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1KurtA.Rosentrater,Ph.D.LeadScientist,BioprocessEngineerUSDA–ARSNorthCentralAgriculturalResearchLaboratoryBrookings,SouthDakota,USAPelletingofDDGSDDGSasaPotentialAlternativeProteinforAquacultureFeeds2ImportantQuestions•HowdoyouaddvaluetoDDGS?•CanyoupelletDDGS?–How?–Alone,orincombination?–Withbinders?–Arethepelletsgood?•Whataboutotheranimalspecies?–Aquaculture3WhyDensify(Pellet)?•Severaladvantages–Increased•Bulkdensity•Flowability–Angleofrepose–Friction–Lessbridging•Nutrientdensity•Palatability•Nutrientavailability–Reduced•Feedwaste•Dust•Ingredientsegregation•Microbialactivity•Disadvantages–Increased•Spacerequired•Pelletingequipment•Auxiliaryequipment•Steam•Electricity•COST•Potentialbenefits–Improved•Feedconversion•Weightgains•FeedhandlingandstorageGoodforpasturesettings4FeedPelleting•Artvs.science•Pelletquality–25to90%PDI(pelletdurabilityindex)•Pelletingcost–1to9$/ton(dependingonfeed)•Maynotworkforallingredients–Butwillworkformany–IncludingDDGS5FeedPelleting6FeedPelleting+Compactioniskey7FeedPelleting•Feedcompactstoformpellets–Geometryisakeytosuccess•Length(thickness)•Diameter•L/DratioDL8FeedPelleting•Allparametersareimportantduringprocessing–Butsomearemoreimportantthanothers•Composition:40%•Conditioning:20%•Particlesize:20%•Diegeometry:15%•Cooling:5%________________100%9DDGSPelletingStudies•YoucanSUCCESSFULLYpelletDDGS•TodayIwillshare–3pelletingstudies1)Laboratory-scale2)Pilot-scale3)Commercial-scale10Study1–LaboratoryScale•OBJECTIVE–Testfeasibilityofpelleting•Canitbedone?•100%DDGS,nobinders–Examineeffectsonpellets–Establishbaselineinformation11Study1–LaboratoryScale•INDEPENDENTVARIABLES–System:CPMCL3laboratorypelletmill–Product:DDGS,DeoiledDDGS–Diediameter:3/16”,1/4”–Wateraddition:0%,4%4321Run6.0011/21/44Deoiled9.3513/43/164Deoiled9.0021/41/40DDGS9.3513/43/160DDGSL/DLength(in)Diameter(in)Wateraddition(%)Product12Study1–LaboratoryScale•DEPENDENTVARIABLES–Physicalproperties•Moisturecontent•Wateractivity•Color•Particlesize•Thermalproperties–Conductivity–Diffusivity•Bulkdensity•Unitdensity•AngleofRepose•Durability•Strength–Chemical/nutritionalproperties•Moisture•DryMatter•Protein–Crude–HeatDamaged–Available•Fiber–Crude–ADF–NDF•Fat•Ash•TotalStarch•Nitrogen-FreeExtract13Study1–LaboratoryScale•ProcessingConditions4321Run9129122Deoiled17118262Deoiled5.8105226DDGS122072DDGSFines(%)PelletTemp(oF)Throughput(lb/hr)Product14Study1–LaboratoryScale1/4”3/16”DeoiledDDGS1/4”3/16”DDGS2006010Mag.x1533.814.2788.201041.6913.46633.98----14.917.9036.400.3878.403/16”80.20-21.0488.34-PDI(%)1096.86-994.761017.82-Unitdensity(kg/m3)4.20-0.601.69-Mechanicalstrength(MPa)1/4”DeoiledDDGS1/4”3/16”DDGSProperty14.8413.1016.9016.0513.28Angleofrepose(o)659.41457.50610.55569.61473.22Bulkdensity(kg/m3)-0.14--0.14Thermal–diffusivity-0.07--0.07Thermal–conductivity42.02-7.2226.74-Modulusofelasticity(MPa)0.3870.2510.3380.2410.393Wateractivity(-)7.906.107.005.408.00Moisturecontent(%,db)7.638.357.166.4410.25Color–a(-)36.8849.4540.9434.9446.16Color–L(-)-1.81--1.84Particlesize-GSD(mm)-0.72--0.65Particlesize-GMD(mm)14.8919.9818.7215.0423.42Color–b(-)Study1–PhysicalProperties169.014.593.457.9036.1016.0028.604.6033.2091.608.403/16”4.654.714.314.244.28Ash(%)3.452.6011.7511.8511.10Fat-Crude(%)8.158.357.006.759.30Fiber-Crude(%)36.1539.0528.2028.1532.85Fiber-NDF(%)9.078.678.399.407.58TotalStarch(%)7.906.107.005.408.00Moisture(%)1/4”DeoiledDDGS1/4”3/16”DDGSConstituent32.5533.5530.6030.1030.70Protein-Crude(%)92.1093.9093.0094.6092.00DryMatter(%)14.9015.6514.1014.9514.40Fiber-ADF(%)28.2528.9027.0526.8027.70Protein-Available(%)4.304.653.553.303.00Protein-HeatDamaged(%)Study1–NutritionalProperties17Study1–LaboratoryScale•Conclusions–CanpelletDDGSonalaboratoryscale•Bothfull-fatanddeoiled(fractionated)–DifferencesbetweentheseoriginalDDGSmaterials–Effectsofpelleting•Coloralterations–pelletswereslightlydarker•Bulkdensity–increased(20.4to38.6%)•Angleofrepose–increased(20.9to27.3%)•Proximatecomposition–mostlyunchanged–Heatdamagedproteinnegligible–But,thiswaslabscalestudyonly….needtoscaleup18Study2–PilotScaleRun1Run2PelletMillCPM#3016CPM#3016DieLength(in)/DieDiameter(in)(L/D)2.25/0.19(12.0)2.25/0.19(12.0)MeanStDevMeanStDevMilldischargetemp(oF)170.223.87172.903.32Systemmotorload(kW)39.397.8129.821.91Throughput(tons/hr)1.910.391.130.04•OBJECTIVE–TestfeasibilityofpelletingdeoiledDDGS•Scaleuptopilotequipment–ExamineeffectsonpelletsProcessingconditionsusedforpilotscalepelletingofdeoiledDDGS19Study2–PilotScalePelletsDeoiledDDGSRun1Run2PropertyMeanStDevMeanStDevMeanStDevMoisturecontent(%,wb)10.890.257.640.357.520.27Wateractivity(-)0.480.000.360.000.350.00Particlesize-GMD(mm)0.65----------Particlesize-GSD(mm)1.87----------Thermal–conductivity(W/mC)0.080.00--------Thermal–diffusivity(mm2/s)0.120.00--------Color–L(-)45.100.9935.450.4934.620.84Color–a(-)9.000.217.050.427.030.28Color–b(-)19.370.4014.050.6313.740.46Fines(%)----10.003.003.000.00PelletDurabilityIndex(%)----61.971.8271.982.22Bulkdensity(lb/ft3)30.710.0631.960.3535.040.12Angleofrepose(o)14.990.5119.821.6617.870.49Unitden
本文标题:CPM饲料颗粒机机械培训
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