贸易开放_人力资本与环境污染_理论及实证检验

20105182JOURNALOFZHONGNANUNIVERSITYOFECONOMICSANDLAW.5.2010BimonthlySerial.182贸易开放人力资本与环境污染余官胜(温州大学商学院,浙江温州325035):,,:,,;,,,,,:;;:F740:A:10035230(2010)05003806,,,2007,,,,:;;Lucas,;,,CopelandTaylor,,:;;;:20100531:余官胜(1983),男,浙江乐清人,温州大学商学院讲师,博士382070,90GrossmanKrugerGrossmanKruger,,[1],,LeeHost[2];Antweiler,,[3];Dean[4],CopelandTaylor,,[5]ManiWheeler[6]Managi,[7];Kellenberg[8],CopelandTaylor,,,[9],,,[10],,[11],,,[12],[13],;,,,[14],,,,,,,,,CopelandTaylor[9](P230284),,,,,,,:U=XY1-(1),XY,,YXX,Y,,,:X=X(H,L),Y=39(H,L),Z=Z(X)HL;Z,X,(1),XY:XY=1-1P(2)P=pXpYXY,1DD(2)XY,:XY=X(P,H,L)Y(P,H,L)=x(P,H/L)y(P,H/L)(3)P,1SS(3)XY,P*,2XY,X*Y*,X,Z*12,,HLH*L*,YX,Y,S1S1,P1,2YY1XX1,,,,HLH*L*,S2S2,P2,2XX2,YY2,Z,(),,:logPOLit=0+1logGDPit+2logPGDPit+3HUMit+4TRADEit+5HUMit!TRADEit+ui+vi+it(4)POLit,,(SO2),(40)GDPit1978GDP(),PGDPit1978GDP(),HUMit,,Chi[15],TRADEit,GDPHUMit!TRADEit,,it,uivi,it1996~200729,;,,GDPGDP∀#;∀#;∀#()(4),1(1)(3),;(2)(4),,,(2)(4),GDPGDP(1)(3),(2)(4),,(1)(3),,(1)(3)(2)(4),,,;,1(1)(2)SO2(3)(4)C4.238***(0.000)4.946***(0.000)3.640***(0.000)4.194***(0.000)logGDPit0.178(0.183)0.597***(0.000)0.085(0.516)0.406***(0.000)logPGDPit-0.230(0.472)-1.303***(0.000)0.358(0.252)-0.466***(0.000)HUMit-1.409***(0.000)--1.073***(0.000)-TRADEit0.030(0.532)0.289***(0.000)-0.070(0.130)0.106**(0.040)HUMit!TRADEit--1.846***(0.000)--1.338***(0.000)Hausman12.49**(0.014)25.80***(0.000)8.88*(0.064)2.21(0.697)R20.7680.7640.3370.632:P;Hausman(),200729,,2412SO2SO2C4.370***(0.000)4.157***(0.000)5.084***(0.000)4.146***(0.000)logGDPit0.116(0.555)0.313***(0.000)0.535***(0.000)0.034(0.840)logPGDPit-0.169(0.728)-0.247(0.245)-1.235***(0.000)0.335(0.402)TRADEit-0.121**(0.047)-0.176***(0.002)0.292***(0.000)-0.067(0.294)Hausman16.22***(0.001)4.19(0.241)4.29(0.232)8.42**(0.038)R20.4360.5770.8170.130,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1]Grossman,G.,Krueger,A.EconomicGrowthandtheEnvironment[J].QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,1995,110(2):353379.[2]Lee,H.,Holst,R.TradeandtheEnvironment[C]//AppliedMethodsforTradePolicyAnalysis:AHandBook.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1997.42[3]Antweiler,W.,Copeland,B.,Taylor,S.IsFreeTradeGoodFortheEnvironment?[J].AmericanEconomicReview,2001,91(4):877908.[4]Dean,J.DoesTradeLiberalizationHarmtheEnvironment?ANewTest[J].CanadianJournalofEconomics,2002,35(4):819842.[5]Copeland,B.,Taylor,S.NorthSouthTradeandtheEnvironment[J].QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,1994,109(3):755787.[6]Mani,M.,Wheeler,D.InSearchofPollutionHavens?DirtyIndustryintheWorldEconomy,19601995[C]//Trade,GlobalPolicy,andtheEnvironment.Washington,1999.[7]Managi,S.,Hibiki,A.,Tsurumi,T.DoesTradeOpennessImproveEnvironmentalQuality?[J].JournalofEnvironmentalEconomicsandManagement,2009,58(2):346363.[8]Kellenberg,D.AnEmpiricalInvestigationofthePollutionHavenEffectwithStrategicEnvironmentandTradePolicy[J].JournalofInternationalEconomics,2009,78(2):242255.[9]Copeland,B.,Taylor,S.TradeandtheEnvironment:TheoryandEvidence[M].PrincetonUniversityPress,2003.[10],,,.[J].,2003,(3):36.[11],.[J].,2008,(6):2129.[12].[J].,2009,(3):7077.[13],,.[J].,2009,(5):914.[14].:[J].(),2010,9(2):415446.[15]Chi,W.TheRoleofHumanCapitalinChina∃sEconomicDevelopment:ReviewandNewEvidence[J].ChinaEconomicReview,2008,19(2):421436.(:)(上接第27页)%&%&,∋,∀#200279,,,((,;,,,,(),)%&,∗,%&,,:[1]Wernerfelt,B.AResourcebasedViewoftheFirm[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1984,5(2):171180.[2]Prahalad,C.K.,Hamel,G.TheCoreCompetenceoftheCorporation[J].HarvardBusinessReview,1990,68(3):7991.[3]Teece,D.J.,Pisano,G.TheDynamicCapabilitiesofFirms:AnIntroduction,IndustrialandCorporateChange,1994,3(3):537556.[4]Teece,D.J.,Pisano,G.,Shuen,A.DynamicCapabilitiesandStrategicManagement[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1997,18(7):509533.[5](J(,(.[M].:,1998.[6]Zott,C.,Amit,R.HowDoFirmSpecificityandAssetSpecificityDiffer?ImplicationsfortheChoiceofFirmBoundaries[EB/OL].=10.1.1.121.6327&rep=rep1&type=pdf.(:)43