跨国公司与欧盟经济一体化

华中科技大学博士学位论文跨国公司与欧盟经济一体化姓名：陆芳申请学位级别：博士专业：西方经济学指导教师：刘海云20061031III208080GSMIIIAbstractIntegrationgraduallyhadbecomeanimportantphenomenoninworldsincetheWorldWarII.Asthesameperiod,thedevelopmentandextensionofthepost-warTransnationalCorporations(TNCs)becameanotherimportanteconomicphenomenon.Fromtheintegrationprocessofworldeconomy,wecanfindthatmoderninternationaleconomicintegrationcarriedbothonmicro-levelandmacro-levelandinternationaleconomicintegrationwastheunityofthetwolevels.Themacro-levelofeconomicintegrationcarriesonbycountriesalongtothesameareas,inwhichthefactorsincludingtradeandcapitalthathindertheeconomicconnectionshadbeeneliminatedbypolicies.Evenasuper-nationalcoordinationorganizationhadbeenestablishedtocoordinatethepolicies.Themicro-levelofeconomicintegrationcarriesonbytransnationalcorporations.TheywillpromoteandenhancetheeconomicconnectandinterdependencerelationsamongthecountrieswithinthesameregionthroughtheactivitiesasFDI,internationalproductionandtransnationaltradeandsoon.Therefore,thetransnationalcorporationsarealsotheimportantstrengththatpushsforwardtheeconomicintegrationandeconomicdevelopmentintheworld.Butinalongperiodtheresearchesforhowthetransnationalcorporationsinfluencetheconomicintegrationarenotsystematic.Owingtothis,thispaperusestherelatedtheoreticalanalysisinpoliticaleconomics,internationaleconomics,macroscopicandmicroscopiceconomicsetc.andanalysesthebehavioroftransnationalcorporationsintwolevelstoshowthepromotiontoEuropeanintegrationbytransnationalcorporations.ThispaperdividestheresearchonhowtransnationalcorporationsinfluencetheEuropeaneconomicintegrationintotwolevels.Firstly,thepaperstudystheinfluenceonthepoliticallevelandhowtransnationalcorporationsactasainterestgroupsandlobbytoEuropeanpolicy-makingbody.Secondly,thepaperstudystheinfluencefromeconomiclevel.ThepaperstudyshowthetransnationalcorporationsstrengthentheeconomicrelationshipamongEuropeancountriesthroughtheactionssuchasFDI,intra-firmtradeandcross-borderM&Aetc.IVInmodernsociety,interestgroupisacontemporarypoliticalpowerthatiswidespreadexistenceinsociety.Firstly,thispaperanalyzestheuniquecharacteristicsofTNCsinterestgroupinEuropeanUnion.Thenthepaperfurtheranalyzesthespecialmulti-levelpolicy-makingmechanisminEuropeanUnionandthegamemodelofpolicy-makingprocess.Atlast,thepaperuseEuropeanRoundTableasanexampletoshowthepromotionbylargeTNCsintheofEuropeanIntegrationprocess.AftertheWorldWarII,FDIcarriedbytransnationalcorporationsdevelopedquicklyintheworld.ThispaperanalyzestheFDIfromUStoEuropeanUnioncountriesandtheFDIamongEuropeancountriesandpointsoutthatthetwokindsofFDIbotharethemainfactorswhichpushEuropeanindustrydivisiontransitfromverticallabordivisionamongcountiestoinherent-industrylabordivisionamongproducts.Furthermore,thepaperpointsoutthattheFDIbyTNCsinEuropeancountriesalsohelpstheestablishmentoftheintegrationinternationalproductionsystemsanduseFordcorporation’sproductioninEuropeancountriesasanexampletoproveit.Atlast,thepaperpointsoutthatthedevelopmentofFDIamongEuropeancountriesalsourgestheadjustmentofEuropeantaxpolicyandinvestmentpolicy.AftertheWorldWarII,intra-firmtradecarriedonrapidlyintheworld.Atthesametime,intra-industrytradecametocatchtheattentioninworldtrade.Thispaperanalysesthecharacteristicandinnatecharacterofthetwokindsoftradeterms,andpointsoutthecloserelationshipbetweenthem.Becauseitisdifficulttogettheintra-firmtradedataofEuropeanTNCs,thepaperusetheintra-industrytradedatatoanalyzeEuropeantradeintegrationprocess.Thedataofintra-industrytradeinEuropeancountriesandthedataofintrabloctradeshareandtradeintensityindicesshowthattheintra-industrytradeinEuropeancountriesincreasedandtheintrabloctradeshareandtradeintensityindicesalsoincreaseasthesametime.Furthermore,theintra-industrytradeinEuropeancountriesalsopushsforwardthetransitionoftradepolicyfromprotectiontradepolicytostrategictradepolicy.After80’sin20thcentury,theFDIbyEuropeantransnationalcorporationsmadearapidincreaseandinternationalM&AhadalargerproportioninthenewlysettingupinvestmentoftotalFDI.Firstly,thispaperanalysesthecharacteristicsofinternationalVM&AamongTNCsinEuropeancountries.Then,thepaperanalysesthechallengestoEuropeanCompetitivePolicyfromthis.Thispaperpointsoutthecross-borderM&ApromotesthemarketconcentrationinEuropeanbankingindustry.Thepaperalsotestifythecross-borderM&AcanaccomplishthescaleeconomythroughanexampleofVodafoneandMannesmann.Atlast,thesuccessfulM&AalsocanblendthefirmcultureandtheracecultureofEuropeancountriesandstrenghentheeconomicrelationshipamongEuropeancountries.ThetechnologicalstandardstrategyoftheTNCistheimportanceofitstechnologicalstrategy.ThispaperpointoutthenecessityandpossibilityofTNCowingthetechnologicalstandardonthebasesofeconomicanalyzingtothetechnologicalstandard.Therefore,thetechnologicalstandardisofimportancebothtotransnationalcorporationsandtoEuropeaneconomicintegration.ThepapermodifythetechnologicalstandardalliancecanestablishonetechnicalstandardthroughtheestablishmentofGSMstandardasanexample.Becauseofthepublicnature,technologicalstandardalso