第六章-通常的跟单信用证

第六章通常的跟单信用证第一节不可撤销信用证与可撤销信用证第二节保兑信用证与不保兑信用证第三节付款、承兑、议付信用证第四节即期与远期信用证第六章通常的跟单信用证第一节不可撤销信用证与可撤销信用证按开证行对信用证所负的责任，可将信用证分为可撤销和不可撤销信用证。Article6RevocableCreditsv.IrrevocableCreditsa)ACreditmaybeeitheri.revocableorii.irrevocable.b)TheCredit,therefore,shouldclearlyindicatewhetheritisrevocableorirrevocable.c)IntheabsenceofsuchindicationtheCreditshallbedeemedtobeirrevocable.第六章通常的跟单信用证一、不可撤销的信用证（一）定义和确定承诺不可撤销信用证（IrrevocableCredits）：未经开证行、保兑行（如有）和受益人的明确同意，不可撤销或修改的信用证。Article9LiabilityofIssuingandConfirmingBanksa.AnirrevocableCreditconstitutesadefiniteundertakingoftheIssuingBank,providedthatthestipulateddocumentsarepresentedtotheNominatedBankortotheIssuingBankandthatthetermsandconditionsoftheCreditarecompliedwith:i.iftheCreditprovidesforsightpayment——topayatsight;ii.iftheCreditprovidesfordeferredpayment——topayonthematuritydate(s)determinableinaccordancewiththestipulationsoftheCredit;第六章通常的跟单信用证一、不可撤销的信用证iii.iftheCreditprovidesforacceptance;(a)bytheIssuingBank——toacceptDraft(s)drawnbytheBeneficiaryontheIssuingBankandpaythematmaturity,or(b)byanotherdraweebank——toacceptandpayatmaturityDraft(s)drawnbytheBeneficiaryontheIssuingBankintheeventthedraweebankstipulatedintheCreditdoesnotacceptDraft(s)drawnonit,ortopayDraft(s)acceptedbutnotpaidbysuchdraweebankatmaturity;iv.iftheCreditprovidesfornegotiation——topaywithoutrecoursetodrawersand/orbonafideholders,Draft(s)drawnbytheBeneficiaryand/ordocument(s)presentedundertheCredit.ACreditshouldnotbeissuedavailablebyDraft(s)ontheApplicant.IftheCreditneverthelesscallsforDraft(s)ontheApplicant,bankswillconsidersuchDraft(s)asanadditionaldocument(s).第六章通常的跟单信用证（二）信用证的不可撤销性信用证的不可撤销性是指信用证如需修改或撤销，须经开证行、保兑行（如有）和受益人三方明确同意，否则既不可修改也不可撤销。Article9LiabilityofIssuingandConfirmingBanksd.i.AnirrevocableCreditcanneitherbeamendednorcancelledwithouttheagreement(s)oftheIssuingBank,theConfirmingBank,ifany,andtheBeneficiary.第六章通常的跟单信用证Article9LiabilityofIssuingandConfirmingBanksii.TheIssuingBankshallbeirrevocablyboundbyanamendment(s)issuedbyitfromthetimeoftheissuanceofsuchamendment(s).AConfirmingBankmayextenditsconfirmationtoanamendmentandshallbeirrevocablyboundasofthetimeofitsadviseoftheamendment.AConfirmingBankmay,however,choosetoadviseanamendmenttotheBeneficiarywithoutextendingitsconfirmationandifso,mustinformtheIssuingBankandtheBeneficiarywithoutdelay.