必修四Unit1课文详解杨磊译注1必修四Unit1WomenofAchievement成功的妇女achievmentn.成就;功绩welfaren.福利;福利事业projectn.项目;工程;规划instituten.学会;学院;协会ChinaWelfareInstitute中国福利基金会specialistn.专家;专业工作者chimpn.(非洲)黑猩猩connectionn.连接;关系humanbeings人类campaignn.运动;战役vi.作战;参加运动landminen.地雷organizationn.组织;机构;团体behavevt.&vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现behaviour(=behavior)n.行为;举止;习性shaden.荫;阴凉处vt.遮住光线moveoff离开;起程;出发worthwhileadj.值得的;值得做的observevt.观察;观测;遵守observationn.观察;观测childhoodn.童年;幼年时代outspokenadj.直言的;坦诚respectvt.&n.尊敬;尊重;敬意entertainmentn.款待;娱乐leada…life过着…的生活inspirevt.鼓舞;激发;启示lookdownupon/on蔑视;瞧不起referto查阅;参考;谈到audiencen.观众;听众;读者bychance碰巧;凑巧comeacross(偶然)遇见;碰见raten.比率;速度sicknessn.疾病;恶心intendvt.计划;打算emergencyn.突发事件;紧急情况generationn.一代;一辈determinationn.决心;果断kindnessn.仁慈;好意considerateadj.考虑周到的considerationn.考虑;体谅delivervt.递送;生(小孩);接生;发表(演说)carryon继续;坚持modestadj.谦虚的;谦让的;适度的crowdin(想法、问题)涌上心头II.ReadingASTUDENTOFAFRICANWILDLIFE非洲野生动植物学生Itis5:45amandthesunisjustrisingoverGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.早上5:45分,太阳冉冉升起在东非的贡贝国家公园上,【注释:GomeNationalPark贡贝国家公园,位于东非的坦桑尼亚。冈贝最常见的其他哺乳动物是灵长类。人们从20世纪60年代开始,就一直对它们进行研究,发现橄榄树狒狒最为常见,经常成群结队在海滨流连,而红尾猴和疣猴则一直以森林作为天然篷幛,疣猴经常遭受黑猩猩的追猎。】FollowingJane’swayofstudyingchimps,ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemintheforest.按照詹尼研究黑猩猩的方法,我们这群人都将看到森林中的黑猩猩。【注释:followingJane’swayofstudyingchimps是现在分词作状语。】Janehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.詹尼研究黑猩猩家族已有许多年了,她帮助人们理解黑猩猩怎样像人类一样地行为表现。【注释:behavevi.(行为或举止)表现eg.Hehasbehavedwellatschool.他在学校表现良好。(2)工作eg.Howisthenewenginebehaving?新的引擎运行得如何?】Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.观察黑猩猩一家起床是我们当天的第一项活动。【注释:watchingafamilyofchimpswakeup是动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数式形式;另外动词不定式、名词从句作主语谓语动词均为第三人称单数式形式。】Thismeansgoingbacktotheplacewhereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.这就意味着:在前天夜里就要走回到我们让黑猩猩在树上睡觉的地方。【注释:meandoingsth.意味着…eg.Thesenewordersforourmanufactureswillmeanworkingovertime.这些订购我们产品的新订单意味着要加班。Meantodosth.打算做某事eg.Imeantostayhere,ifIcan.若是能留下,我想留在这儿。meanto对…来说很重要eg.1)Havingmyfamilyaroundmemeanshappinesstome.家人同我在一起就意味着幸福。2)Thesmellmeansdinnertothedog!对狗来说,这气味意味着进食!3)Thesesymbolsmeannothingtome.我完全不明白这些符号是什么意思。4)Hemeansnoharmtoanyone.他无意伤害任何人。meanadj.吝啬的,小气的He'stoomeantomakeadonation.他很小气,不肯捐款。】Everybodysitsandwaitsintheshadeofthetreeswhilethefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff.当黑猩猩一家开始醒来要离开的时候,大家在树下坐着等着。【注释:①whileconj.(1)在…期间,当…的时候;与…同时Whileinprison,hewrotehisfirstnovel.他在狱中写出了第一部小说。(2)而,然而(表示对比)eg.Onepersonwantsout,whiletheotherwantstherelationshiptocontinue.一人想就此了断,而另一人想继续保持这种关系。