesforadestroyedforesttofullyrecover.Additionally,theyvividlyexplainusthatthenaturallawof“survivalofthefittest”.Thenumberoftreesthataregioncansupportisnotlimitless,whichmeanstheforestsonearthwillnotbeaninexhaustibleresource.Example3:Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.ChorleywoodisavillagenearLondonwhosepopulationhasincreasedsteadilysincethemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Themapshowsthedevelopmentofthevillage.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.分析：这道题看起来像是map,其实还是一个分成四步发展的流程图，每个阶段写出它的交通方式即可。范文：ChorleywoodisavillageclosetoLondon.Itspopulationhasincreasedgraduallysincethemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.ThemapdescribesinfourstageshowthevillageofChorleywooddevelopedfrom1868to1994.Accordingtothemap,thefirstperiodwasfrom1868to1883.AtthistimeChorleywoodwasonlyasmallareaofinhabitedland.Asfortransportation,thepeopleofChorleywoodonlyhadtwomainroadsavailabletothem.Thenextperiodstretchedfrom1883to1922.Duringthistimethevillagemorethandoubledinlandarea.TheChorleywoodrailwaystationandtherailwaywerebuiltinthemiddleofthisnewpatchofland.Next,theperiodbetween1922to1970sawthevillageslowlyexpandingalongsidetherailwayline.Finally,from1970to1994Chorleywoodagainincreasedsignificantlyinsize.In1970,amotorwaywasbuiltawayfromthecentreoftheoriginalvillage.Asthediagramshows,newsettlementsweremadealongsidethismotorway.Therefore,themapinformsusthatChorleywood’spopulationandlandareasteadilyincreasedasitsmeansoftransportationdevelopedfrom1868to1994.