三、数控试验台电器原理图分析(1)断路器(2)接触器(3)继电器(3)灭弧器(4)电源电器(5)熔断器(6)开关电器(7)控制按钮(8)指示灯华中数控1、数控维修实验台电器元件清单1)HNC-21TF数控装置;2)西门子/日立变频器及三相异步电机;3)松下/三洋交流伺服及交流伺服电机;4)雷塞步进电机驱动器及步进电机;5)工作台;6)四工位刀架;7)光栅尺;8)磁粉制动器;9)数控机床常用的电器部件,2、电气原理(主要包括电源回路、动作回路;注意:强电控制动作,弱电控制强电)1)强电回路图(电源回路)(1)反映各部件所需电源的来源情况(2)反映直接使用交流强电的部件控制情况2)交流控制回路(动作回路)(1)负载电路的互锁控制(2)不便通过直流控制的回路3)直流控制回路(动作回路)(1)急停回路(2)PLC信号控制回路3)其他(1)各部件接线图(主轴驱动或变频器、进给驱动、手摇等)(2)PLC信号定义220A220B10024V220CW2V2U2GND+V1W1V1U1WZVZUZW11V11U11UVWUVW+T-KM19A伺服变压器+T-TC2(0.2KVA)380VAC/220VAC伺服驱动主轴变频器控制变压器+T-TC1/750W总开关+T-QF1/10A+T-QF2/6ARST+T-KM29AL1L2L3刀架电机MS3~200WZ轴伺服电机X轴步进服电机B+A-A+步进驱动200WB-1、刀架互锁控制回路2、伺服驱动控制电源步进驱动控制电源伺服驱动动力电源1、CNC电源2、急停回路控制电源3、PLC板电源4、伺服驱动逻辑电源5、变频器信号回路6、电磁阀电源AC380VAC220VAC24V整流桥(AC24V/DC36V)开关+T-QF4/3A开关电源+T-VC1/6.5A开关+T-QF3/3ACNC系统、交流伺服驱动器、步进驱动、主轴变频器、刀架电机、PLC、电磁阀、急停回路1、交流伺服驱动器(动力)电源(AC200V)伺服电机;伺服驱动控制电源(AC220V);伺服驱动逻辑电源(DC24V);2、步进驱动(动力、控制)电源(DC36V)步进电机;3、主轴变频器(AC380V)主轴电机;4、刀架电机(AC380V);刀架电机控制回路电源(AC220);5、CNC系统电源(DC24V);6、PLC板电源(DC24V);急停控制回路电源(DC24V);刀架电机控制继电器板KA4+T-KM1刀架正转A2A112继电器板KA5+T-RC2+T-KM2刀架反转A2A112+T-KM2+T-KM1K7K8K9K10113114220A220B+T-RC1控制:刀架正、反转接触器的线圈通断(接触器接线端子:主触点、辅助触点、线圈接线端子)急停与超程解除的设计HNC-21数控装置操作面板和手持单元上,均设有急停按钮,用于:当数控系统或数控机床出现紧急情况,需要使数控机床立即停止运动或切断动力装置(如伺服驱动器等)的主电源;当数控系统出现自动报警信息后,须按下急停按钮。急停回路24V+P-CBD-SB2100+P-CBD-SB1127J3/OT1J3/OT2J3/ES1J3/ES3外部运行允许急停超程解除(OTBS2)(OTBS1)(ESTOP1)(ESTOP3)X00X01201+M-SQX-3+M-SQX-1X02X03202+M-SQZ-1204+M-SQZ-3128继电器板KA9K24K2324V1继电器板KA10K18K17J3/015伺服允许CNC(100)24V24VG+5VXS20417ESTOP3ESTOP2图2.10.1急停与超程解除信号内部电路关系和外部电路建议接法HNC-21手持单元XS8417急停按钮ESTOP3ESTOP1急停按钮316OTBS2OTBS1超程解除按钮24V地+24V轴1+超程限位开关轴1-超程限位开关轴2+超程限位开关轴2-超程限位开关轴3+超程限位开关轴3-超程限位开关轴4+超程限位开关轴4-超程限位开关图中粗实线为急停回路,细实线为超程解除回路;KA为中间继电器,用于控制伺服、主轴等强电;建议该继电器的一个常开触点进入PLC开关量输入点,用于产生外部运行允许信号。KA华中数控`100--++24V24V100100KA9KA10KA1KA2KA3KA4KA5KA6KA7KA8-+-+X2310024v124v0110100908015014013012OT2ES1ES3OT1506509505509220A112220A111J3J210932547681121113161514181719212023222524J112712824V127KA910024v1Y1712824V数控装置为此设计了接口电路相关信号如下表所示序号信号名信号说明所在接口接口脚号接口说明接口型号1ESTOP2急停回路端子XS84手持接口DB25(头孔座针)2ESTOP3急停回路端子17XS2017O0--O15开关量输出接口DB25(头针座孔)3ESTOP1急停回路端子44OTBS1超程解除端子35OTBS2超程解除端子16100201X04X01X00202100201127204X05X02X03202100204x轴限位开关2X轴负极限X轴正极限100201100X轴参考点-SQX-2-SQX-3-SQX-1X04X01X00201202COMCOMCOMNCNCNONONOZ轴负极限Z轴正极限100204202Z轴参考点-SQZ-2-SQZ-3-SQZ-1X05X03X02204127COMCOMCOMNCNCNONONOz轴限位开关2x轴限位开关1RVVP4*2*0.21786+T-XT4接线端子2.5米103X00201100202X01+E-WE2201100X049X00100X04X01202201焊到限位开关压叉子(1.5-3)X轴限位开关-SQX-2-SQX-3-SQX-1剥开280mm剥开150mm剥开220mm说明:注意接线端子上的编号z轴限位开关145122