高一英语语法定语从句之关系代词课件(共49张)

TheAttributiveclause1定语从句(关系代词）先来看几个相关术语1.定语2.定语从句3.先行词4.关系词1.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor2.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart?Tomisahandsomeboy.Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.Theboyintheclassroomneedsapen.ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.Themanstandingthereismyteacher.Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句：一个句子充当定语3.先行词：4.关系词：关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepen.先行词关系词定语从句先行词：被修饰限定的词关系词：引导定语从句的词定语从句：一个句子充当定语Theattributiveclauseornot?1、从句是否紧跟在一名词或代词之后。2、关系词是否代先行词，在从句中担任一定的成分。HeisaChinese.HeplaysanimportantpartinNBA.HeisaChinesewho/thatplaysanimportantpartinNBA.变为定语从句HewasborninShanghai.Shanghaiisaninternationalcity.HewasborninShanghaiwhich/thatisaninternationalcity.summary关系词在从句中所作的成分先行词的类别关系词的选择主语人物who/thatwhich/thatThosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Themanwhoisnexttoussellsvegetable.Tomisoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。werewasHeisagoodman.Peoplealllikehim.Peopleareproudofhim.Heisagoodmanwhom/thatpeopleareproudof.Heisagoodmanwhom/thatpeoplealllike.Heisagoodmanofwhompeopleareproud.Or:Helovesbasketball.Heplaysbasketballverywell.Helovesbasketballwhich/thatheplaysverywell.summary关系词在从句中所作的成分先行词的类别关系词的选择宾语人物whom/that/who/省略which/that/省略Heisafamousbasketballplayer.HiswifeisYeLi.HeisafamousbasketballplayerwhosewifeisYeLi.Hehasawife.HernameisYeLi.HehasawifewhosenameisYeLi.Theroomismine.Theroom’swindowfacessouthTheroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine.summary关系词在从句中所作的成分先行词的类别关系词的选择定语人物whosewhose关系词的作用：1、连接作用把主句和从句连接起来2、替代作用在从句中代替在它前面的先行词3、成分作用在从句中充当一个成分把两个句子合成一个复合句1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.1、找准主句，并确定先行词。2、找准关系词，来代替先行词20Practise:1.TheboysarefromGradeone.Theboysareplayingbasketball.TheboysarefromGradeOne.who/thatareplayingbasketballTheboyswho/thatarefromGradeoneareplayingbasketball.212.Thenurseiskind.Thenurselooksaftermysister.Thenurseiskind.who/thatlooksaftermysister3.Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”.TheplaywaswrittenbyLaoShe.Wewatchedtheplay“teahouse”which/thatwaswrittenbyLaoShe.225.Thisisthehouse.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.Thisisthehousewhich/thatLuXunoncelivedin.6.Whereisthegirl?YoutalkedwithherlastSunday.Whereisthegirlwho/whom/thatyoutalkedwithlastSunday?Exercises:指出关系代词在定语从句中的成分：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语定语宾语6.Ilikethepersonwhomyoujusttalkedto.()7.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.()Exercises:介宾宾语25关系代词用法关系代词指代在从句中的作用thatwhichwhowhomwhose(=ofwhich)人／物主／宾/表主／宾主/宾宾定（后面紧跟名词）人人人／物物Summary从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子1.Theseason____followsspringissummer.(that/who/不填)2.ThisisthemuseumwevisitedlastSaturday.(that/whom/不填)3.TheboyJohnisspeakingwithismybrother.(which/whom/不填)4.Thebuilding____wallsarewhiteismyuncle'shouse.(which/whose/不填)练习巩固thatthat/不填whom/不填whose5.Willyoupleaselendmethebook____youboughtyesterday?(which/that/whose)6.Thegirl____legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospital.(who/whom/whose)7.Thestudent____theteacherpraiseattheclassmeetingisourmonitor.(which/whom/whose)8.Ifoundsomephotosoftouristsites____werenotfarawayfromourcity.(which/that/不填)which/thatwhosewhomwhich/that基础练习1.Isthatthehouse____youboughtlastyear?A.whereB.which2.Isthatthepicture___youarelaughingat?A.whichB.where3.Itisthemostinterestingbook___I’lleverread.A.whichB.thatBBA4.Theperson___findsmywatchwillgetareward.A.whoB.whenA5.Theboy___motherisillcannotcometotheparty.A.whoB.whoseB关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that?考点一2019/9/3032that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Readthesesentencestofindtherules.1)I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.2)Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisisthebestplace(that)wehavevisited.3)Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.Heisjusttheperson(that)wearelookingfor.2019/9/30334)Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandtheschoolsthatwehadvisitedthere.5)Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?6)Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.Sheisn’tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.7)Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?Whichisthefilmthatgotthefirst–classawardthisyear.2019/9/30Discussion(1)当先行词是all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时或被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,only等修饰时.(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(3)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,justthe等修饰时。(4)当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物,用关系代词that(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。(6)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that.(7)当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用that.34有哪些情况关系代词不用that，而用which，who，whom?考点二只用which，不用that有机器的房间是车间。Theroom__________thereisamachineisaworkshop.Theroom__________