德国“双元制”职业培训制度Dr_Bernhard

20/09/19Folie1Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010ThedualsystemofvocationaltraininginGermanyandthemodernelectricalandelectronicsprofessionsinindustry德国的双元制职业培训与现代电气和电子工业行业Dr.BernhardDiegner,ZVEIe.V.20/09/19Folie2Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010Content•Veryshortly:WhoisZVEI?•Whatisthedualsystemofvocationaltraining?Howdoesitwork?•Whyin-companyvocationaltraining?•Themodernwayofvocationaltrainingintheelectricalandelectronicsindustry•很快：谁是ZVEI？什么是双元制职业培训？？它是如何工作的？为什么在公司内部的职业培训？电气和电子工业现代的职业培训方式20/09/19Folie3Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010WhoisZVEI?•GermanElectricalandElectronicManufacturers‘AssociationOneoftheworld‘slargestelectricalandelectronicsindustryassociations:1,600membercompanies,4incorporatedorganizations,andanetworkofcompetencecomprisingover5,000experts•Pacemakersoftechnicalprogress,withkeytechnologiesdecisivelyinfluencinginnovationandgrowthinvirtuallyallsectorsoftheeconomy•Figures2009:•EmployeesinGermany:810,000•EmployeesinGermancompaniesabroad:600,000•Turnover:145.0bn€(2008:182bn€)ofwhichfromforeigncustomers:67.8bn€(=46,5%)•R&Dspending;10.4bn€•ZVEIrepresentsapprox.80%ofthesectorintermsofturnoverandemployeenumbers20/09/19Folie4Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010德国电气和电子工业同业公会一个世界上最大的电气和电子工业协会：1600会员公司，4条编入组织，职权和专家组成的网络超过5000起搏器技术的进展，决定性影响的关键技术几乎在所有经济部门创新和发展2009年的数字：在德国的员工：810000德国企业在国外的雇员：600000营业额：€145.0亿（2008年：182亿€）其中来自国外的客户：67.8亿€（=46.5％）研发支出;10.4亿€ZVEI表示约80％的部门在营业额及员工人数方面20/09/19Folie5Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010ConnectionbetweenZVEIandthedualsystemofvocationaltraining•Qualifiedworkforceisthebackboneofahightechindustry.Representingahightechindustry,ZVEIisactivelyengagedinmattersofhumanresourcesdevelopment.•ActivitiesofZVEIincludequestionsofengineeringstudiesaswellasvocationaltrainingandfurthertrainingforbothengineersandtechnicians.•Fordecadesnow,basedonit‘sspecificexperience,ZVEIrepresentstheemployer‘ssideinthedevelopmentofnewprofessionsfortheelectricalandelectronicsindustrywithinthedualsystem.•Weareconvinced:Thebestwayofvocationaltrainingisthedualsystem.20/09/19Folie6Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010高素质的劳动力是一个高科技行业的中坚力量。代表高科技产业，ZVEI正在积极开发人力资源事宜。对ZVEI活动包括工程研究的问题，以及职业培训，都是工程师和技术人员的进一步培训。现在，它的具体经验的基础上几十年来，ZVEI表示双系统内的雇主在新的专业用于电气和电子工业的发展方我们深信：职业培训的最佳方式是双系统20/09/19Folie7Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010Whatisthedualsystemofvocationaltraining?•Thedualsystemisacombinationoflearning(invocationalschools)andtraining(incompanies)whichprovidesthebasisforvocationalskills.•Withinthedualsystem,(state-run)vocationalschoolsand(private)companiesshareajointeducationalresponsibility.•VTinthedualsystembuildsbridgestofurthertrainingandlifelonglearning.•Thesystem‘scentralaimistopromoteemployabilityinachangingworkplace:Peoplemustbeabletoplan,carryoutandchecktheirworkindependently.20/09/19Folie8Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010该系统是一个双学结合的职业（职业学校）和培训（在公司），它提供了技能基础。在双系统，（国营）及（私人）公司的股票一所职业学校联合办学的责任。在双系统的VT基础，进一步培训和终身学习的桥梁。该系统的核心目标是促进就业工作中不断变化的：人们必须能够策划，实施，检查他们的独立工作。20/09/19Folie9Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010BasicelementsofthedualsystemDual:Twoprovidersoftraining(vocationalschoolandcompany).System:Bothprovidersinteract.Thepersonundergoingsuchatrainingisbothtraineeatacompanyandstudentatavocationalschool.Source:BMBF20/09/19Folie10Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010双重的：两年的培训（职业学校和公司）供应商？。系统：两个提供互动。的人接受这种培训既在公司和学生在职业学校实习20/09/19Folie11Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010State:StandardizedframeworkIndustry:IndustrialenvironmentVocationalSchool:Generaleducationandspecializedinstruction1-2daysperweek*Company:Practice-relatedtraining4-3daysperweek*TheDualSystem:Partnersandtheircontributions*5daysworkingweekChamberofcommerceandindustry:Examinations20/09/19Folie12Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010双元制：合作伙伴和他们的贡献国家：标准化框架行业：产业环境职业学校：普通教育和专业指导每周1-2天*公司名称：实践有关的培训每周4-3天*商会和行业：考试20/09/19Folie13Research,HumanResourcesDevelopment,ProductionEngineeringDr.B.Diegner,Q-China2010Whyin-companyvocationaltraining?1Socio-economicadvantages•Highqualificationlevelofworkforce.•Costcuttingbypermanentinnovationintrainingduetocloseinteractionbetweentrainingandpractice,andbycontributionstoproductivityduringtraining.•Basedonaconsensusbetweenemployersandunions.•Lowunemploymentratesamongyoungpeopleduetotheirquickintegrationintothelabourmarket.Advantagesforthelabourmarketandindividualcompanies•Totalsumofindividualapprenticeshipcontractingdecisionsresultsinahighdegreeofconsistencywiththerequirementsofthelabourmarketthatcannotbeachievedthroughplanningalone.•Trainingregulatedbyfederallawanduniformexaminationsass