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完形填空（一）TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdrama___16___fromritual.Theargumentforthis___17___goesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld—eventheseasonalchanges—as___18___,andthey___19___throughvariousmeanstocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Those___20___whichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeated___21___theyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswere___22___,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoserites___23___theseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.___24___,asuitable___25___hadtobeprovidedforperformancesandwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,aclear___26___wasusuallymadebetweenthe“actingarea”andthe“auditorium”.Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedto___27___mistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleaders___28___assumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoften___29___otherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect—successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun—asan___30___might.Eventuallysuch___31___representationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.Anothertheory___32___thetheater’soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregradually___33___,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughthe___34___ofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelated___35___tracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.16.A.evolvedB.differedC.datedD.resulted17.A.choiceB.viewC.principleD.suggestion18.A.unfavorableB.unpredictableC.unspeakableD.unreliable19.A.demandedB.affordedC.soughtD.swore20.A.decisionsB.themesC.traditionsD.measures21.A.afterB.untilC.becauseD.although22.A.heldB.enrichedC.abandonedD.preserved23.A.containedB.replacedC.expandedD.altered24.A.HoweverB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Furthermore25.A.siteB.toolC.galleryD.hall26.A.fenceB.gestureC.optionD.division27.A.makingB.avoidingC.correctingD.discovering28.A.usuallyB.seldomC.neverD.occasionally29.A.discussedB.mockedC.impersonatedD.contradicted30.A.authorB.interviewerC.employerD.actor31.A.politicalB.dramaticC.realisiticD.imaginative32.A.protectsB.separatesC.tracesD.removes33.A.fixedB.forgottenC.elaboratedD.highlighted34.A.selectionB.observationC.recognitionD.assumption35.A.theoryB.planC.eventD.possibility完形填空（一）：16.A。考查动词辨析。本句意为：一个最普遍为人接受的理论假设认为戏剧从仪式演化而来。evolvedfrom由……演化而来，differedfrom与……不同，datedfrom追溯至……，resultedfrom由……引起。17.B。考查名词辨析。choice选择，view观点，principle原则，suggestion建议。此处的view与上文中的theories属于近义词复现。18.B。考查形容词辨析。本句意为：人类把世界上的自然力量，甚至季节的变化都看成是不可预料的。unfavorable不利的，unpredictable不可预料的，unspeakable难以说出口的、不可说的，unreliable不可靠的。19.C。考查动词辨析。demanded要求，afforded经得起，sought试图、谋求，swore发誓。20.D。考查名词辨析。decisions决定，themes主题，traditions传统，measures措施。此处的measures与上文中的means亦构成同义词复现。21.B。考查连词辨析。本句意为：那些似乎带来了满意结果的手段就被保留下来并且重复直到这些手段固化为不变的仪式。22.C。考查动词辨析。本句意为：随着时间的推移，一些仪式被废弃了，但这些后来被称作神话的故事流传下来并且为艺术和戏剧提供了素材。held举行，enriched丰富，abandoned抛弃，preserved保存。此处的abandoned与下文中的persisted存在转折关系。23.A。考查动词辨析。本句意为：认为戏剧从仪式演化而来的人们还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的基本因素。contained包含，replaced替代，expanded使……变大，altered改变。24.D。考查副词辨析。前后存在递进关系。25.A。考查名词辨析。site场所，tool工具，gallery展览馆，hall礼堂。26.D。考查名词辨析。本句意为：如果不是整个社区共同参加演出，经常在“演出区”和“观众席”之间划分出明显的分界。fence围墙，gesture手势，option选择，division分界线。27.B。考查动词辨析。making使……出现或产生，avoiding避免，correcting改正，discovering发现。28.A。考查副词辨析。本句意为：宗教领袖通常承担演出任务，因为在仪式的执行中避免错误的发生被认为有相当大的重要性。29.C。考查动词辨析。discussed讨论，mocked嘲笑、嘲弄，impersonated扮演，contradicted反驳。30.D。考查名词辨析。author作者，interviewer采访者，employer雇主，actor演员。31.B.考查形容词辨析。本句意为：最后这些戏剧性的表演从宗教活动中分离了出来。political政治的，dramatic戏剧性的，realisitic现实主义的，imaginative富于想像力的、运用想像力的。32.C。考查动词辨析。protects保护，separates分离，traces追溯、探索，removes移除。33.C。考查动词辨析。本句意为：根据这个观点，故事（关于狩猎、战争或者其它伟绩）是逐渐丰富起来的。fixed固定，forgotten遗忘，elaborated发挥，详细阐述，highlighted强调。34.D。考查名词辨析。selection选择，observation观察，recognition识别、承认、认可，assumption承担、担任。35.A。考查名词辨析。本句意为：另一个与之紧密相关的理论将戏剧的起源追溯至舞蹈，这些舞蹈大体上是有节奏感的和体操式的那一类，或者是对动物动作和声音的模仿。theory理论，plan计划，event事件，possibility可能性。完形填空（二）Peopleappeartobeborntocompute.Thenumericalskillsofchildren___16___soearlyandsoinexorablythatitiseasytoimagineaninternalclockof___17___maturityguidingtheirgrowth.Notlongafterlearningtowalkandtalk,theycansetthetablewith___18___—oneknife,onespoon,onefork,foreachofthefivechairs.Soontheyare___19___ofnotingthattheyhaveplacedfiveknives,spoonsandforksonthe___20___and,abitlater,thatthis___21___tofifteenpiecesofsilverware.Having___22___masteredaddition,theymoveontosubtraction.Itseemsalmost___23___toexpectthatifachildweresecludedonadesertislandatbirthandretrievedsevenyearslater,heorshecould___24___asecond-grademathematicsclasswithoutanyseriousproblemsofintellectual___25___.Ofcourse,thetruthisnotsosimple.Thiscentury,theworkofcognitivepsychologistshas___26