贷款损失控制

精品资料网（）25万份精华管理资料，2万多集管理视频讲座精品资料网（）专业提供企管培训资料贷款损失控制造成贷款损失的主要原因1.Inattentiontoloanpolicies2.Overlygenerousloantermsandlackofclearstandards3.Disregardofbank’sownpolicies4.Unsafeconcentrationofcredit5.Poorcontroloverloanpersonnel6.Loangrowthbeyondthebank’sabilitytocontrolquality7.Poorsystemsfordetectingloanproblems8.Lackofunderstandingofborrower’scashneeds9.Out-of-marketlending10.Collateralovervalued;improperlymarginedandfailuretogetappraisal11.Dispersaloffundsbeforedocumentationfinished12.Officermaking“goodoleboy”loans,bypassingtheloancommittee,personalfriendshipofloanofficerwithborrower13.Loantoanewbusinesswithaninexperiencedowner-manager14.Renewingaloanforincreasingamounts,withnoadditionalcollateraltaken15.Repeatedlyrewritingloantocoverdelinquentinterestdue16.Notanalyzingborrower’scashflowsandrepaymentcapacity17.Failureofofficertoreviewloan’sstatusfrequentlyenough18.Fundsnotappliedasrepresented,divertedtoborrower’spersonaluse19.Fundsusedoutofbank’smarketarea;poorcommunicationswithborrower20.Repaymentplannotclearornotstatedonthefaceofthenote21.Failuretoreceiveorinfrequentreceiptofborrower’sfinancialstatements22.Failuretorealizeoncollateralbecauseborrowerraisednuisancelegaldefenses23.Bank’sfailuretofollowitsownwrittenpoliciesandprocedures24.Bankpresidenttoodominantinpushingthroughloanapprovals25.Ignoringoverdraftsituationasatip-offtoborrower’smajorfinancialproblems26.Failuretoinspectborrower’sbusinesspremises27.Lendingagainstfictitiousbooknetworthofbusiness,withnoauditorverificationofborrower’sfinancialstatements28.Failuretogetorignoringnegativecreditbureaureportsorothercreditreferences29.FailuretocallloanortomoveagainstcollateralquicklywhendeteriorationbecomesobviouslyhopelessLoanreview:aregularlyreviewingaftertheloanhavemade（1）Toreduceloanlossesandmonitorloanquality（2）Todetectactualorpotentialproblemloansasearlyaspossible（3）Toprovideanincentiveforloanofficerstomonitorloansandtoreportdeteriorationintheirownloans（4）Toenforceuniformdocumentation（5）Toensurethatloanpolicies,bankinglaws,andregulationsarefollowed（6）Toinformmanagementandtheboardabouttheoverallconditionoftheloanportfolio（7）ToaidinestablishingloanlossreserveLoanreviewprocedures（1）Financialconditionsandrepaymentabilityoftheborrower（2）Completenessofdocumentation（3）Consistencywiththeloanpolicy（4）Perfectionofthesecurityinterestoncollateral（5）Legalandregulatorycompliance（6）ApparentprofitabilityCorrectingproblemloans（1）Anyunexplainedchangeintheborrower’sattitudetowardtheloanofficer（2）Unexpecteddeclinesinborrower’sdepositbalancesandtheoccurrenceofoverdraft（3）Latepaymentofprincipalandinterest（4）Abnormaldelaysbytheborrowerinsubmittingperiodicfinancialstatements（5）Disturbingtrendsinfinancialstatements（6）Managementturnover（7）Cancellationofinsurance（8）Securityinterestfiledagainsttheborrowerbyothercreditors（9）Noticeoflawsuit,taxliens,orotherlegalactionagainsttheborrower（10）Deterioratingrelationswithtradesupplies（11）Deathorillnessofprincipals（12）Maritaldifficultiesofprincipals（13）Lossofkeysourceofrevenue（14）Deteriorationoflaborrelations（15）Naturaldisaster（16）Rapidgrowth贷款分级制度贷款级别检查周期贷款性质特别说明A360天顶级1.Unsecuredloanstoverysubstantialcompanieswithunquestionablefinancialstrength2.Loansadequatelysecuredbysurrendervalue,governmentbond,Cds,orsavingsaccounts3.LoanswellsecuredbylistedstocksB180天良好1.LoanswheretheriskisreasonablebuttheoverallsituationislessdesirablethangradeA2.Loansadequatelysecuredbylistedstocks3.Loansgenerouslysecuredbyreceivables,inventory,andotherreadilymarketablecollateralC90天一般1.Loansthatrequiremorethanaverageserviceandattentiontocollateralandfinancialinformationorcounseling2.Loansforwhichcollateralvaluesarelessthanstandard3.Loansthatarenotconformingtotherepaymentschedulebutarenotseriouslypastdue.Credit-worthinessofcollateralvaluesareevidenceD30天差1.Unusuallyhighclassifiedthatrequireconstantsupervision