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3(200433;A&M)::(1);(2);(3);(4);(5),;,;:3,,(),,,,,,;,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,31120052,,,,,,,100101,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,(),:,20,,,,,;,,,;,,,,,:?,?,,?,?,?,,,??,,:,,,:(1);(2);(3);(4);(5),,,,,,,,11,(economicenvironment),,,411::(1)(2),,,;,,,,,,,:,,,,:,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,(characteristic)()();;,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,:(),,:()(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1976(Friedman),,,,,,(R1Lucas)(T1Sargent):;51120052(),;,,,,,,,,,1995,2004(F1E1Kydland)(E1C1Prescott),1980,:;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(thesecondbest)(),(),,[,:(thefirstbest)],,,[(hiddenaction)],[(hiddeninformation)];,;(exante),(interim),(expost);(collusion);(renegotiation);,,,,,,,,(J1Mirrlees)(W1Vickrey)(G1Akerlof)(M1Spence)(J1Stiglitz),1996200121,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,611:,,,,,,,,,:,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,!,,,,:,,,,,,1980(HerbertSimon),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,31,,,,,,,,,,,30,,,,,(),71120052,;,,,,,,(),,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,?41,,,?(),,,,,,,,;,,,(),(),,51,,,,,,(),;,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,811:,,,,,,,,,,:,,(),,,,,(),,,(incentivecompatibility),,,,,,30,,,,,,(R1Coase)1960(TheProblemofSocialCost),,,,::,:,,,:(),,,(),,,,,,,(),,,,,,,(quasi2linear),,:,(Hurwicz,1995):,,(Arrow,1979),,,,AivazianCallen(1981),(economiccore),,Starrett(1972),,,,,,(,)91120052,,,,,,,(JohnS1Chipman,1998),,,,1991(Nash),1951,,,,,,,,19501994,,,:,:,,:,,::,,,,,,(Arrow2Debreu),,,:(),,:,:;;:,;,;,,::();,()(Leo1Hurwicz),,,,,,:,():,,:,::,,,,021:Nash1950,,,,,,,,,11,,,:(1),;(2),(3):,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,30,(,,),:,,,,(,,,),(),,(),,,,,,,,,,,,12120052,:,,,,,21,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,31:,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;();,30,,?,?,,,,221:,(),,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,41,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,51,,,,:(1),,(2),,,,,,,,(),,()(quasi2linear)(3),,,,,,Scarf(1960),(4),,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,61:(1),,;(2)32120052,;(3),:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:(1);(2),(3);(4);(5),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,827http:PP(),2004http:PPeconweb.tamu.eduPtianPmcy96.htmAivazian,V.A.,andJ.L.Callen,TheCoaseTheoremandtheEmptyCore,JournalofLawandEconomics,24(1981),175181.Arrow,K.J.,TheOrganizationofEconomicActivity:IssuesPertinenttotheChoiceofMarketversusNonmuarketAllocation,in:TheAnalysisandEvaluationofpublicExpenditures:ThePPBSystem,1969.Arrow,K.J.,ThePropertyRightsDoctrineandDemandRevelationunderIncompleteInformation,inMichaelJ.Boskin(ed.),EconomicsandHumanWelfare:EssaysinHonorTiborScitovsky,NewYork:AcademicPress,2339.Arrow,KandG.Debreu,ExistenceofEquilibriumforaCompetitiveEconomy,Econometrica,1954,22.Chipman,J.S.ACloseLooktotheCoaseTheorem,inTheEconomistsVision:EssaysinModernEconomicPerspectives,eds.byJamesandBuchananandBettinaMonissen,FrankfurPMmain:CampusVerlag,1998,131162.Coase,R.,TheProblemofSocialCost,JournalofLawandEconomics,3(1960),144.Debreu,G.(1959),TheoryofValue,(Wiley,NewYork).Hurwicz,L.,OnInformationalDecentralizedSystems,DecisionandOrganization,Radner,R.andC.B.McGuire,eds.,inHonorofJ.Marschak,(North2Holland),297336,1972.Hurwicz,L.,WhatistheCoaseTheoremJapanandtheWorldEconomy,7(1995),4974.Nash,J.(1951).Non2cooperativegames,AnnalsofMathematics,54,286295.Scarf,H.,SomeExamplesofGlobalInstabilityoftheCompetitiveEquilibrium,InternationalEconomicReview,1(1960),157172.Samuelson,P.,SomeUneasinesswithCoaseTheorem,JapanandtheWorldEconomy7(1995),17.421:,,,Starrett,D.A.,FundamentalNonconvexitiesintheTheoryofExternalities,JournalofEconomicTheory,4(1972),180199.Tian,G.LectureNotesonMicroeconomicTheory,TexasA&MUniversity,2004.http:PPeconweb.tamu.eduPtianPclass.htm.TheBasicAnalyticalFrameworkandMethodologiesinModernEconomicsTianGuoqiang(ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics&TexasA&MUniversity)Abstract:Thepaperdiscussesthebasicanalyticalframeworkthatistypicallyusedtostudyparticulareconomicissuesandquestionsthateconomistsareinterestedin.Theanalyticalframeworkusuallyconsistsoffivesteps:(1)characterizingeconomicenvironments,(2)specifyingbehaviorassumptions,(3)providinganinstitutionarrangement,(4)choosinganequilibrium,and(5)makingevaluations.Thepaperalsodiscussesthebasicanalyticalmethodswidelyadoptedinmoderneconomics,suchasprovidingvariousanalyticalplatforms,establishingreferencesystems,givingmeasuringcriterions,developinganalyticaltools,noticingtheboundaryandarrangeofantheory,etc.Understandingthegeneralanalyticalframeworkandmethodologiescanhelptoclassifysomemisunderstandingsaboutmoderneconomics,andcanalsohelptousethebasiceconomicsprincipleordevelopneweconomictheoriestosolveeconomicproblemsundervariouseconomicenvironments,differenthumanbehaviorandinstitutionarrangements.KeyWords:AnalyticalFramewwork;ResearchMethod;ReferenceSystem;AnalyticalToolJELClassification:B40,B41.(:)(:)20051955,1998,2000,2002,(CSSCI),,20002001,1616,8096,,2004,96128,2005,10.50,126,2251,:,:,:0200049209024900744:2,:100836:(010)68034153;:(010)68032260::erj@.cass.org.cn52120052