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136200811ClimaticandEnvironmentalResearchVol113No16Nov120082007207216,2008208208,,1976,,,()E2mail:jnszy@sohu1comRAMS/CFORSII1,2121,1022052-,100029RAMS/CFORSIICFORSIIRAMS/CFORS,:;,6000m,48h,6000m,5d;2,,,4,3,5,RAMS/CFORSII100629585(2008)0620717210X591ANumericalSimulationofaLowAltitudeNuclearExplosionTestRadioactivePlumeDiffusionBasedonRAMS/CFORSIIModelZHANGYan1,2,ZHENGYi1,andWANGZi2Fa21The2ndResearchInstitute,ChemicalDefenseAcademy,Beijing1022052Nansen2ZhuInternationalResearchCenter,InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100029AbstractTransportanddepositionprocessesofalowaltitudenuclearexplosiontestplumeweresimulatedbyu2singRAMS/CFORSIImodel.CFORSIImodelimplementedinRAMS/CFORS,canbeusedtosimulatelong2dis2tancetransportanddepositionprocessesofnuclearexplosiontestradioactiveplume.Agoodagreementwasgottenthroughcomparisonbetweensimulationresultsandobserveddata.Andsomeotherconclusionswerefound.Thetroughsystemonlow2middletropospherehadplayedanimportantroleinthehorizontaltransportationandverticaldiffusionofthistestplume.Thevelocityofplumelong2distancetransportationdecreasedwithaltitude,andthetestplumeabove6000mmovedtowardsseaafter48handunder6000m,thediffusionanddepositionprocessesoftheplumeweresustainedbeyond5d.During2daftertest,depositionwasdominatedbybigparticles,butlaterfineparticlesseemedtobethemaincomponentofthedeposition.Theradioactivityoffineparticleswasmuchlowerthanthatofbigparticles.Onthe4thdayaftertest,theradioactivityofdepositiondecreasedabout3levels,butthedepo2sitionareaoffineparticleswas5timesmorethanthatofbigparticles.Keywordstransport,deposition,RAMS/CFORSIImodel,lowaltitudenuclearexplosiontestClimaticandEnvironmentalResearch13Vol1131,,,,;,,,,,,24h,2060[1],Harvey[2]LjungNyren[3]Tha2ningNaeslund[4];24h,,,,,,,,,2000[5],Uno[6]RAMS/CFORS,,,,RAMS/CFORSII,,,2CFORS[6]RAMS413[7,8],RAMS,,,CFORSIICFORS,,,,MonteCarlo[9]:(1)RAMS610413,,,,64(2)CFORSII,,,,,40,,,CFORSII,,(3)CFORS,,CFORSII,Vg,:RdH=(Vd+Vgi)Ci,RdH=VgiCi,(1),RdH,Vd,Vgii,40100m1040m10m,Vd012010301003ms-1,Cii(:Bqm-2s-1)8176No16:RAMS/CFORSIIZHANGYan,etal.NumericalSimulationofaLowAltitudeNuclearExplosionTestRadioactivePlume...ni=1(Vd+Vgi)Ci.,,Way2Wigner[10],:A(t)=A0(t/t0)-112,(2),tmin,t01min:C2=C1(t2/t1)-112.(3)RAMS610,Smagorinsky[11],MellorYamada[12,13]3,,197111181400UTC(41N,90E),1520ktTNT[14],1715kt,100%1min[15]C0=3171021Q,(4),Q(:kt),1min614751022Bq,50km,,,,7h,6km,100km,30Way2Wigner,4161019Bq,118106Bqm-3,Bridgman[16],-,A(r)dr=C1As(r)dr+C2Av(r)dr,(5),A(r)drr(r+dr),As(r),Av(r),lnRs+2ln2SlnRs+3ln2S,S,C1C2,C1=0132,C2=0168,,:Fi=Ri+1RiA(r)dr.(6),,,(5)(6),8102040,20120:1000m,,,2%;100m64%,,216103kgm-3,VgiBeard[17]1,,,7h,,:=/,0143ms-1,,18,48%RAMS/CFORSII,ECMWF(),16(100092585070060050040030025020015010070502010hPa)917ClimaticandEnvironmentalResearch13Vol1131Table1Radioactivitypercentandgravitydepositionvelocityofsomedifferentmedian2radiumparticles/mFi/%Vgi/ms-1413913501006816719901023131061440105317175165010962217511501153281341800122434164155013064117413501391501041190147359154106017267018319501915841431871144410110318011427122103173117801491031682122818517316221816238173158316223231831534181249318314961866983141188111247,215215,6h(1357N,75130E),50km50km,26km35,50s,120h411971111922:(a);(b)Fig11Correlationanalysisbetweensurfacemeteorologyelementsdataandmodelresultsduring19-22Nov1971:(a)pres2sure;(b)windspeed411,,11971111922600,,,R2019,,R20114,,,,,,412,,,,,,,7h,10km,,2748h0276No16:RAMS/CFORSIIZHANGYan,etal.NumericalSimulationofaLowAltitudeNuclearExplosionTestRadioactivePlume...200500850hPa2000UTC200500850hPa248h(1)(2,,:gpm;,:):(a)200hPa;(b)500hPa;(c)850hPaFig12Themovementfigures(showedby1)ofmainplumeatisobaricsurfacesduring48hoursaftertestandweathermaps(showedby2,reallineiscontour(units:gpm);brokenlineisisotherm(units:)):(a)200hPa;(b)500hPa;(c)850hPa3,,317Bqm-35h,127ClimaticandEnvironmentalResearch13Vol113,,,,,,200hPa,,,35N,,,50ms-1,,40h,,3040N500hPa,,,30ms-1,,,,,48h,(33N,105E),2840N850hPa,,,,,,,,,,,,26N,,48h,,,100120E,,,413333N,,20h,30006000m,,6000m,,,,110E,,12000m110E,,,,,;110E,,414424,/,,2,,(37N,97E),,,5,7,,,;3,,,102E110E,102E,,,;4,,,15,25,5,,,,,,243,3,,,,,,,41552276No16:RAMS/CFORSIIZHANGYan,etal.NumericalSimulationofaLowAltitudeNuclearExplosionTestRadioactivePlume...333N(;,:ms-1):(a)13h;(b)19h;(c)29h;(d)49hFig13Verticalprofileofmainplumealong33N(shadowisconcentration;isolineisverticalmotion,units:ms-1):(a)atthe13thhouraftertest;(b)atthe19thhouraftertest;(c)atthe29thhouraftertest;(d)atthe49thhouraftertest,/5,,-,;,4,5,2000km,,416,,,,:(1),7,(2),,,;,(3),,,327ClimaticandEnvironmentalResearch13Vol1134[1,:Bqm-2d-1;2()]:(a)2;(b)3;(c)4Fig14Thedistributionofsurfacedeposition[1denotemodelresult,units:Bqm-2d-1;2denoteinterpolatedfigureofsurfaceobserveddata(normalizationdata)]:(a)onthe2nddayaftertest;(b)onthe3rddayaftertest;(c)onthe4thdayaf2tertest,,5,:(1)RAMS/CFORSII,(2)4276No16:RAMS/CFORSIIZHANGYan,etal.NumericalSimulationofaLowAltitudeNuclearExplosionTestRadioactivePlume...5():(a);(b);(c);(d)Fig15Thevariationofstationsurfacedeposition(y2axisisnorm