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BuildingYourCompetenceinWorkplaceLearningandPerformance(WLP)ByWilliamJ.Rothwell,Ph.D.Copyright2001byWilliamJ.Rothwell威廉·罗斯维尔博士威廉·罗斯维尔2001版权所有建立职场学习与绩效(WLP)的专家能力PartI:Introduction第一部分简介PurposeoftheSessionWorkplaceLearningandPerformance(WLP)isthelatestgenerationofthefieldoncecalledHumanResourceDevelopment(HRD)and,beforethat,TrainingandDevelopment(T&D).Howcanyouunderstandthefield,therolescarriedoutbyWLPpractitioners,thecompetenciesthatareassociatedwithsuccessfulperformanceinWLPnowandinthefuture,andbuildyourcompetenciesastheWLPfieldchangesinresponsetotrendsunfoldingnow?Howmightyouapplythisknowledgetoyear-endperformanceevaluation,compensationprograms,andplanningforthefollowingyear'sHRDefforts?Usethistwo-dayWorkshoptobuildyourcompetenceasaWLPpractitioner.本期培训的目的•“职场学习与绩效(WLP)”是曾经被称为“人力资源开发（HRD）”，之前曾被称作“培训与发展（T&D）”的这一领域发展的最新阶段。您怎样理解这一领域？您怎样理解这一领域？怎样理解WLP从业者所扮演的角色？怎样了解现在及将来都与WLP优良绩效有关的能力？在WLP领域的时代，怎样根据当今的趋势来增强自己的能力？您怎样把这些知识运用到年终的绩效考核、薪酬计划中及来年的人力资源开发工作中？通过这两天的培训，将会培养您作为一名WLP从业者的能力。WhatWillYouTakeAwayfromtheSession?Uponcompletionofthistwo-dayWorkshop,youwillbeabletoanswerthefollowingquestions:WhatisWorkplaceLearningandPerformance(WLP),andhowdoesitcomparetoTrainingandDevelopment,HumanResourceDevelopment,andHumanPerformanceImprovement/PerformanceConsulting?WhataretherolesoftheWLPpractitioner,andwhyaretheseimportantforyoutoknowabout?您将从本期培训中学到什么？在结束这两天的培训后，您将能够回答下列问题：•什么是职场学习与绩效(WLP)？如何区分培训与发展（T&D）、人力资源开发(HRD)、员工绩效提升（HPI）与绩效咨询(HPC)等概念？•职场学习与绩效（WLP）从业者的角色是什么？为什么了解它对您很重要？WhatWillYouTakeAwayfromtheSession?Whatarecompetencies,andwhatcompetenciesmusttheWLPpractitionerdemonstratetobesuccessfulintoday'sdynamicworksettings?Whatareoutputs,andhowdoestheWLPpractitionerdemonstratetheseoutputstobesuccessful?Howcanyourorganization'strainingdepartmenttransitiontobecomeaWLPdepartment,andwhythatmightbeworthyofconsideration?WhatareyourcompetenciesinWLP,andhowcanyoudeviseaprofessionaldevelopmentplantobuildyourcompetenceasaWLPpractitioner?您将从本期培训中学到什么？•什么是WLP能力？要在当今动态的工作环境中取得成功，WLP从业者必须具备什么样的能力？•WLP的产出是什么？WLP从业者如何阐明这些产出是成功有效的？•怎样把您组织培训部门转变为一个职场学习与绩效（WLP）部门？为什么这种转变值得考虑？•您在WLP方面的能力如何？为了增强自己作为WLP从业者的能力，您怎样来设计自己的职业发展计划？WhatYouWillBeAbletoDoUponcompletionofthistwo-dayWorkshop,youwillbeabletodothefollowing:ExplainhowWLPisdifferentfromHRD,andwhythisdifferenceisimportantAnalyzehumanperformanceproblemsandidentifyrootcause(s)Identifyarangeofpossibleinterventionstocloseperformancegapsandtherebyaddresstheunderlyingcause(s)ofhumanperformanceproblems您将能够做什么？