(3)虽然,尽管eg.WhileIwouldn'trecommendanight-timevisit,bydaytheareaisfullofinterest.虽然我不建议夜间游玩,但是在白天,这个地区很有玩头。②moveoff离开;死;畅销eg.1)Checkyourmirrorsbeforeyoumoveoff.开车前注意必修四Unit1课文详解杨磊译注2看看反光镜。2)Farmersarerapidlymovingofftheland.农民正迅速离开土地。】Thenwefollowastheywanderintotheforest.然后,当他们漫游到森林里,我们便跟着。Mostofthetime,chimpseitherfeedorcleaneachotherasawayofshowingloveintheirfamily.大多数情况下,黑猩猩们要么进食,要么相互清洁,在家族里这是作为一种表达爱的方式。【注释:either…or…要么…要么…eg.EitherIaccompanyyoutoyourroomorIwaithere.要么我陪你去你的房间,要么我在这儿等。】Janewarnsusthatourgroupisgoingtobeverytiredanddirtybytheafternoonandsheisright.詹尼预先告诉我们到下午我们将会很累很脏,她说的对。【注释:warnsb.that预告:预先通知或告诉:eg.Theycalledandwarnedmethattheymightbedelayed.他们打来电话,预先告诉我他们可能耽搁一会儿。warnsb.ofsth.警告某人当心某事;warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不要做某事;】However,theeveningmakesitallworthwhile.然而,晚上使得这一切都值得。【注释:worthwhileadj.值得做的,值得出力的(1)bewellworthdoingsth.很值得做某事eg.Thebookiswellworthreadingofsth.值得,配得上eg,Thebookisworthyof$50.(2)beworthyofbeingdoneeg.Thebookisworthyofbeingreadtobedoneeg.Thebookisworthytoberead(3)Itisworthwhiledoingsth.eg.Itisworthwhilereadingthebook.todosth.做某事是值得的Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.试题:1.Shehasdonesome____thingsduringthesummervacation,andsheis___ofbeingpraised.A.worthwhile;worthyB.worthwhile;worthC.worthy;worthD.worth;worthy2.Trytospendyourtimejustonthethingsyoufind____.A.worthdoingthemB.worthbeingdoneC.worthyofdoingthemD.worthyofbeingdone】Wewatchthemotherchimpandherbabiesplayinthetree.我们观看黑猩猩妈妈和她的幼子在树上玩耍。Thenweseethemgotosleeptogetherintheirnestforthenight.然后,我们看他们一起在巢穴睡觉过夜。Werealizethatthebondbetweenmembersofachimpfamilyisasstrongasinahumanfamily.我们意思到黑猩猩家族成员之间的关系和我们人类一样紧密。NobodybeforeJanefullyunderstoodchimpbehaviour.在詹尼之前没有人懂得黑猩猩的行为举止。Shespentyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.她花费了几年时间来观察和记录他们的日常活动。【辨析:spend,pay,cost,take这几个词均表示“花费”,区别在于句型结构不同:sb.spendsb.paysomemoneyforsth.eg.Ipaid$10,000forthecar.Sth.costsb.sth.eg.Participatinginthestrikecostmemyjob.参加罢工而使我失去工作.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.eg.Ittookmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.】Sinceherchildhoodshehadwantedtoworkwithanimalsintheirownenvironment.自从童年时代,她就想和动物一起在野外自然环境下合作(生活)。However,thiswasnoteasy.然而,这并不容易。WhenshefirstarrivedinGombein1960,itwasunusualforawomantoliveintheforest.当她在1960年首次到达贡贝,对一位妇女来说生活在森林里是不同寻常的。Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.只有在头几个月她妈妈来帮她之后,才允许她开始她的项目。【注释:由only及only所修饰的状语位于句首时,主句要采用半倒装结构,但当only修饰主语时,不倒装。如:1)Onlywhenheentered,didshepickupthereceiver.他刚一进来她就接到了电话。2)Onlyifitreceivesacopyofthelatestreport,canthecommitteemakeitsdecisionbyFridayo