第六章通常的跟单信用证Article9LiabilityofIssuingandConfirmingBanksiii.ThetermsoftheoriginalCreditwillremaininforcefortheBeneficiaryuntiltheBeneficiarycommunicateshisacceptanceoftheamendmenttothebankthatadvisessuchamendment.TheBeneficiaryshouldgivenotificationofacceptanceorrejectionofamendment(s).IftheBeneficiaryfailstogivesuchnotification,thetenderofdocumentstotheNominatedBankorIssuingBank,thatconformtotheCreditandtonotyetacceptedamendment(s),willbedeemedtobenotificationofacceptancebytheBeneficiaryofsuchamendment(s)andasofthatmomenttheCreditwillbeamended.iv.Partialacceptanceofamendmentscontainedinoneandthesameadviceofamendmentisnotallowedandconsequentlywillnotbegivenanyeffect.第六章通常的跟单信用证（二）信用证的不可撤销性经开证行、保兑行（如有）和受益人的明确同意后，不可撤销信用证可被撤销或修改。修改书对三个当事人的生效时间如下：1．开证行：自其发出修改书时起生效。2．保兑行：将其保兑扩展至修改书，并自其通知修改书时起，修改书对其生效。3．受益人：（1）收到修改书后，发出接受修改通知，此时修改书生效。（2）不立即发出接受通知，但当交来的单据符合修改书的要求时，修改书生效。（3）交单时仍不接受修改书，最好应发出拒绝接受通知，则该修改书对受益人无效。修改内容只有接受或不接受，不允许部分接受。第六章通常的跟单信用证第一节不可撤销信用证与可撤销信用证二、可撤销信用证可撤销信用证（RevocableCredits）：开证行可以不经受益人的同意而随时撤销或修改的信用证。Article8RevocationofaCredita.ArevocableCreditmaybeamendedorcancelledbytheIssuingBankatanymomentandwithoutpriornoticetotheBeneficiary.第六章通常的跟单信用证Article8RevocationofaCreditb.However,theIssuingBankmust:i.ReimburseanotherbankwithwhicharevocableCredithasbeenmadeavailableforsightpayment,acceptanceornegotiationbysuchbankpriortoreceiptbyitofnoticeofamendmentorcancellation,againstdocumentswhichappearontheirfacetobeincompliancewiththetermsandconditionsoftheCredit;ii.reimburseanotherbankwithwhicharevocableCredithasbeenmadeavailablefordeferredpayment,ifsuchabankhas,priortoreceiptbyitofnoticeofamendmentorcancellation,takenupdocumentswhichappearontheirfacetobeincompliancewiththetermsandconditionsoftheCredit;第六章通常的跟单信用证可撤销信用证在贸易结算中及少使用，偶尔用于子公司之间，或特殊贸易，或作为支付承诺的替代物。可撤销信用证的常用措辞：1.Thiscreditissubjecttocancellationoramendmentatanytimewithoutpriornoticetoyou.2.Weundertaketohonoryourdraftsdrawnandnegotiatedinconformitywiththetermsofthiscreditprovidedsuchnegotiationhasbeenmadepriortoreceiptbyyouofnoticeofcancellation.（我们保证在你们接到撤销通知以前，根据本信用证条款开出和议付的汇票在我行提示时，我们照付。）第六章通常的跟单信用证第二节保兑信用证与不保兑信用证保兑行的承诺在程度上和文义上与开证行的承诺完全相同，即它构成与开证行相同的支付、承兑或议付的明确承诺。若保兑行若与指定行是两家不同的银行，指定行应先向保兑行寄单索偿，然后再由保兑行向开证行清算。第六章通常的跟单信用证第三节付款、承兑、议付信用证Article10TypesofCredita.AllCreditmustclearlyindicatewhethertheyareavailablebysightpayment,bydeferredpayment,byacceptanceorbynegotiation.b.i.UnlesstheCreditstipulatesthatitisavailableonlywiththeIssuingBank,allCreditsmustnominatethebank(theNominatedBank)whichisauthorizedtopay,toincuradeferredpaymentundertaking,toacceptDraft(s)ortonegotiate.InafreelynegotiableCredit,anybankisaNominatedBank.第六章通常的跟单信用证Article10TypesofCreditii.Negotiationmeansthegiving