+T-XT4接线端子19X02204202127204+E-WE3X03100X0511X03X02100202X05204127焊到限位开关压叉子(1.5-3)RVVP4*2*0.212.5米Z轴限位开关剥开280mm剥开150mm剥开220mm-SQZ-2-SQZ-1-SQZ-3手摇脉冲接口接线图24VG14,15,1,2,678910111213453,161718192021222324255VG+5VHBHAO28O29O30O31I32I33I34I35I36I37I38I39ESTOP3ESTOP2+24VXS8AB+5V5VGPEAB+5V5VG杆型接线柱压叉子(OT1.5-6)RVVP4*0.210.8米短接+E-WE4综合实验台信号输入示意图100X轴正限位X轴负限位Z轴正限位X轴回零Z轴回零+T-KA9外部运行允许24VX00X10X01X02X03X04X05X06X07X11X12X13X14X15X16X17X20X21X22X2324VG14,15,1,2,I06789101112134516171819202122232425I0I1I2I3I4I5I6I7I8I9I10I11I12I13I14I15I16I17I18I1914,15,1,2,6789101112134516171819202122232425+P-XS10+M-SQX-1+M-SQZ-3+M-SQZ-1+M-SQX-3+M-SQX-1+M-SQZ-2Z轴负限位电源ON伺服准备好变频器故障输入手摇选择X轴59手摇选择Z轴K1K01号刀2号刀3号刀4号刀+E-WEPLCX电源ON允许31/02/B471/02/D371/02/D250/01/D241/01/D241/01/D241/01/D201/01/A924V24VG+5V信号逻辑地PLC输入互联电缆DB25头针座孔电柜PLC输入端子板插头、座25芯头针座孔100100X16X14X12X10X06X04X02X00X20X01X05X03X07X11X15X13100X21X17100-XP1024VG24VG24VGI15I13I11I9I7I5I3I1I17I0I2I6I4I8I10I14I12I1624VG+E-WEPLCX+P-XS10+T-APHX1RVVP25X0.21RVVP25*0.2110932122052342272562481121113161514181719109325476811211131615141817192120232225241001001001001093254768112111310932547681121113161514181719212023222524161514181719212023222524A?100100100100X16X14X12X10X06X04X02X00X20X01X05X03X07X11X15X13X21X17X16X14X12X10X06X04X02X00X20X01X05X03X07X11X15X13X21X17PLC输入互联电缆I19I18X23X22X23X22X23X220.7m10024V24VG+5V信号逻辑地伺服复位24V24V24VG+5VX2.3→Y1.6→X1.7→Y1.7→X2.0伺服复位PLC输出互联电缆DB25头孔座针电柜PLC输出板25芯头孔座针PLC输出互联电缆1093212205234227256248112111316151418171910932547681121113161514181719212023222524-XP52+T-XS52Y14Y12Y10Y06Y04Y02Y00Y01Y03Y05Y07Y11Y13Y17100100100Y14Y12Y10Y06Y04Y02Y00Y01Y03Y05Y07Y11Y13Y17100+E-WEPLCYRVVP25X0.21Y15Y16128127Y15Y16128127127100100Y14Y12Y10Y06Y04Y02Y00Y01Y03Y05Y07Y11Y13Y17100Y15Y161281271093254768112111310932547681121113161514181719212023222524161514181719212023222524-XP20100100100127100100100127100100RVVP25*0.210.8m华中数控`100--++24V24V100100KA9KA10KA1KA2KA3KA4KA5KA6KA7KA8-+-+X2310024v124v0110100908015014013012OT2ES1ES3OT1506509505509220A112220A111J3J210932547681121113161514181719212023222524J112712824V127KA910024v1Y1712824V华中数控华中数控24V24VG+5V--++24V24V100100KA1KA2KA3KA4KA5KA6KA7KA80110100908015014013012OT2ES1ES3OT1K4K3K2K1K8K7K6K5K12K11K10K9K15K14K13K16J3J210932547681121113161514181719212023222524J112712824V127KA9100Y0.4,刀架反转Y0.3,刀架正转继电器板KA4+T-KM1刀架正转A2A112继电器板KA5+T-RC2+T-KM2刀架反转A2A112+T-KM2+T-KM1K7K8K9K10113114220A220B+T-RC1W2V2U2+T-KM29A刀架电机+T-KM19A世纪星电源电缆线32547613254176(针)(孔)24VGPE24VG+24V+24V100PE10024V24V电源插座+P-XS1电源插头+P-XP1+T-SDMZ