比较级和最高级

英语专题：——形容词的比较级和最高级专题：形容词，副词比较级、最高级(一)1.形容词，副词比较级和最高级的概念。形容词和副词可以靠改变形式来表示程度的不同。我们把这种变化形式叫做比较等级。要比较两个或两个以上的人或物时，就必须用形容词的比较级和最高级。形容词、副词有三个级：原级(PositiveDegree)，比较级(ComparativeDegree)和最高级(SuperlativeDegree)。写出下列词的反义词tall--thin--long--funny--Sad--shortheavyshortserioushappy形容词的比较级和最高级的构成方法：①单音节和少数双音节形容词、副词的规则变化情况：a.在原级的词尾加-er变为比较级，加-est变为最高级。e.g.short(原级)---shorter(比较级)---shortest(最高级)long(原级)---longer(比较级)---longest(最高级)b.如原级以e结尾，则比较级只加-r，最高级只加-st。e.g.large---larger---largestnice---nicer---nicestc.如原级以“辅音字母+y”结尾，要将y改为i，再加-er，-est。e.g.busy---busier---busiesteasy---easier---easiestd.原级以重读闭音节结尾，而且末尾只有一个辅音字母(不含字母组合er等)，要双写这个辅音字母，再加-er，-est。e.g.fat---fatter---fattestbig---bigger---biggest2.其他双音节词和多音节词都在前面加more,most构成比较级及最高级：原级比较级最高级importantmoreimportantmostimportantdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingusefulmoreusefulmostuseful有几个形容词有特殊的比较级和最高级形式：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest小贴士:要注意有几个形容词的比较级和最高级有两种不同的形式，它们的意思也不同。e.g.old---older较旧，较老---oldest最旧，最老/old---elder较年长---eldest最年长far---farther较远---farthest最远(指距离)/far---further进一步---furthest最深(指程度)写出下列词的比较级形式tall—short—big—thin—calm—nice--tallershorterbiggerthinnercalmernicerhappy--easy--heavy--hot--clean--dirty--happiereasierheavierhottercleanerdirtierserious--beautiful--interesting--important--difficult--good—delicious--Moreseriousmorebeautifulmoreinterestingmoreimportantmoredifficultbettermoredelicious写出下列词的最高级形式tall--bad--friendly--little--old--tallestworstthemostfriendlyleastoldest3.形容词比较级的用法和相关句型。①表示两者“相等”用“as+形容词原级+as+比较对象”。e.g.Heisastallashismother．Englishisasinterestingasmath.②表示“不如”或“不相等”用“not+as／so+形容词原级+as+比较对象”。e.g.Itisnotso／ascoldtodayasyesterday．Jackisnotso/astallasTom.③表示倍数，如“一半／两倍/3倍／4倍／……”等用“half／twice／three／four／…times+as…as…”结构。e.g.Istudytwiceashardasyou．Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.④用“形容词比较级+than引导的从句”进行两者的比较。e.g.Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon．Thisdressismoreexpensivethanthatone.⑤强调比较级超出比较程度时，形容词的比较级前可用much，far，alot，no，alittle，even，any,等状语来修饰。e.g.MybrotherismucholderthanI.Thisbikeisfarbetterthanthatone.⑥由and连接同一个形容词的两个比较级，可以表示“越来越……”。e.g.IthinkEnglishisbecomingmoreandmoredifficult.⑦用“the+比较级…+the+比较级…”，表示“越……就越……”。e.g.Themoreyouread，themoreknowledgeyouwillget．Thelessjunkfoodyoueat,thehealthieryoufeel.比较级+ofthetwo表示两者中较…的（比较级前加the）Johnisthecleverofthetwoboys.Ofthetwoboys,Johnistheclever.最高级+of或in表示…中最…的Eg:Jackisthetallestintheirclass.ChinaisthelargestoneofalltheAsiancountries.(注意一定地域空间用in，一类事物范围内用0f)a+最高级表示“非常”，the+最高级表示“最”。Thisisamostdifficultquestion.Thisisthemostdifficultquestion.比较要同类，在同一范围内，排除自身的方法用other，在不同的范围内，不用other.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.=ShanghaiisthelargestcityinChina.ShanghaiislargerthananycityinInida.1.Mybrotheristwoyears______(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.--Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?--Yes4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Lucyisthe_______(good)studentinourclass.6.Mary’shairisas__________(long)asLucy’s.7.Whichis_____(big),thesun,themoonortheearth?8.Whois______(tall),TomorSam?9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myfriendsare__________(many)than_____(she)..练习：单选题fatyoungerthinnerbestlongthebiggesttallertallmoreolderhers三单项选择。1.Alanis_____thanLinda..A.tallB.tallerC.tallest2.--Sheis______thanhermother.--Hermotherisalsobeautiful.A.beautifulB.beautifulerC.morebeautifulD.themostbeautiful3.--Doyoualwaysgetupas_____asyoubrother?--Notalways.A.earliestB.earlierC.theearliestD.early4.Heis________morebeautifulthanI.A.tooB.enoughC.muchD.veryBCDC5.Thisbookis_______thatone.A.asbetterasB.asgoodasC.asbestas6.Theearthis______themoon.--Ialsosawitonthenewspaper.A.as49timesbigasB.49timesasbiggerasC.49timesasbigasD.asbigas49times7.--Itlookslikethatheisas______asyou.--Oh,no.Heis_______thanI.A.tall,alittletallB.taller,alittletallC.tall,alittletallerD.taller,alittletaller8.--Thanksfortakingcareofthegarden,itisbecoming______.--Youarewelcome.A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandmorebeautifulC.moreandmorebeautifulBCCC9.Theboxis______heavy.Ican’tmoveit.A.muchB.moreC.enoughD.too10.Herbrotheris_______thanshe.A.sevenyearolderB.sevenyearolderC.sevenyearsoldD.sevenyearsolder11.The_________youstand,the______youcansee.A.high;farB.higher;fartherC.highest;farthestD.morehigher;morefarther12.YoushouldstudyEnglishhard,becauseit’sgetting_________inourcountry.A.moreandmoreimportantB.moreimportantandmoreimportantC.importanterandimportanterD.importantandimportantDDBA13.______youlearn,_____youwilllearn.A.harder,betterB.theharder,thegoodC.theharder,thebetter15.–Whois______studentinyourclass?A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebestCD改错1.Lesson9ismoreeasierthanLesson10.2.Mymotherisyoungerthanyour.3.Heisoneoflongestboysinhisclass.4.Theboydoesn’tdrawmuchwell.5.Bettyistheyoungestonthethreegirls.6.Motheristhebusiestofmyfamily.7.Youcanjumpveryhigheronthemoonthanontheearth.