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Abstract:ThispaperisananalyticalframeforstudyingChineselineageinthecoun2trysideofNorthChina.TheauthorpaymoreattentiontothelineageindailylifeandtrytoputthelineageunderthebackgroundoftheChinesetraditionalcultureandofthecomplicatedrelationshipamongthestate,thelocalgovernmentandthepeasants.Thispapershowshowtheeliteofthelineagedealwiththegreatsocialchangeafter1949todefendtheirinvestedinterestbecauseoftheexistenceofpoliticalspaceoffreedomandshowswhythegovernmentahastoselectvillagecadresamongthem.SincethePartysgoalhasbeenchangedafter1978,thecriteriaforselectingvillagecadrehavebeenchangedtoo.Thecadresabilitytofinishthetaskfromtheirsuperiorisstressedbythelocalgovernment.Sothoughtheelitewhoisvillagecadresplaysthemultiperoles(thestateagent,thescarecrowofthecommunityandtherepresentativeoffamilyandlin2eage)atthesametimejustasbefore,butnowtheycaninclinemoretotheircommunityandthetheirfamilyandlineage.,(),,,1949(,1947)(,1990)(,1995)80,(,1992)(,1991)(,1997)(Oi,JeanC.,1989),(),,,():,(VictorNee,1989:6632681)10120003,,,,(,1996);(,1996),,,,(,1994),P,()(,,),,,,,,;(,1991),(),,(),1949,,1949()(,1995)1949,()1949:,,,,,,4/5,()2011995(,1994),,,(),,,,,,,,,:,30(,1998);,,10(150),,,,(,1997),,,(),,,(,1985)(),1937,:,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,(,),,,,,,,(,1997)301,,,(,1997),,,(,1994),,(,1997),,,:,(),,,;,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,(,1998),,(,1998),()(),,,,,,,(),(),()(),,;(),(),,,,,4011998,,211059,P51,,,;,;,,,,,,,,,,,,(,1991),,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,(,20),,,(),(),,(),:,,,,(,1996),,,,(501,,),,,,,,(),:,,,,,,,,(,1998)5060,,(),,,,(),7080,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,80,,,,,(),1949,,(),,,,:,(),()601199811,,,,,(),()(),,,,,,1949,,,,,(,1990),(,1993),194980(80,)1949(),,(,,,),,,,,,(,1994),,,,,,,(,,,),,(),,(,1998),(),,,(),,701,60-70,,,(),,,:C1,1994,,,1995,,,1985,,,1990,,,1993,,3,1990,:,5,1992,,,1997,,,1996,,4,1994,,,1997,,,1991,,4,1998,,,1998,,Nee,Victor,1989,TheTheoryofMarketTransition:fromredistributiontomarketinstatesocialism,AmericanSociologicalReview,54.Oi,JeanC.,1989,StateandPeasantinContemporaryChina:thepoliticaleconomyofvillagegovernment,Univer2sityofCaliforniaPress.,:801