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1摘要白色家电在我国家电行业中占有较大的比重，对白色家电逆向配送进行研究，可以提高白色家电物流配送的运作效率。根据白色家电配送网络具体情况，建立一个适合白色家电产品的逆向物流配送中心，有利于家电产品库存流通水平提高，降低库存成本，提高整个白色家电产品物流供应链的运行效率。本文针对白色家电配送网络中存在的两种模式，即区域配送网络和连锁配送网络发展现状进行深入分析，目前白色家电逆向配送网络中存在网络结构不完善、配送流程不合理等问题。针对这些问题，本文结合白色家电逆向配送特点，提出发展或者完善逆向配送中心的功能的对策：连锁配送模式下主要从逆向配送中心的运作功能和运作流程出发，在家电连锁配送网络中完善已有的配送中心功能；区域配送模式下运用整数规划选址模型，并考虑相关的选址因素，同时运用ABC分类库存管理的并完善信息系统，以逆向配送中心功能的完善构建高效和快捷的白色家电逆向配送体系。关键词：白色家电；配送网络；区域配送模式；连锁配送模式；逆向配送中心；2ABSTRACTWhiteapplianceshavealargeproportioninChina’sappliancesindustry。Studywiththereverselogisticsdistribution,itcanraiseawhiteappliancelogisticsdistributioncenteroperationalefficiency.Accordingtothewhiteconcretehomeappliancesdistributionnetworks,theestablishmentofawhitehouseholdapplianceproductssuitableforthereverselogisticsdistributioncenter,Itcanreduceinventorycosts,enhancethewhiteappliancelogisticssupplychainefficiency.Thispaperanalysisregionaldistributionnetworkandthechainofdistributionnetworkdevelopmentforthewhiteappliancesdistributionnetworksexistintwomodes,therearesomeproblemssuchasthenetworkstructureisunperfected,andtheirrationaldistributionprocessincurrentwhiteappliancesdistributionnetworks.Inlightoftheseproblems,thispapertellthatwhiteappliancesreversedistributioncharacteristicsdeveloporimprovethedistributioncenterreversethefunctionoftheresponses:wemustimprovetheexistingdistributioncenterfunctionsintheRegionaldistributionmodefromthemaindistributioncenterforthereversefunctionandoperationprocessesinapplianceschaindistributionnetwork;intheregionaldistributionmodel,weuseintegerprogrammingmodelsiteandconsidersomefactors,applytheABCinventorymanagement,improvetheMIS,sothatwecanbuildtheefficientandspeedywhiteappliancereversedistributionsystem.Keywords:whiteappliance;distributionnetwork;regiondistributionmodel;chaindistributionmodel;reverselogisticsdistributioncenter;3目录1绪论...............................................31.1研究背景··························································································51.2文献综述··························································································51.3相关理论概述···················································································62白色家电逆向配送发展现状...........................72.1配送网络发展现状············································································72.1.1区域配送网络..................................................................................72.1.2连锁配送网络..................................................................................82.2逆向配送市场分析············································································92.2.1市场组成............................................................................................92.2.2市场容量............................................................................................93白色家电逆向配送存在的问题及分析..................103.1逆向配送网络不完善·····································································103.2逆向配送流程不合理·····································································103.3目前存在问题的分析·····································································113.3.1区域配送网络分析........................................................................113.3.2连锁配送网络分析........................................................................124白色家电逆向配送发展对策..........................134.1基于连锁配送模式的逆向配送中心·············································144.1.1逆向配送中心运作功能................................................................1444.1.2逆向配送中心运作流程................................................................144.2基于区域配送模式的逆向配送中心·············································154.2.1逆向配送中心选址步骤................................................................154.2.2选址模型的选择............................................................................164.2.3选址因素分析................................................................................194.3逆向配送中心库存管理·································································194.4逆向配送中心信息系统设计·························································205结束语............................................215.1总结································································································215.2展望································································································21参考文献............................................2251绪论近年来，家电企业之间的竞争不再是公司与公司之间的竞争，而是整体供应链之间的竞争，在这样的情况下，家电企业除了考虑家电产品的利益外，更需要考虑整体供应链的竞争力和利益。家电企业必需有整体的概念，因此产生了一个新的企业模式―供应链体系。在这种体系下的家电企业不仅应该包含正向的物流运作而且应该包含逆向的物流运作流程。白色家电作为家电中重要的组成部分，越来越受到各个家电厂商的重视，各家电制造企业纷纷成立自己独立的白色家电运作部门，例如格力、TCL、长虹、康佳等家电厂商。同时原有的配送中心设备、配送体系的设计无法满足家电产品由于家电产品退货、库存产品、返修引起的逆向物流行为。依据现有家电配送网络情况，建立一个适合白色家电的逆向配送中心，将更有利于家电产品库存流通水平提高，降低库存成本，提高整个白色家电供应链的运行效率。1.1研究背景白色家电主要包括洗衣机、空调、电冰箱以及一些厨房小家电，在流通和消费中占有重要的地位。同时由于白色家电的使用频率较其他家电产品高，所以容易产生退货、返修、报废等系列逆向物流行为。家电行业的平均退货率为4-5%左右[1]，单从退货上来说已经是非常一大笔数字，因此白色家电产品的逆向物流实施是有必要的，尤其对于竞争日益激烈的家电行业来说显得尤为重要。由于白色家电逆向物流并没有像正向物流那样得到家电企业的认可，实施起来有一定的难度。同时原有的家电产品配送中心，不能满足家电产品的逆向物流实施要求，所以家电企业可以根据现有的配送网络，建立和完善逆向配送中心，形成高效快捷的白色家电逆向物流。随着社会的发展，逆向物流的经济价值也逐步得到显现，国外许多知名企业把逆向物流战略作为强化其竞争优