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Whoishe?HeisYuanLongping,thefatherofsuperhybridrice.Unit1GreatScientistsAlexanderBellelectricityThomasEdisontheFirsttelephoneWrightBrotherstheelectricLampMadameCurieblackholesinUniverseFranklinTheoryofGravityStevenHawkingtheFirstPlaneElbertEinsteinRadiumIsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativityScientists&Contributions:QAnswers1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.ArchimedesCharlesDarwinThomasNewcomenGregorMendelMarieCurieThomasEdisonLeonardodaVinciSirHumphryDavyZhangHengStephenHawking1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?Archimedes2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?CharlesDarwin3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?ThomasNewcomen4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren.GregorMendel5.Whodiscoveredradium?MarieCurie6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?ThomasEdison7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?LeonardodaVinci8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?SirHumphryDavy9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?ZhangHeng10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?StephenHawkingsimilaritiescarefulstrictpositivetalentedbrightstrong-willedGeniusisonepercentinspirationandninety–ninepercentperspirationJohnSnowCholeraCholera:•Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.•Andthevictimsdiedveryquicklyfromalossofliquidafterseverevomiting(呕吐)anddiarrhoea(腹泻).JohnSnowdefeats“Kingcholera”What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.B.ThecauseofCholerawaspollutedwater.C.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.D.HowdidJohnSnowcollect,analyzetheinformation,findthecauseofthediseaseandsolveit.1.Whathappenedin1854?2.Howmanypeoplediedin10days?3.WhyistherenodeathatNo.20and21BroadStreetaswellasatNo.8and9CambridgeStreet?SkimandScan1.Whathappenedin1854?2.Howmanypeoplediedin10days?CholeraoutbreakhitLondon.Morethan5003.WhyistherenodeathatNo.20and21BroadStreetaswellasatNo.8and9CambridgeStreet?ThesefamilieshadnotdrunkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump.Para1:IntroductionofJohnSnowandCholeraPara2:TwotheoriesFindaProblem:Whatcausecholera?Makeupaquestion:Whichisright?Para3:Hegatheredinformationtotestthetheory.Thinkofamethod:TesttwotheoriesbymarkingonamapPara4:Studyofthemapoftheoutbreakin1854Para5:HelookedintothesourceofthewaterCollecttheresult;Markthedeathanalysetheresult;ReasonfordeathandnodeathPara7:JohnSnowdefeatedKingCholeraPara6:Findoutthatcholerawasspreadbygerms.Repeatifnecessary:Findmoreevidence.Drawaconclusion:CholerawasspreadbygermsPollutedwatercarriedcholeraCarefulReading:JohnSnowwasandoctorinLondonwhoQueenVictoriaasherpersonal.Hethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopletocholera.Thoughthecauseandtheofitwereunknown,hewantedtofacetheandsolvetheproblem.expertattendedphysicianexposedcurechallengeCarefulReading:1.Whatwerethetwotheoriesaboutthecauseofcholera?2.WhichdidJohnSnowwanttoprove?3.Whatwashismethodofdoingtheresearch?…multiplied……victims……absorb…Thesecondone.Togatherinformationintwoparticularstreets.CarefulReading:1.Whatdidhedowiththeresultsofhisenquiry?2.Whatvaluablecluedidhegetaboutthecauseofthedisease?3.Whatmightbethecause?Markedonamap…Manyofthedeaths……hadnodeaths.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblameforcholera.CarefulReading:1.Whydidhetellpeopletoremovethehandlefromthepump?2.Whathappenedafterthehandlewasremoved?Sothat……sloweddownCarefulReading:1.Wheredidthewomanliveandwhatdidshehaddeliveredtoherhouseeveryday?2.Whatdidtheirdeathssuggest?3.WhatmeasuresdidJohnSnowtaketopreventthediseasefromspreading?AwayfromBroadStreetWaterfromthepumpThepollutedwatercarriedthevirus..suggestedthat…beexamined…wereinstructednottoexpose…to…FindsupportingevidenceDrawaconclusionFindaproblemMakeupaquestionThinkofamethodCollectresultsAnalysetheresultsThepassageiswrittenasareportofanexperimentandthereare7steps:Steps:What/How?1.Findaproblem2.Makeupaquestion3.Thinkofamethod4.CollectresultsJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Whatcausescholera?Whichtheoryiscorrect?GatherinformationwhenanotherCholerahitLondonin1854.Hemarkedonamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlived.6.Findsupportingevidence7.Makeaconclusion5.AnalyseresultsLookedintothesourceofthewater.Twootherdeaths.Thewateristoblame.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.Readthepassageagainandfillintheblanks:JohnSnowwasawell-known______inLondoninthe___century.Hewantedtofindthe______ofcholerainorderto______it.In1854whenacholera____out,hebegantogatherinformation.He_____onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe______died.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.Hesuggestedthatthe_____ofallwatersupplybe_______andnewmethodsof________withpollutedwaterbefound.Finally,“KingCholera”wasdefeated.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamineddealing基础梳理·授之以渔Ⅰ.词汇与派生A联想记忆法1．defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败→defeat/＋人/队击败、战胜某人/队2．expertadj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的；n.专家；行家→beexpertsth.对……在行，在……方面是行家3．attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加→attend()sb.伺侯，照顾某人→attendsth./sb.致力于，专心于；处理beatat/inon/uponto4．cu