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I立式铣床XY向进给系统设计摘要随着现代信息技术的发展，以提高产品加工的生产效率为主的高度自动化和提高产品质量为主的精密化成为现代机械加工技术发展的两个主要方向。人们对数控机床、精密仪器和仪表以及各种精密机械设备提出了越来越高的精度要求，X-Y工作台是这些设备实现高精密加工的重要部件，对于提高产品的加工起着尤为重要的作用。本论文针对铣床工作台机构及其控制系统进行设计，主要包括伺服电动机的选型，滚珠丝杠的选型、强度校核及生产设计中应注意的问题，连接伺服电机和滚珠丝杠副的联轴器的选型，导轨的设计。根据系统的功能要求，选择数控系统的CPU，同时还需要扩展程序存储器、数据存储器以及步进电机驱动电源的选择。通过对工作台机械传动链的系统设计以期满足机床进给系统的定位精度和静动态性能，从而确保机床的加工精度。关键词：X-Y工作台，伺服系统，滚珠丝杠，步进电机IIForTheDesignOfFeedSystemOfXYVerticalMillingMachineABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofmoderninformationtechniques,thehighautomationwiththemainpurposeofimprovingtheproductionefficiencyofproductprocessandtheaccuracywiththeaccuracywiththemainaimofimprovingthequalityofproducthavebeenbecomingthetwomajordirectionsofthemoderntechniqueofmechanicalprocess.PeopleontheCNCmachinetools,precisioninstrumentsandmetersandallkindsofsophisticatedmachineryandequipmentraisedhigherandhigherprecision,X-Yworkbenchisthatimportantcomponentsofthesehigh-precisionmachiningequipmenttoachievethecorecomponents,forimprovingthequalityofprocessedproductsplaytheparticularlyimportantrole.Theentiremechanicaltransmissionchainforthesystemdesign,servomotorrelatedtotheselection,theselectionofballscrews,checkingstrengthandproductiondesignshouldpayattentiontotheproblemofconnectingtheservomotorandtheballscrewoftheaxis.TheTelectionandVerification,bearingpiecesbearingthedesign,railandrackdesign.Accordingtothefunctionrequirementofsystem,theselectionoftheCNCsystemCPU.Itwouldalsoneedtoexpandtheprogrammemory,datamemoryandthechoiceofsteppermotordrivepower.Throughthetablemechanicaltransmissionchainsystemdesigntomeetthemachineintothesystemtothepositioningaccuracyandstaticanddynamicperformance,soastoensuretheaccuracyofprocessingmachine.KEYWORDS:TheX-Yworkbench,Servosystem,Ballscrew,steppermotorIII目录摘要....................................................................IABSTRACT................................................................II1绪论...................................................................11.1国内外数控系统的发展概况.......................................11.2数控技术的发展趋势................................................11.3数控立式铣床X-Y工作台概述........................................11.4立式铣床XY工作台设计的意义和目的.................................22工作台设计的总体方案...................................................32.1工作台设计任务....................................................32.2机械传动部件的选择................................................32.3控制系统的设计....................................................33机械传动部件的计算与选型...............................................53.1确定系统脉冲当量..................................................53.2工作台外形尺寸及重量初步估算......................................53.3铣削力的计算......................................................63.4直线滚动导轨副的计算与选型........................................63.5滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算与选型........................................73.6角接触球轴承的选用、校核..........................................93.8联轴器的选型.....................................................104步进电动机的计算与选型................................................124.1步进电机简介及原理...............................................124.2步进电机的计算与选型.............................................124.2.1计算加在步进电动机转轴上的总转动惯量.......................124.2.2计算加在步进电动机转轴上的等效负载转矩.....................134.2.3步进电动机最大静转矩的选定.................................144.2.4步进电动机的性能校核.......................................145电路设计..............................................................165.1电气控制系统设计.................................................165.2主要芯片功能简介.................................................165.2.1单片机8031.................................................165.2.22764EPROM芯片..............................................175.2.3静态PAM6264芯片...........................................18IV5.2.48155内部结构...............................................185.2.5地址锁存器74LS373..........................................196接口及辅助电路设计....................................................206.1LED显示器接口电路...............................................206.1.1LED显示器工作原理..........................................206.1.2LED显示器与单片机的接口电路................................206.2步进电机接口电路.................................................216.3步进电机驱动电路设计.............................................216.4键盘接口电路.....................................................227软件部分设计..........................................................247.1模块组成.........................................................247.2缓冲区设置.......................................................247.2.1KB缓冲区...................................................247.2.2显示缓冲区.................................................247.3中断优先级.......................................................247.4各模块说明及流程图...............................................247.4.1主模块.....................................................247.4.2X、Y的快速移动子模块.......................................257.4.3暂停子模块.................................................257.4.4报警、急停中断子模块.......................................257.4.5KB、DIS定时扫描子程序......................................257.4.6实时修改DIS缓冲数据模块..........