RG1.112 气体和液体排出物中放射性材料释放的计算 2007

TheU.S.NuclearRegulatoryCommission(NRC)issuesregulatoryguidestodescribeandmakeavailabletothepublicmethodsthattheNRCstaffconsidersacceptableforuseinimplementingspecificpartsoftheagency’sregulations,techniquesthatthestaffusesinevaluatingspecificproblemsorpostulatedaccidents,anddatathatthestaffneedinreviewingapplicationsforpermitsandlicenses.Regulatoryguidesarenotsubstitutesforregulations,andcompliancewiththemisnotrequired.MethodsandsolutionsthatdifferfromthosesetforthinregulatoryguideswillbedeemedacceptableiftheyprovideabasisforthefindingsrequiredfortheissuanceorcontinuanceofapermitorlicensebytheCommission.Thisguidewasissuedafterconsiderationofcommentsreceivedfromthepublic.TheNRCstaffencouragesandwelcomescommentsandsuggestionsinconnectionwithimprovementstopublishedregulatoryguides,aswellasitemsforinclusioninregulatoryguidesthatarecurrentlybeingdeveloped.TheNRCstaffwillreviseexistingguides,asappropriate,toaccommodatecommentsandtoreflectnewinformationorexperience.WrittencommentsmaybesubmittedtotheRulesandDirectivesBranch,OfficeofAdministration,U.S.NuclearRegulatoryCommission,Washington,DC20555-0001.Regulatoryguidesareissuedin10broaddivisions:1,PowerReactors;2,ResearchandTestReactors;3,FuelsandMaterialsFacilities;4,EnvironmentalandSiting;5,MaterialsandPlantProtection;6,Products;7,Transportation;8,OccupationalHealth;9,AntitrustandFinancialReview;and10,General.Requestsforsinglecopiesofdraftoractiveregulatoryguides(whichmaybereproduced)shouldbemadetotheU.S.NuclearRegulatoryCommission,Washington,DC20555,Attention:ReproductionandDistributionServicesSection,orbyfaxto(301)415-2289;[e-mail]ideandotherrecentlyissuedguidesareavailablethroughtheNRC’spublicWebsiteundertheRegulatoryGuidesdocumentcollectionoftheNRC’sElectronicReadingRoomat’sAgencywideDocumentsAccessandManagementSystem(ADAMS)at(DraftwasissuedasDG-1160,datedOctober2006)CALCULATIONOFRELEASESOFRADIOACTIVEMATERIALSINGASEOUSANDLIQUIDEFFLUENTSFROMLIGHT-WATER-COOLEDNUCLEARPOWERREACTORSA.INTRODUCTIONInTitle10,Part20,oftheCodeofFederalRegulations(10CFRPart20),“StandardsforProtectionAgainstRadiation,”Section20.1302,“CompliancewithDoseLimitsforIndividualMembersofthePublic,”establisheslimitsonconcentrationsofradioactivematerialineffluentstounrestrictedareas.Inparticular,10CFR20.1301(e)statesthat,inadditiontotherequirementsin10CFRPart20,alicenseeshallcomplywiththegenerallyapplicableenvironmentalradiationstandardsthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)establishedin40CFRPart190,“EnvironmentalRadiationProtectionStandardsforNuclearPowerOperations,”ifthelicenseeissubjecttothosestandards.Inaddition,in10CFRPart50,“DomesticLicensingofProductionandUtilizationFacilities,”Section50.34a,“DesignObjectivesforEquipmenttoControlReleasesofRadioactiveMaterialinEffluents—NuclearPowerReactors,”setsforththedesignobjectivesforequipmentthatisintendedtocontrolreleasesofradioactiveeffluentsfromnuclearpowerreactors.Moreover,10CFR50.36a,“TechnicalSpecificationsonEffluentsfromNuclearPowerReactors,”providesthat,tokeeppowerreactoreffluentreleasesaslowasisreasonablyachievable,eachlicenseauthorizingoperationofsuchafacilitywillincludetechnicalspecificationsonestablishingoperatingproceduresforthecontrolofeffluents,installationandmaintenanceofeffluentcontrolequipment,andreportingofactualreleases.AllNUREG-seriesreportslistedhereinwerepublishedbytheU.S.NuclearRegulatoryCommission.Copiesare1availableforinspectionorcopyingforafeefromtheNRC’sPublicDocumentRoomat11555RockvillePike,Rockville,MD;thePDR’smailingaddressisUSNRCPDR,Washington,DC20555;telephone[phone]or(800)397-4209;fax[phone];[e-mail],copiesareavailableatcurrentratesfromtheU.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice,P.O.Box37082,Washington,DC20402-9328,telephone[phone];orfromtheNationalTechnicalInformationService(NTIS),at5285PortRoyalRoad,Springfield,Virginia22161,onlineat(800)553-NTIS(6847)or(703)605-6000,orbyfaxto(703)605-6900.CopiesofANSI/ANS-18.1-1999maybeobtainedfromtheAmericanNuclearSociety,555NorthKensingtonAvenue,2LaGrangePark,Illinois60526;telephone[phone];fax[phone].PurchaseinformationisavailablethroughtheANSWeb-basedstoreat“NumericalGuidesforDesignObjectivesandLimitingConditionsforOperationtoMeettheCriterion‘AsLowAsIsReasonablyAchievable’forRadioactiveMaterialinLight-Water-CooledNuclearPowerReactorEffluents,”to10CFRPart50providesnumericalguidancefordesignobjectivesandtechnicalspecificationrequirementsforlimitingconditionsforoperationtokeepthereleasesaslowasisreasonablyachievable.ToimplementthedesignobjectivesofAppendixI,thestaffoftheU.S.NuclearRegulatoryCommission(NRC)hasdevelopedaserieso