全套电磁兼容资料7

1HighFrequencyEmissionMeasurements•EMIReceiver•ConductedEmission•RadiatedEmission•(DiscontinuousDisturbance)•(DisturbancePower)•TestExamplesandCorrectiveProvisionsOutline2EMIReceiverAtt./Ampl.XL.O.IFFilterEnvelopedetectorRampgeneratorDisplayLPfilterSuperheterodynespectrumanalyzer•L.P.filtercutsoffsignalfrequenciesapproachingIF•I.F.mustbehigherthansignalfrequencyfS•L.O.frequencyrange:fromI.F.to(I.F.+fSmax)8Resolution•RBWofI.F.filterselectsthefrequencyresolution•Typicalvaluesarefrom1kHzto1MHz(3dBbandwidth)•Thefilterbandwidthmustbechosendependingonspectralcomponentoftheinputsignal•CISPR16-1standarddefinesthreespecialvaluesofRBW(6dBbandwidth):•200HzforBandA(fs=9-150kHz)•9kHzforBandB(fs=150kHz-30MHz)•120kHzforBandC&D(fs=30-1000MHz)EMIReceiver11PeakDetectorEmissionMeasurements•I.F.filteroutputsignalisnearlysinusoidal•Peakdetectorturnsspectrumanalyzerintoavoltmeter•ThedetectorfollowsthefastestpossiblechangesoftheenvelopeoftheI.F.outputsignal,butnottheinstantaneousvalueoftheI.F.sinewave12Quasi-peakdetectorf9-150kHz0.15-30MHz0.03-1GHzB6200Hz9kHz120kHzTC45ms1ms1msTD500ms160ms550msEmissionMeasurements13R’C’RDCAveragedetectorEmissionMeasurements14ConductedEmissionMeasurementGoal:tomeasurethevoltagenoiseattheACinputpowerportasafunctionoffrequencyFrequencyrange•BandA(9kHz-150kHz),forlightingequipment•BandB(150kHz-30MHz),forgeneralapplicationMainbasicstandards•CISPR11(ISM)•CISPR13(Receivers)•CISPR14(Householdappliances)•CISPR15(LightingEquipment)•CISPR22(ITE)Generalinformation•CISPR16-215LISN(voltageprobe)ACMainsEUTRECEIVERACPortInstrumentation(accordingtoCISPR16-1)•measuringreceiver(quasi-peakandaveragedetectors)•lineimpedancestabilizingnetwork(LISN)•voltageprobeConductedEmissionMeasurementMeasurementSetup16ExampleofLISN,50Ω/50µHR1=1000ΩC1=1µFC2=0.1µFR2=50ΩL1=50µΗR5=0ΩR3=0ΩConductedEmissionMeasurement18LISNConductedEmissionMeasurement20VoltageprobeSupplymainsReceiverX1500Ω(1500-R)ΩRConductedEmissionMeasurement21ConductedEmissionMeasurementVoltageprobe23ComparisonLISN/VoltageProbeEzi50ΩVm50µΗEzi1500ΩVmzlLISNVoltageprobeZi=sourceimpedanceZl=lineimpedanceConductedEmissionMeasurement24EvenforZl=∞,measurementresultscoincideonlyifsourceimpedanceisverylowConductedEmissionMeasurementComparisonLISN/VoltageProbeLISNVoltageprobeEVm≈EVm≈2EVm≈EEVm≈×≈15501500imzEV50×≈imzEV1550×≈0≈izΩ≈50izΩ1550iz∞=lz35Example:ACmotordrive•V=three-phase,400V•P=1kW•IGBTmodules•three-phaseinputfilter•inputandoutputshieldedcables•standardapplied:EN61800-3•measurementwithLISNEUTMeasurementConductedEmissionTestsStatus:FAULT37RadiatedEmissionMeasurementGoal:tomeasuretheelectriccomponentoftheEMfieldradiatedbytheEUTasafunctionoffrequencyFrequencyrange•BandC:30MHz-300MHz•BandD:300MHz-1000MHzMainbasicstandards•CISPR11(ISM)•CISPR22(ITE)Generalinformation•CISPR16-238RadiatedEmissionMeasurementsInstrumentationandsites(accordingtoCISPR16-1)•Receiver(quasi-peakandaveragedetectors)•Antenna•OATSorAnechoicChamber(30m,10mand3mmeasurementdistance)•turntable,antennamust•RadiatedimmunitytestscannotbeperformedinOATS(anechoicchamberrequired)ACMainsEUTRECEIVER43RadiatedEmissionMeasurements50RadiatedEmissionTests•V=three-phase,380V•P=10kW•asynchronousmotors,remotelycontrolledbyswitches•PLCEUTMeasurement•standardapplied:EN50081-1•measurementinanechoicchamber,withturntableandantennamust•verticalpolarizationStatus:FAULTExample:PneumaticCementMixer51RadiatedEmissionTests•Disturbancesmainlygeneratedbycontinuouscommutationofmechanicalswitches•Solution:Capacitorsconnectedinparalleltomechanicalswitches.Status:PASSExample:PneumaticCementMixer69CASESTUDIES•ElectronicballastforUVlamps•(HFGeneratorforWeldinginGlassesManufacturing)•ControlPanelforaLatheLABORATORYTESTRESULTS&CORRECTIVEPROVISIONS70230VcaElectronicballast600Vpp70kHzUVLampBallast71Measuredconductedemissiononphase1ofEUTUVLampBallast72230VcaElectronicballastEMIFilterFerriteFerriteUVLampBallast73EquivalentRFmeasurementcircuitEUT50Ω50ΩLISNIc2Ic1IdLOADUVLampBallastCMcurrentsreturnviastraycapacitancesbetweenloadandground74SolutionUVLampBallastAddingacapacitivepathtoenforceCMcurrentstoreturnviaEUTgroundconnectionEUT50Ω50ΩLISNIc2Ic1IdLOAD75GroundPlane230VcaElectronicballastUVLampBallast76UVLampBallastGroundPlane230VcaElectronicballastEMIFilterC.M.Coil175µHcom.4µHdiff.77UVLampBallast230VcaElectronicballastEMIFilterGroundPlaneC.M.Coil0.5nF150Ω78UVLampBallastElectronicballastEMIFilterGroundPlaneC.M.CoilD.M.Coils86ControlPanelforaLatheControlrackandmotordrives380VcaConductedemissionmeasurementusingvoltageprobeSpindleASpindleBShieldedcables•PLC•Conventionalandswitchingpowersupplies•Motordrivesforspindlesandaxismotion•EMIfilter87Conductedemissionmeasuredwithvoltageprobe:originalEUTwithmotorsturnedonControlPanelforaLathe88Environmentalgroundnoise(EUT“off”)withEMIfilterinsertedinthepowersupplycablebeforevoltageprobeShortWaveMediumWaveControlPanelforaLathe89ControlPanelforaLatheConductedemissionwithEUT“on”withdisconnectedmotordrivesandswitchingpowersupplies(onlyconventionalpowersuppliesareactive)90ConductedemissionwithEUT“on”withdisconnecte