建筑给水排水和消防设计说明书与计算书实例

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┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊远洋大厦建筑给水排水和消防设计【设计总说明】本建筑主楼建筑高度为97.4米,共25层,地上23层,地下2层。总建筑面积14880m2,一层为4.7米,二、三层为4.3米,四层3.9米,五~二十三层为3.8米,地下一、二层为4.0米,地下一、二层为地下车库辆,战时物资库;地下二层中还有设备泵房,配电室等。一~四楼为商场;五楼办公室及小型会议室;六~十六层为办公室每层各有一小会议室,二十三层为多功能厅。给水系统由市政管网供水,采用市政直接供水和水泵两种供水方式相结合。为了避免直接从市政管网抽水,本系统在地下层设置调节水池。由生活给水泵从调节水池抽水至屋顶水箱,屋顶设置10吨不锈钢板水箱。低区为一层至三层,由市政管网直接供水;四层到二十三层由屋顶水箱供水,采用上行下给的给水方式。分为高区和中区,中区为四层至十一层,高区为十二层至二十三层,在十二到十三层之间的管道井中设置减压阀,保证中区水压安全。水箱进水管设置两个浮球阀门,一备一用,根据水箱内水位变化控制水泵的启闭。同时水箱需设置溢流管,高度为高于最高水位20到30mm,排至屋面。采用污、废分流制排水,其中生活污水排入化粪池后进入市政排水管道,生活废水直接排到市政污水管网。卫生间内,在地面坡度方向末端设置地漏。排水横管管径小于De110的,清扫口的直径与管径相同;排水横管管径De110及以上的,清扫口直径取De110。污废水立管合用一个专用通气管,并且按照规范规定专用通气立管每隔二层设H管与污水立管相连。按规范规定,塑料排水立管设置检查口,顶层底层各设一个外,其余每隔六层设置,检查口离地高度为1.0m。屋面雨水单独排入市政雨水系统。屋面雨水采用单斗内排水。内排水的设计计算包括选择布置雨水斗,布置并计算连接管、立管、排出管和埋地管的管径。采用集中热水供应系统,供应范围为二到二十三层卫生间,给水方式为上行下给式。配水系统的泄气由系统中最上部的龙头在放水的同时进行。采用卧式容积式热交换器,进水温度按5℃计,出水温度为60℃,冷水由屋顶水箱供给。为保证热水温度,在立管上设置回水管,采用立管循环方式。回水管需低于立管顶端0.5m接出。本建筑物为二类建筑,属中危险级。分别设置消火栓系统和自动喷水灭火系统。自动喷水灭火系统采用闭式自动喷水灭火系统的湿式喷水灭火系统。消火栓系统分为高区和低区,中间设置减压阀。屋顶设置消防水箱,储存十分钟消防水量18m3,室外共设置五个水泵结合器,通过消防车从室外消火栓补给室内消防系统,其中三个供消火栓系统,两个供自动喷水灭火系统。水泵结合器离建筑墙的距离应保持在15到40米之间,并且离马路保持2米的距离为宜。消防系统必须两路进水,消火栓系统应成环布置。室内消火栓系统采用并联给水,减压阀分区。消火栓口距地面高度为1.1m,在五层与六层之间设置减压阀,即地下二层到四层为低区,五层到二十三层为高区。为保证消火栓栓口处的出水压力不超过50米水柱,在五层至十层之间的消火栓支管上设置减压孔板。为了保证有两个木柱同时到达室内任何地方,主楼室内消火栓的间距不应超过30米,裙房室内消火栓间距不应超过50米。所以,主楼设有四根消火栓立管,其中两根分别位于两个消防前室(消防前室必须设置消火栓);裙楼也设有一根消火栓立管。高低区消火栓各自成环,同时相互成环,分别位于二十三层、五层、四层及地下二层。本建筑属于中危险级,其中地上部分为中危险级Ⅰ级,地下一层、二层车库属于中危险级Ⅱ级。在建筑的办公室、商场、会议室等公共活动场所、走廊、地下车库等处均应设置闭式自动喷水灭火系统。重要设备用房等不宜用水消防的部位设置二氧化碳或干粉灭火器。地下车库和设备间采用直立式上喷式喷头,其余均采用标准喷头。共设四套湿式报警阀系统,分别为地下二层到三层、四层到八层、九层至十三层、十四至二十三层。【关键词】建筑给水排水;给水系统;热水系统;消火栓系统;喷淋系统ShanghaiBaifanWaterWastewaterandFireDesignWater&WastewaterEngineeringBoLiu┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊TeacherYongjiZhang,NaiyunGao【GeneralSpecification】The23-floorbuilding,underground2layer,theheightofthebuilding97.4.Totalareaofbuilding14880m2,andtheheight:2-3-4.3m,5-23-3.8m,4.7mforone,3.9mforfour,substrataof4m.Watersuppliesbythemunicipalwatersupplypipenetwork,theuseofdirectmunicipalwaterandtwowaterpumpsmethodofcombining.Toavoiddirectlypumpingwaterfromthemunicipaladministrationpipenetwork,thesysteminstalledinthebasementregulatingpond.Fromlivingadjustmenttothepumpfromthepondpumpedtotherooftanks,roofsinstalled10tonsofstainlesssteeltanks.Lowregion,1Fto3F,getswaterfromthemunicipalwatersupplypipenetworkdirectly;4Fto23Fgetswaterfromtherooftankwater.Dividedintohighregionwhichisfromthe11thfloorto23thfloorandthemiddleregionisfromthe4thfloortothe10thfloor.Apressure-reliefvalveisplacedbetweenthe12thfloorandthe13thfloortoguaranteedsecurityzonepressure.Watermainsinstalledintotwofloatvalves,onewithaprepared,inaccordancewithchangesinwaterlevelwithinthetankpumpscontroloftherisingsun.Alsobeequippedwithwatertanksoverflowpipe,abovethemaximumheightofthewaterlevelfrom20to30mm,thewaytoroof.Useofsewageandwastediversiondrainagesystem,sewagedischargedintoseptictanksenteredthemunicipaldrainage,wastewaterdirectlyintomunicipalsewagepipenetwork.Bathroom,theslopeofthegroundtosetthedirectionoftheendmissed.WangdrainagepipediameterslessthanDe110thesweepingmouthofthesamediameterandthediameter;WangdrainagetubediameterDe110andabove,sweepingfromDe110diameter.SewageandwasteStandpipesharedaspecialventilator.InaccordancewiththenormsandprovisionsoflegislationgoverningspecialventilationlocatedatthesecondfloorofHsewagestandpipeconnected.Accordingtonorms,plasticdrainagetubesetupcheckpoints,setupthetopofthebottomone,theotheratasix-storeyestablishment,Iterrainclearancechecksfor1.0m.Therainwaterfromtheroofarrangesintothemunicipaldrainagesystems.Usesingleroofrainwaterinsidedrainage.Withinthedrainagedesignincludingthechoiceofrainbucketlayout,layoutandcalculatepipe,risers,andthedischargepipeburiedinthediameter.Centralizedwatersupplysystem,thescopeofsupplyforthe2-23floortoilet,Thehotwatersupplymethodisfromthetoptothebottom.Thegaswillgooutwhenthewatercockisopenedtouse.Horizontalusingvolumetricheatexchangerinlettemperatureis5℃,andthetemperatureofthehotwaterheateris60℃.Toensurethewatertemperatureinthelegislationgoverningtheinstallationofwaterpipestousestandpiperevolvingbasis.Returnpipebelowtherequiredlegislationgoverningthetop0.5mtakenpart.Thisbuildingisasecondlevelbuilding,whichbelongstomiddle-dangerouslevel.Therearefirehydrantsystemandautomaticsprinklersystem.Automaticsprinklersystemusesclosedautomaticsprinklersystemwetsprinklersystem.Hydrantsystemisdividedintohighregionandlowregion,middlepressure-reliefvalveinstalled.Afirewatertankisplacedontheroofofthebuilding,whichcontains18m3waterusedto10minutesfirefighting.Thereare5pumpjointapparatussupplyingindoorfirewaterfromfirefightingtrucks,3ofwhichareusedtothefirehydrantsystemand2ofwhichisusedtotheautomaticsprinklersystem.Thepumpjointapparatusmustbefifteentofortymetersfarawayfromthewallofthebuildingandbe2metersfarawayfromtheroadsbest.Firefighting-protectionsystemmustbetwowayflowandhydrantsystemshouldringlayout.Inordertoensureatwopolesindoorarrivedatthesametimeanywhereinthemainbuildi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