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2020年中考真题英语分项汇编专题17任务型阅读考点2回答问题Passage1（2020•北京市）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。This12-year-oldGirlBuiltaRobottoFindPlasticsintheOceanAnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedimpossibletocleanthemallup.Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.That’showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceanseveryyear.Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem;aremote-operatedvehicle(遥控潜水器),orROV.HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.TheactuallycoolpartofDu’sROVisthedetection(探测)system.Sheusesacameraalongwiththreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplastics.Shealsousesvisible(可见的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,”saysengineerCaseyMachado.“Itsoundssimple,butit’salevelofthinkingthat’sreallyamazing.”Dustartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shementionswantingtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate(气候)change.“Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewinventions,”saysDu.Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,”saysDu.“ButI’mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”34.WhatdidAnnaDunoticewhilewalkingalongthebeach?35.HowoldwasDuwhenshedidalittleresearchtosolvetheproblem?36.WhatcanDu’sROVdo?37.WhydoesDuwanttobeanengineerinthefuture?38.WhatmadeDusucceedinbuildingherROV?【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲AnnaDu十二岁时就制作了自己的遥控潜水器，她从小就对STEM感兴趣，长大后想成为一名工程师，帮助解决世界问题。34.Shenoticedplastics.【解析】根据第1段中“AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.”可知AnnaDu在海滩散步的时候注意到了塑料。故答案为：Shenoticedplastics.35.Attheageof12./Whenshewas12yearsold.根据第2段中“Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.”可知Du做了一点调查来解决这个问题的时候，她12岁了。故答案为：Attheageof12./Whenshewas12yearsold.36.Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.【解析】根据第3段中“HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.”可知Du的ROV能够在水中移动，找到海底的塑料。故答案为：Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.37.Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.【解析】根据最后一段中Du的话“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems”可知她想要成为一名工程师是因为她喜欢制造东西来帮助解决世界问题。故答案为：Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.38.Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情给分）【解析】根据第5段中“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit”可知她在解决问题方面有良好工程悟性；根据第6段中“andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV”可知她学会了建造ROV所需的工程技术；根据第6段中“Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.”可知她不轻言放弃；根据倒数第2段中“Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).”可知Du的父母很支持她。这几点都是她成功制作ROV的重要因素。故答案为：Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情给分）Passage2（2020•贵州黔东南州）阅读下面的短文，完成各小题。并将答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填入答题卡相应的位置上。MadameCurie(居里夫人)Marieisafamouswomanintheworld.Shemadealotofimportantcontributions(贡献)tothedevelopmentofhumans.ShewasborninPolandin1867.Herfatherworkedasamiddleschoolheadmasterandtaughtmathandphysics,sosheenjoyedanddidwellinthese2subjectsatschool.MariewenttostudyinParisUniversityin1891.ShestudiedmathandphysicsthereandmetascientistcalledPiereCurie.Theygotmarriedin1895.Fromthenon,shewascalledMadameCurie.Together,PiereandMariediscoveredradium(镭).In1903,MariebecamethefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize.Then,in1904,PierebecameamemberoftheAcademieFrancaise(法兰西学院).ButMariewasnotacceptedbythembecausewomenwerenotallowedtobecomemembersatthattime.In1906,Pierrediedinanaccident,butMariewentonworkinguntilshediedin1934.MadameCurieisourhero.NotonlydidshediscoverradiumbutalsowontheNobelPrizetwiceinherlifetime.71.WhatsubjectsdidMarie'sfatherteachinamiddleschool?72.WheredidMariegotostudyin1891?73.WhendidMariebecomethefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize?74.WasMarieCurieacceptedbytheAcademieFrancaise?75.HowmanytimesdidMadameCuriewintheNobelPrizeinherlifetime?【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文简要介绍了居里夫人的生平及她对世界的贡献。71.Marie'sfather/Hetaughtmathandphysics./Mathandphysics.【解析】题干句意：Marie的父亲在一所中学教什么科目？根据上文Herfatherworkedasamiddleschoolheadmasterandtaughtmathandphysics可知她父亲是一名中学校长，教数学和物理，故答案为：Marie'sfather/Hetaughtmathandphysics./Mathandphysics.72