43APIPipingPlans中英对照

©2001JohnCraneEAA1APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案November2004JCTianjinTrainingModule4.3SealEnvironment密封环境APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案Integral(internal)recirculationfrompumpdischargetoseal内部循环从泵的出口到密封Advantage优点-Noexternalpiping没有外部冲洗Limitations局限性-Changingflowraterequireddismantlingofpump改变流量需要拆泵-Forcleanpumpagesonly只能是适用干净的介质APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案PointstoNoteforAPIPlan02:API02冲洗方案应注意的事项：-Theinjectiontappingisusedforventingpriortostart–up.-在开车前，入口用来进行放空-APIplan02isoftenusedtogetherwithplan62,especiallyonhightemperaturebellowsseals.冲洗方案2经常与62一起用，特别是用在高温波纹管密封APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案Noflushingtothemechanicalseal(‘dead-ended’)机械密封里没有冲洗PointstoNoteforAPIPlan11:API冲洗方案11应注意的事项-Useanorificetorestricttheflowrateifthedischargepressureis3barhigherthansealchamberpressure.如出口压力高于密封腔压力3bar，需要用一个孔板限制流量-Useoncleanandlowabrasivesduties用在干净，含磨蚀性颗粒少的工矿APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案SealFlushingBy-PassfromDischarge单密封通过出口进行冲洗Recirculationfromsealchamberthroughaflowcontrolorificeandbacktopumpsuction从密封腔里出,通过一个孔板返回到泵的入口PointstoNoteforAPIPlan13:API冲洗方案13应注意的事项-Useanorificetorestricttheflowrateifthesealchamberpressureis3barhigherthansuctionpressure.如果密封腔压力高于入口压力3bar，需要用一个孔限制流量-handleabrasivesdutybetterthanAPIplan11处理含有磨石性颗粒的工矿13方案好于11方案-highersealchamberpressuretosuppressvaporisation较高的密封腔压力可抑制它的汽化APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案+=PointstoNoteforAPIPlan14:API冲洗方案14应注意的事项：-Flowbacktosuctionsidewillevacuatevapoursthatmaycollectinsealchamber.-Recommendedforlighthydrocarbonservice.APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案RecirculationfrompumpdischargethroughaflowcontrolorificeandcoolertosealOpenLoopCoolingCircuitCoolingWaterOutlet冷水出口CoolingWaterInlet冷水入口APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案RecirculationfromapumpingringinthesealchamberthroughcoolerandbacktosealClosedLoopCoolingCircuit冲洗液通过密封腔中的泵效环从密封腔中流出经过换热器，再返回到密封中，形成自封闭循环。形成封闭的冷却回路ThroatbushingSuction入口Discharge出口18-24Ventathighestpointofthepiping排在管线的最高点CoolingWaterOutlet冷水出口CoolingWaterInlet冷水入口mechanicalsealwithpumpingringHeatexchanger换热器APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案PointstonoteforAPIPlan23:Thermosyphondesign热虹吸设计*heatexchanger换热器18to24“abovepumpcentreline.在泵中心线以上18to24*Preventoverheatinginstandbyandstart–up.*在泵启动和备用时，要防止过热。Installclosefittingneckbushingatthebottomofsealchambertoisolatetheheatfromtheimpellerend.在密封腔底部安装喉部衬套用来隔离从叶轮传出的热量Usedonhightemperatureapplicationstominimiseheatloadonthecoolerbycoolingonlysmallamountofliquidthatisrecirculated.用于高温工况，通过冷却密封腔的小部分的循环流体来使冷却器的热负荷降至最低.Forhightemperatureboilerfeedpumpapplications用于高温锅炉给水泵上Otherapplications其他应用*hightemperatureliquidclosetobubblepoint.*接近沸点的高温液体.APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案Recirculationfrompumpdischargethroughacycloneseparatordeliveringcleanfluidtothesealandfluidwithsolidsbacktopumpsuctionline冲洗液从泵出口流出，通过一旋液分离器，使干净流体进入密封腔，带有颗粒的流体返回到泵入口处形成封闭循环CleanoverflowUnderflowInletAPIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案PointstoNoteforAPIPlan32:对于APIplan32须注意:-Choseapropersourceofsealflushtoeliminatethepotentialforvaporisationoftheinjectedfluidandtoavoidcontaminationofthefluidbeingpumpedwiththeinjectedflush.选择合适的密封冲洗源，以减少冲洗流体的汽化，同时可避免冲洗流体被污染。-Installalabyrinthbushingatthebottomofthestuffingboxtocontroltheflushingandpressureifnecessary.--如有必要的话，在密封腔底部安装喉部衬套或迷宫密封来控制冲洗和压力。APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案SingleSealFlushingfromExternalSource单密封通过外部来源进行冲洗ThroatBushingRecirculationfrompumpdischargethroughacycloneseparatordeliveringcleanfluidthroughacoolerandthentosealandfluidwithsolidsbacktopumpsuctionlineCoolingWaterOutletCoolingWaterInletAPIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案NeedlevalveExternalreservoirprovidingadead-endedblanketoffluidtothequenchconnectionofthegland.PointstoNoteforAPIPlan51:对于APIplan51须注意:--Deadendedblanketonatmosphericsideofsealtopreventfreezingofmoisture.Sealfacewillnotsticktogetherwhenthepumpstarted.-在密封大气侧，一端封闭的情况可防止潮气的冻结，这样在泵启动时，密封面就不会粘接在一起。Typicalapplication:典型的应用Pumpoperatingbelow0°C应用于泵在0°C以下--API6108thEditionhaseliminatedthispipingplan.API610第八版已经取消这个冲洗方案--APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案Afluidusedasalubricantorbufferbetweendualmechanicalseals.这种液体象缓冲剂，润滑剂用在双机械密封Thebufferfluidisalwaysatapressurelowerthanthepumpprocesspressurebeingsealed.缓冲液的压力通常低于被密封的介质的压力Afluidwhichisintroducedbetweendualmechanicalsealstocompletelyisolatethepumpprocessliquidfromtheenvironment.双机械密封里的隔离液使泵送的工艺液体与大气分离Pressureofthebarrierfluidisalwayshigherthanthepumpprocesspressurebeingsealed.隔离液压力总是高于泵的运作压力ThepurposeoffluidcirculationistoremoveheatfrommechanicalsealAPIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案PumpingringPumpOnapplicationsbelowambienttemperature,circulationofbarrierfluidmaynotbedesirable.这种情况适用于比室温低的工况，隔离液的循环不能满足要求。Theatmospherewillheatthereservoirandconsequentlyaddheattothesealarea.外部对储罐进行加热，从而，对密封区域进行加热。T2T1Fluidcirculationbytemperaturedifferencebetweenthesealandreservoir.流体依靠密封腔和储罐的温差进行循环Highertemperatureliquidatsealhaslowerdensityrisestothereservoir.密封中的高温流体密度较小，依靠热虹吸现象上升到储罐中Lowertemperatureliquidatreservoirhashigherdensityfallstothesealtoprovidecooling.储罐中的低温流体密度较大，下降到密封腔中对密封进行冷却APIPipingPlansAPI冲洗方案PointstoNoteforAPIPlan52:TypicallyusedwithanArrangement2unpressuriseddualseal.通常用于不带压双封Duringnormaloperation,circulationismaintainedbyaninternalpumpingring