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初高中不规则动词变化形式1.A-A-A型（无变化的动词）熟记cut-cut-cutlet-let-lethit-hit-hitput-put-putcost-cost-costhurt-hurt-hurtread/rid/-read[red]-read[red]2.A-A-B型（现在式和过去式同形）beat-beat-beaten3.A-B-A型（现在式和过去分词同形）come-came-comebecome-became-becomerun-ran-run4.A-B-B型（动词的过去式与过去分词相同）（1）词尾的“d”变为“t”或词尾是“n”加“t”build-built-builtlend-lent-lentsend-sent-sentspend-spent-spentburn-burnt/burned-burnt/burnedlearn-learnt/learned-learnt/learnedmean-meant-meant（2）把原形变为aught及ought的变化（如果原形有a则是aught，无a则是ought）buy-bought-boughtbring-brought-broughtthink-thought-thoughtfight-fought-foughtcatch-caught-caughtteach-taught-taught（3）eep变ept或过去式、过去分词含有/e/音的动词keep-kept-keptsleep-slept-sleptsweep-swept-sweptleave-left-leftsay-said-saidmeet-met-metspell-spelt-speltsmell-smelt/smelled-smelt/smelledhold-held-heldfeel-felt-felt（4）其他dig-dug-dugfind-found-foundstand-stood-stoodunderstand-understood-understoodget-got-gotsit-sat-satspoil-spoilt-spoilthave/has-had-hadsell-sold-soldtell-told-toldhang-hanged/hung-hanged/hunghear-heard-heardmake-made-madepay-paid-paidlay-laid-laidlie（说谎）-lied-liedlose-lost-lostshine-shone/shined-shone/shinedwin-won-wonshoot-shot-shot5.A-B-C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）（1）in、im的变化（i-a-u型）sing-sang-sungring-rang-rungbegin-began-begundrink-drank-drunkswim-swam-swumsink-sank-sunk（2）在动词原形后加－n或－en构成过去分词①ow及aw的变化（过去式以ew结尾，过去分词以wn结尾）draw-drew-drawnknow-knew-knownthrow-threw-thrownblow-blew-blowngrow-grew-grownfly-flew-flown②元音是i的开音节的变化（过去分词以en结尾）drive-drove-drivenrise-rose-risenride-rode-riddenwrite-wrote-writtengive-gave-given③其他see-saw-seeneat-ate-eatentake-took-takenfall-fell-fallenfreeze-froze-frozenshow-showed-shownbreak-broke-brokenspeak-spoke-spokenwake-woke-wokenchoose-chose-chosenforget-forgot-forgottenlie（躺，放）-lay-lainwear-wore-wornbe（am，is，are）-was/were-been（3）其他go-went-gonedo-did-done6.有过去式，没有过去分词的动词can-couldmay-mightmust-mustshall-shouldwill-would不规则名词复数形式1.以－f或－fe结尾的名词变复数（1）加－s，如：belief-beliefsroof-roofsgulf-gulfs（2）去f，fe加－ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveslife-liveswolf-wolvesthief-thievesself-selveswife-wivesshelf-shelves歌诀记忆：树叶（leaf）半数（half）自己（self）黄；妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去割粮；架（shelf）后窜出一匹狼（wolf）；就像小偷（thief）逃命（life）亡。这9个名词变复数时，都要改－f（e）为v，再加－es，其他的以－f（e）结尾的名词则直接加－s变复数。2.以－o结尾的名词，变复数（1）加s，如：photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radioszoo-zooskilo-kilos（2）加es，如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesNegro-Negroeshero-heroes歌诀记忆：黑人（Negro）和英雄（hero）爱吃西红柿（tomato）和马铃薯（potato）。除了这四个以－o结尾的名词加－es外，其余的以－o结尾的名词加－s。3.表示“国家”的名词变复数Chinese-ChineseJapanese-JapaneseEnglishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-FrenchmenGerman-GermansRussian-RussiansIndian-IndiansCanadian-CanadiansAmerican-Americans歌诀记忆：中（Chinese）日（Japanese）不变，英（Englishman）法（Frenchman）变，其余后面（如German等）加s。4.以复数形式出现的名词scissors剪刀goods货物trousers/pants/shorts裤子clothes衣服glasses眼镜5.以s结尾，仍为单数的名词（1）maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。（2）news是不可数名词。（3）theUnitedStates，theUnitedNations应视为单数。6.由man和woman构成的合成名词，两个构成部分都要变成复数如：manworker-menworkers（男工人）womandoctor-womendoctors（女医生）7.以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，变y为i再加－es。例如：baby-babiescity-citiesstory-storiesparty-partieslady-ladiesdiary-diariesarmy-armiescentury-centuriescopy-copies8.以s，x，ch，sh结尾的名词加－es，如：class-classesbox-boxeswatch-watchesspeech-speechesbus-busesbrush-brushesbench-benchesbeach-beachesboss-bosseschurch-churches9.其他不规则变化man-menwoman-womengoose-geesefoot-feettooth-teethchild-childrenfish-fishdeer-deersheep-sheepmouse-micefisherman-fishermen歌诀记忆：男人（man）？女人（woman）？a变e，鹅（goose）？足（foot）？牙（tooth）？oo变ee。孩子（child）加上ren，鱼（fish）？鹿（deer）绵羊（sheep）不用变。[注]fish指鱼的种类时，要加上－es构成其复数；当指鱼的条数时，单复数同形；指鱼肉时，为不可数名词。不规则形容词副词比较级与最高级原级比较级最高级badworseworstbadlyworseworstfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestgoodbetterbestillworseworstlatelaterlatestlittlelessleastmanymoremostmuchmoremostoldolderoldestwellbetterbest不规则动词表infinitivepasttensepastparticiplemeanarisearosearisen出现bewas,werebeen是beatbeatbeaten击败becomebecamebecome成为beginbeganbegun开始bendbentbent弯曲betbetbet打赌bitebitbitten咬bleedbledbled流血blowblewblown打击breakbrokebroken打破bringbroughtbrought带来broadcastbroadcastbroadcast广播buildbuiltbuilt建设burnburnt,burnedburnt,burned燃烧burstburstburst爆裂buyboughtbought购买cancould-可以catchcaughtcaught捕捉choosechosechosen选择comecamecome来costcostcost花费cutcutcut切dealdealtdealt处理digdugdug挖dodiddone做drawdrewdrawn画dreamdreamt,dreameddreamt,dreamed梦想drinkdrankdrunk喝drivedrovedriven开车eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen下降feedfedfed饲养feelfeltfelt感觉fightfoughtfought战斗findfoundfound发现flyflewflown飞foreseeforesawforeseen预见forgetforgotforgotten忘记forgiveforgaveforgiven原谅freezefrozefrozen冻结getgotgot获得givegavegiven给gowentgone去growgrewgrown增长hanghung,hangedhung,hanged挂have,hashadhad有hearheardheard听hidehidhidden隐藏hithithit击中holdheldheld举行hurthurthurt伤害keepkeptkept保持knowknewknown知道laylaidlaid躺在leadledled领导learnlearnt,learnedlearnt,learned学习leaveleftleft离开lendlentlent借出letletlet让lielaylain撒谎lightlit,lightedlit,lighted照亮loselostlost失去makemademade使maymight-可能meanmeantmeant意思meetmetmet见面misreadmisreadmisread误解mistakemistookmistaken错误misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood误会mustmust-必须paypaidpaid付putputput放readreadread读ridrid,riddedrid,ridded摆脱rideroderidden骑ringrangrung响risero