RESILIENCEATWORKPAGEi.................11072$$$FM12-16-0411:43:14PSThispageintentionallyleftblankRESILIENCEATWORKHOWTOSUCCEEDNOMATTERWHATLIFETHROWSATYOUSalvatoreR.MaddiandDeborahM.KhoshabaAMERICANMANAGEMENTASSOCIATIONNewYork•Atlanta•Brussels•Chicago•MexicoCitySanFrancisco•Shanghai•Tokyo•Toronto•Washington,D.C.PAGEiii.................11072$$$FM12-16-0411:43:15PSSpecialdiscountsonbulkquantitiesofAMACOMbooksareavailabletocorporations,professionalassociations,andotherorganizations.Fordetails,contactSpecialSalesDepartment,AMACOM,adivisionofAmericanManagementAssociation,1601Broadway,NewYork,NY10019.Tel.:212-903-8316.Fax:212-903-8083.Website::howtosucceednomatterwhatlifethrowsatyou/SalvatoreR.MaddiandDeborahM.Khoshaba.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-8144-7260-5(hardcover)1.Psychology,Industrial.2.Work—Psychologicalaspects.3.Jobstress.4.Behaviormodification.I.Khoshaba,DeborahM.,1953-II.Title.HF5548.8.M1932005158.7—dc2220040234372005SalvatoreR.MaddiandDeborahM.KhoshabaAllrightsreserved.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Thispublicationmaynotbereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinwholeorinpart,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofAMACOM,adivisionofAmericanManagementAssociation,1601Broadway,NewYork,NY10019.Printingnumber10987654321PAGEiv.................11072$$$FM12-16-0411:43:16PSCONTENTSPrefaceviiIntroduction1CHAPTER1:ResilienceintheFaceofChange7CHAPTER2:ResearchingStressandResiliency15CHAPTER3:HowHardinessPromotesResilience27CHAPTER4:YouCanLearntoBeResilient39CHAPTER5:DoYouHavetheRightAttitudestoThriveinAdversity?49CHAPTER6:PracticingYourAttitudesofCommitment,Control,andChallenge65CHAPTER7:TransformationalCoping:TurningStressfulChangestoYourAdvantage85CHAPTER8:PracticingTransformationalCoping107CHAPTER9:SocialSupport:GivingandReceivingAssistanceandEncouragement135CHAPTER10:PracticingSociallySupportiveInteractions155CHAPTER11:StrengtheningEmployeeandEmployerTies179CHAPTER12:HowCompaniesCanBoostResilienceinTheirWorkersandinThemselves191Notes201Index207PAGEvv.................11072$CNTS12-16-0411:43:26PSThispageintentionallyleftblankPREFACEWebothstartedoutashigh-riskkids.Ourparentswereimmi-grantstotheUnitedStates—theywereeconomicallypoorandhadlittleornoeducation.Ourearlyliveswereveryhardandfilledwithchallenges.Althoughourparentswantedthebestforus,theydidnotknowwhatthatmeantinAmericansocietyorhowtohelpusgetit.Fortunately,someofourteachersintheearlyyearsatschoolsawusasgiftedandtalented,andprovidedmuch-neededsupportandguidancewithintheeducationalprocess.Wedidnotalwaysgetsupportfromourschoolmates,however,assomeofthemsawusassmart,capablecompetitors.But,thesupportofourteachershelpedusbothdecidetogotocollege,andtoworkatbeingsuc-cessfulthere.Aftercollege,Salwentrightontograduateschoolinclinicalpsychology,whereasDebbieconcentratedonhersingingcareer.Receivinghisdoctorate,Salstartedhislifelongcareerasacollegeteacher,researcher,andpractitioner.Aftersomeyearsasasinger,Debbiegaveupthiscareerandalsowenttograduateschoolinclinicalpsychology,receivedherdoctorate,andembarkedonapsychologicalcareerasapractitioner,teacher,andconsultant.Beforelong,thesimilaritiesinourcareerbeliefsandeffortsledourpathstocross.Webothgotintoexistentialpsychology,espe-ciallyinhowpeoplecansuccessfullynavigatetheturbulentwatersoflifechange.Webothlockedontohardinessasthekeytore-silienceunderstress,notonlybecauseourresearchandpracticesupportsthisview,butalsobecauseitfitswithourownlifeexperi-ences.PAGEviivii.................11072$PREF12-16-0411:43:32PSPrefaceNowthereissomuchstressfulturmoilintheworldandwork-placethatwewanttoreachouttoworkingadultsbyteachingtheattitudesandskillsweusedtofindpersonalandprofessionalsatisfactionandsuccess.Hopefully,whatwehavetosayinthisbookwillhelpyouturnstressfulchangestoyouradvantage.SALVATORER.MADDIANDDEBORAHM.KHOSHABAPAGEviiiviii.................11072$PREF12-16-0411:43:33PSRESILIENCEATWORKPAGEix.................11072$HFTL12-16-0411:43:42PSThispageintentionallyleftblankINTRODUCTIONAsapeople,wewanttobelievethatwecanlearn,change,andmasterwhatevercomesourway.Theabilityto‘‘pullourselvesupbyourbootstraps’’haslongbeenoneofourmosttreasuredwork-placetraits.Wehavecontinuallywantedtoreinventourselvesattheorganizationalandemployeelevels,whichspeakstoourlong-standingabilitytoadapttostressfulchanges.What’sdifferenttoday?Contemporarysocialandeconomicpressuresonanunusuallymassivescalemakeitharderforustoadaptinthehighlydevelopedwaysweexpect.Althoughwestillwanttobelieveinourabilitytolearn,change,andmasterstressfulsituations,today’stumultuous