经典定语从句课件

Let’splayaguessinggame.1.Itisabook.2.Thebookcantellthemeaningsofwords.3.Itisabookwhichcantellthemeaningsofwords.1.Itisamachine2.Themachinecanflyveryfast.3.Itisamachinethatcanflyveryfast.1.Hewasthefirstperson2.Thepersoninventedthelights.3.Hewasthefirstpersonwhoinventedthelights.1.Shewasthefirstwoman.2.ThewomanwontheNobelPrize.3.ShewasthefirstwomanwhowontheNobelPrize.1.Heisanactor.2.Theactor’sfatherisaveryfamousactionmoviestar.3.Heisanactorwhosefatherisaveryfamousactionmoviestar.1.Itisatool.2.Thetool’sfunctioniscutting.3.Itisatoolwhosefunctioniscutting.Whattypeofclausearetheredpartsintheabovesentences?Itisatoolwhosefunctioniscutting.ShewasthefirstwomanwhowontheNobelPrize.Itisamachinethatcanflyveryfast.Itisabookwhichcantellthemeaningsofwords.theAttributiveClause定语从句•AttributiveClause（定语从句）•概念•在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.定语从句先行词引导词引导词关系代词:who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose、as关系副词:where﹑when﹑why关系代词的三大作用1.连接（主句和定语从句）2.替代（前面的先行词）3.成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的成分）Hefoundthebookthathewanted.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethemachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirl注意避免重复TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.定语从句三要素:先行词,关系词,从句先行词关系词从句Thisistheverybookthatinterestsmemost.先行词关系词从句Relativepronouns:who,whomwhich,that,whose成分代替主语宾语定语人物人/物whowhowhomwhosewhich(which)whosethat(that)whose关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonstealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)ThemanItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemanItalkedisMr.Li.(who)who(whom/who)towhom关系代词3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookcoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanbagwasstolen.whosewhose4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Aplaneisamachinecanfly.(主语)TheletterIreceivedwasfrommyfather.（宾语）Idon’tlikethepeople___talktoomuchbutdolittle.1.that人或物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)whothat(that)Theearthisround,___weallknow.___isknowntoall,theearthisroundasAs定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的as的使用Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。定语从句as的使用1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_____hasbeensaidbefore.which2___everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asas引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，which则没有此义。as的使用(抢答)Letmetry!Letmetry!指出下面各个定语从句中的先行词、关系词。1.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledJack.2.Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.3.Thecar(that/which)heboughtyesterdayisasecond-handone.4.Harryistheboywhosefatherisourmathsteacher.5.Weliveinahousewhosewindowopenstothesouth.(抢答)Letmetry!Letmetry!在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that1.当先行词为everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much,theone等不定代词时。如：Thisbookcontainsmuch/littlethatisuseful.这本书中有很多/没有多少有用的东西。Imeantheonethatwasboughtyesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。2.当先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any等不定代词修饰时。如：Ihavereadallthebook(that)yougaveme.我把你给我的书都看了。Therearesomejobs(that)mencan'tdoverywell.有些工作男人无法做好。3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：Thisisthefirstfilm(that)IhaveseensinceIcamehere.这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。Thisisthebiggestapple(that)Ihaveevereaten.这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。4.先行词既指人又指物时。如：Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschools(that)wehadvisited.我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。5.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。如：Maryistheonlyfriend(that)IhaveinAustralia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。Sheistheverythief(that)thepolicemanislookingfor.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。ThelastplacetheyvisitedwastheSummerPalace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。6.先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：Thisisa