物流企业仓单质押融资模式研究

I摘要仓单质押贷款融资业务是物流企业与金融企业合作的创新产物，是传统的储运业向现代物流发展的一项延伸业务。仓单质押业务的开展，成功的将物流、商流、信息流、资金流进行了融合，实现了贷款企业、银行、物流企业等经济参与者的共赢。因此仓单质押业务自开展以来，就获得了广泛的认可并迅速发展起来。仓单质押作为一种物流金融产品，通过物流企业作为第三方担保人，有效地规避了金融风险，可以在相当长的一段时间里，解决我国信用体系不健全的问题。因此，对第三方物流企业来讲，要想在激烈的竞争中扩大业务渠道，增加生存空间，就必须能正确、有效地开展仓单质押业务。本文主要从物流企业的角度出发，针对“物流企业如何开展仓单质押业务，扩大增值服务范围”这一主题进行了深入的研究和探讨。关键字：仓单质押，业务模式，风险管理及优化，物流企业IIAbstractWarehousereceiptpledgeloanisthelogisticsenterpriseswithfinancialenterprisecooperationinnovationproduct,anditisalsoanextensionbusinessofthetraditionalstorageandtransportationbusinesstothemodernlogistics.Warehousereceiptpledgeloanintegratesbusinesslogistics,businessflow,informationflowandcapitalflowintegrationsuccessfully.Anditobtainedrapiddevelopmentbecauseofthethreesquarewin-win.Asalogisticsfinancialproduct,warehousereceiptpledgingavoidsthefinancialriskseffectivelybecauseofthelogisticsenterprises’guarantee.Soinquitelongperiodoftime,itishelpfultosolvethecurrentproblemofunsoundcreditsystem.Forthethirdpartylogisticsenterprises,theymustcarryoutthewarehousereceiptpledgecorrectlyandeffectivelyinordertoexpandbusinesschannelsandlivingspaceduringthefiercecompetitiveenvironment.ButInthelogisticsenterprisesinthedevelopmentofwarehousereceiptpledgingprocess,thelogisticsenterprisesshouldpayattentiontothepotentialrisksofwarehousereceiptpledging,findoutandsolvetheproblems.Inthisprocess,logisticsenterprisescanmakefulluseofthequalitativeanalysisandquantitativeanalysismethodstobeused.Thisarticlemainlyaround“Howlogisticsenterprisesbasedonwarehousereceiptpledgeloanfinancingtoexpandthescopeofvalue-addedlogisticsservices”thistopiccarriedoutin-depthstudyanddiscussion.Keywords：Warehousereceiptpledgeloan，Businessmodel，Riskmanagementandoptimization，Logisticsenterprisei目录前言........................................................................................................................................11仓单的内容简介.....................................................................................................................31.1仓单的概念及性质.......................................................................................................31.2仓单的制式...................................................................................................................31.3仓单的内容...................................................................................................................41.4仓单的功能...................................................................................................................42仓单质押业务简介.................................................................................................................62.1仓单质押的概念及原理...............................................................................................62.2仓单质押业务的核心及其注意事项...........................................................................62.3目前国内外仓单质押的发展现状...............................................................................62.3.1国外仓单质押业务的现状.................................................................................62.3.2国内仓单质押业务的现状.................................................................................72.3.3我国有关仓单质押业务的学术讨论.................................................................82.4开展仓单质押贷款业务的意义...................................................................................93仓单质押的业务模式及其运作流程...................................................................................103.1一般模式.....................................................................................................................103.2拓展模式.....................................................................................................................123.2.1动态质押监管...................................................................................................123.2.2异地质押监管...................................................................................................123.2.3保兑仓...............................................................................................................133.2.4融通仓...............................................................................................................143.2.5授信融资模式...................................................................................................143.2.6违约的融资模式...............................................................................................153.3仓单质押的业务模式对比分析.................................................................................164物流企业在仓单质押贷款业务中的风险分析及规避措施...............................................174.1物流企业运营和监管风险.........................................................................................174.1.1质押物鉴别风险...............................................................................................18ii4.1.2质押物监管风险...............................................................................................184.1.3其他风险...........................................................................................................184.2物流企业针对风险的规避措施............................................