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2019年中考真题英语分项汇编（一）【2019•重庆市中考A卷】Fightsatschoolsometimeshappen.Buthowcanyoukeepawayfromafight?Here’ssomethingyoucando.Becalm(冷静).Sometimes,youfeelsoangrythatyoureallywanttoteachsomebodyalesson.Butbeingangrycan’tsolveproblems.Neithercanafight.Instead,itmaybringyoumoreproblems.Intheschool,everyoneinvolved(卷入)inafightwillbepunished,nomatterwhostartedit.Therearewinnersinafight.Shoutloudly.Ifyouknowsomeoneiscomingupbehindyoutoattack,turntowardthepersonwithyourhandsupinfrontofyourbodyandloudlysay＂stop＂beforewalkingaway.Loudvoicecanusuallymaketheattackercalmdown.Ifthepersondoesn’tstop,cryforhelpbycallingoutthenameofateacherwhoseofficeisnearby.____Yourfriendmayaskyoutojoininafight.Learntosayno.Helpinghimfightisnotreallyhelpfultohim.Ifyoureallywanttogivehimahand,trytoaskhimtogiveitup.Also,youcantellhimifhegetsinvolvedinafight,hemaygethurtandbepunished.Then,trytolearnwhyhewantsafightandhelphimfindarightwaytodealwiththeproblem.1.Theunderlinedword＂attack＂inParagraph3means＂_________＂inChinese.A.拥抱B.攻击C.阻止D.吸引2.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe_________?A.Facebravely.B.Joininafight.C.Learntorefuse.D.Talktosomeone.3.Thepassageiswrittento_________.A.helpstudentskeepawayfromfightsB.warnstudentsnottofightC.advisestudentstohelpeachotherD.encouragestudentstoworkhard4.Thepassageiswrittenina/an_________tone(语气).A.sadB.angryC.seriousD.crazy【文章大意】本文介绍了学校里有时会发生打架。但你怎么能不打架呢？本文提供了几个方法。首先要冷静。其次，当有人在身后攻击你时，要大声喊。最后当别人喊你参与打架时，你要学会拒绝并劝说不要打架。1.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据句子Loudvoicecanusuallymaketheattackercalmdown.大的声音通常能使攻击者平静下来。attacker是名词＂攻击者＂的意思。去掉-er就是动词＂攻击＂。句子Ifyouknowsomeoneiscomingupbehindyoutoattack,turntowardthepersonwithyourhandsupinfrontofyourbodyandloudlysay＂stop＂beforewalkingaway.中的attack是动词；该句的语境是：如果你知道有人在你身后攻击你，那么在你离开之前，把手举到你身体前面，朝着那个人大声说＂停＂。因此单词attack，是＂攻击＂的意思。故选B。2.C【解析】细节理解题。A.Facebravely.勇敢地面对。B.Joininafight.参加打架。C.Learntorefuse.学着拒绝。D.Talktosomeone.和某人交谈。根据Yourfriendmayaskyoutojoininafight.Learntosayno.Helpinghimfightisnotreallyhelpfultohim.你的朋友可能会要求你参加一场打架。你要学会说＂不＂。帮助他打架可能对他没有真正的帮助。可知本段是介绍了要学会拒绝打架。故选C。3.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据Fightsatschoolsometimeshappen.Buthowcanyoukeepawayfromafight?Here’ssomethingyoucando.学校里有时会发生打架。但你怎么能不打架呢？这是你能做的。可知，本文主要介绍了如何帮助学生远离打架。故选A。4.C【解析】推理判断题。A.sad悲哀的；B.angry生气的；C.serious严肃的；D.crazy疯狂的。根据Becalm(冷静).、Shoutloudly.和Learntorefuse.可知，本文介绍了如何在学校里避免打架。因此语气应该是严肃的。故选C。【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but,or,however,so,because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。第1小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。（二）【2019•浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市】Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It’sthesocialproof(社会认同感)thatworks.ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines(A,B,C).Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermanentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects(实验对象).Whydoweactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepawayfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting(打猎)withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers’action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis＂themostpopular＂.5.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby_________.A.tellingastoryB.givingexamplesC.answeringquestionsD.showingamap6.AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows_________.A.followingothersisalwaysrightB.socialproofmaychangepeople’sideasC.it’sdifficulttocarryouttheexperimentD.peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone7.Theunderlinedword＂It＂inParagraph4refersto_________.A.runningwithothersB.huntingwithfriendsC.copyingothers’actionD.doingsomethingdifferent8.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that_________.A.it’simportanttorunwithothersanytimeB.productsintheadvertisementarethebestC.wemustn’tcopyothers’actiontokeepsafeD.weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers【文章大意】本文主要通过一些社会现象以及科学家做的实验，告诉大家不要盲目随波逐流。5.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，分别讲了在公园和在音乐会上的两种现象——别人抬头看天空你也会不自觉地看天空，别人在音乐会上鼓掌，不一会儿整个屋子的人都会跟着鼓掌。通过这两个例子引出本文主题，故答案选B。6.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第3段中的信息Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.它说明了社会认同感是如何影响我们的；故答案选B。7.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers’action.我们是那些复制他人行为的人的后代。结合本句Itissodeeplyplantedinourmind它深深的植入了我们的思想中，＂它＂指的就是复制其他人的行为这件事；故答案选C。8.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章我们可以推断，在