两天的课程结束之后，您将能够进行下列工作：•阐明WLP和人力资源开发（HRD）的区别，并说明这样区别的重要意义•分析员工绩效问题并识别其根源•确认为缩小这种绩效差距而可能采取的干预措施，由此探寻员工绩效问题潜在的深层次原因WhatYouWillBeAbletoDoSelectoneormoreinterventionsthataremostappropriateforclosingperformancegapsImplementinterventionssuccessfully,usingprovenmethodsofprojectmanagementandchangemanagementEvaluatethefinancialandnofinancialresultsofaninterventionReviewwaystoapplynew-foundknowledgeaboutWLPtoyear-endemployeeperformanceevaluations,compensationdecisions,andplanningforthefollowingyear'sHRD/WLPefforts.您将能够做什么•选择最适合缩小绩效差距的一种以上干预措施•利用已经过验证的项目管理和变革管理方法，顺利实施干预措施•评价干预措施的财务和非财务成果•评价将新发现的WLP知识运用于年终的员工绩效评估、薪酬决策及来年HRD/WLP工作的方法TheOrganizationoftheWorkshopPart9:ConclusionPart8:HowCanYouApplyWhatYouLearnedtoEvaluatingEmployeePerformance,MakingCompensationDecisions,andPlanningforNextYear'sHRD/WLPEfforts?Part7:HowCanYouAssessYourCompetenciesinWLPandBuildThem?Part6:HowDoYouPreparefortheFuture?Part5:HowCanYourTrainingDepartmentTransitiontoWLP,andWhyMightThatBeWorthyofConsideration?Part4:HowCanYouEnacttheRoles?Part3:WhatAretheRoles,Competencies,andOutputsofWLPPractitioners,andWhatResultsAreExpectedfromThem?Part2:WhatIsWLP,andWhyIsItImportanttoYou?Part1:Introduction培训的内容结构第九部分:结论第八部分:您如何运用所学知识来评估员工绩效、进行薪酬决策、并规划来年的HRD/WLP工作？第七部分您如何评估自己的WLP能力？又如何增强它们？第六部分您如何为面对将来做好准备？第五部分贵公司的培训部门如何转变为WLP部门？为什么这种转变值得考虑？第四部分你如何扮演扮演角色?第三部分:WLP从业者的角色、能力和产出是什么？期望从中获得什么结果？第二部分:什么是WLP？为什么了解它对您很重要?第一部分:简介PartII:WhatIsWLP,andWhyIsItImportanttoYou?第二部分什么是职场学习与绩效（WLP）？为什么了解它对您很重要？OverviewofthisPartThispartexamines:Thebackground:WhatprecedesWLP?WhatisWorkplaceLearningandPerformance(WLP)?WhyisWLPimportant?本部分概述该部分考察了：•背景：职场学习与绩效（WLP）之前的阶段是什么？•什么是职场学习与绩效(WLP)?•职场学习与绩效（WLP）的重要性何在？WhatPrecedesWLP?Therehavebeenfivegenerationsofthefieldoriginallycalled“traininganddevelopment.”ItisimportanttounderstandthembecausetheyprovideabackdropagainstwhichtounderstandWLP.什么是WLP的来源？•最初被称为“培训与发展”的这一领域，共有五个发展阶段•了解这五个阶段很重要，因为这几个阶段为我们提供了了解WLP的背景Generation1:TrainingThisgenerationfocusedononeactivity—thatis,trainingTrainingchangesindividualsbyequippingthemwiththeknowledge,skillsandattitudestheyneedtoperformsuccessfullyCompetencystudiesconsolidateandcodifyagenerationTwocompetencystudieswerekeytothisgeneration:Pinto&Walker(1978)andMcLagan(1983)第一阶段：培训•这一阶段的中心是一种活动—即培训•通过为个人提供其顺利完成工作所需的知识、技能和态度，培训改变了个人•能力研究巩固并形成了这一阶段•对这一阶段而言，有两项能力研究是关键：Pinto和Walker的研究(1978)McLagan的研究(1983)Generation2:HumanResourceDevelopmentHumanResourceDevelopment(HRD)isdefinedastheintegrateduseoftraining,organizationdevelopmentandcareerdevelopmentHRDchangesindividualsthroughactivitie