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12§3-13.1.1800mm10mm6400.5m/su1u2A1A2u1A1u2A2kJ/kg123mVpA22221144dudumm22112dduumm3——m3/kgWeWeQe21.0513.1.2p1-p2)=40kPap1p2pVAVpA)(pVpm212Eeugzp21()2eeeugzpQW22222221111111()()22eeeugzpeugzpQW2211111222221122eeeugzpQeugzpWmuu222121mmuu222121mmuu21()2meeeugzpQW4)21dpppp2121d2pmefpugzpWh212mefpugzWh51——1——2——3——WeWe=0Bernoulliu=0z1=z2p1=p21kgkJ/kg1Nm212mefpugzWh221211221122memfppugzWugzh221211221122memfppugzWugzh)(fehWeemeVNWqWq0fh2102mpugZ0pzg221211221122memfppugzWugzh6——3.1.31-150mm0.02MPa2-215mm7m3/h1-12-23-32-23-322212122pupumm32EE7112303456P106,3,4§3-2————8u—L—Re2000Re40002000Re4000“”Yt=0uuLReu90)——yuxdd10“”“”11§3-3(1)(2)(2)1904Prandtl12u0u0——1.2.xcxc3.10-3131.u0u014Re20002.0Redu15Re————?(1)(2)(3)a.b.c.(4)§3-4()12()12316()22mfudlh28msuRed/22uhf17kJ/kg————3.4.23.4.322udlhef18(1)(2)(3)P106,5§3-5——4mQdu22mfudlp(m/s)3×105Pa11.51×1051×106Pa1.53.00.51.08×105Pa1.53.08×105Pa3.0204030501.0121515251.02.0191020101515201.52.02.5300.751.00.510——1Vq2Vq3Vq1Vq2Vq3VqVq1Vq2Vq3Vq203.5.1d15cml130ml260mH215m0.0230.940°10.8H110m60L/sH11-12-20-01-12-2p1p20u1z1=H1z2=012VVqq21fffhhhfhpgzupgzu222211212221——Ø33.5mm×3.25mm6m20m28m17m0.0279.56.41.m/s2.1-12-22-2p1p2017mu1012134VVVVVVqqqqqqfDEfBDfABfAEhhhhfBDDfBCCBhEhEEfDEEfDFFDhEhEEfhpgzupgzu2222112122212222211udludlgzAA215.9027.02027.02027.0220027.081.917222uu9u26.2522u=166.77221-13-3u2u3u3.45m/su23.10m/su30.35m/su31-12-2u3.49m/sEt3EtA2122332131udludlgzgzAA214.6027.022028027.02027.0220027.081.9681.917232uu91.1077.89232uu221222211udludlgzAA214.6027.02027.02027.0220027.081.91722uukgJudlpugzEAAt/25.57249.34.6027.02027.00249.30222222222kgJgzupgzEt/86.5881.9623233331Vq2Vq3VqVq23321fffhhh3.5.32m3/sl1l2l3d1d2d31200m1500m800m0.6m0.5m0.8m1000kg/m31.0×10-3Pa·s0.2mmqV2m3/sqV10.49m3/su11.73m/sqV20.28m3/su21.42m/sqV31.23m3/su32.45m/sReRe11.04×106Re20.71×106Re31.96×106/d1=0.00033/d2=0.0004/d3=0.0002510.01620.01630.0155123VVVVqqqq222233332222221111udludludl555123123112233::::VVVdddqqqlll555123123112233::::VVVdddqqqlll5551230.60.50.8::::1:0.567:2.51412001500800VVVqqq24P107,9,12§3-60.981.00)(20gRu)(20gRCu2550121/502-2A0/A1ReC00.60.7000002()RgQuACA2615°25°5°7°——20200.1MPa“0”002()VRgQCA000()()ffQQ270.8(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)P109,15,16——Re2211AuAumm221211221122memfppugzWugzh12VVqq21fffhhh28——12134VVVVVVqqqqqqfDEfBDfABfAEhhhhfBDDfBCCBhEhEEfDEEfDFFDhEhEE123VVVVqqqq321fffhhh555123123112233::::VVVdddqqqlll