The-UK-general-election英国大选制度

TheUKgeneralelectionO1.DevelopmentoftheBritishElectoralOSystemO2.EligibilityO3.ElectoralmethodsO4.ElectoralprocessDevelopmentoftheBritishElectoralSystem1215MagnaCarte25committeesupervise1295EdwardⅠnobleknightcitizencongress1343HouseofLords:nobleclass（drec）LowerHouse:citizens（inderc）TheTudors:1.WarsoftheRoses2.Tyrannical3.SpecialPrivilege※Limitation→TooltoRule1647、1649armylevellers:1.Reform2.Cancel3.GeneralElection&parliment4.annualObjected1688GloriourRevolutionsenatordirectlyfreelychosenrepresentatives18Cm-19CtheIndustrialRevolutionnewclassesfightforuniveralsuffrage1830theBourgeoisieclassWhig↓1832parliamentreform1.law:①redistributionseats②lowerthepropertyqualifications③expandthenumberofvoters1867redistributionseats↓Labouraristocracyvote1872votepublic→secret1883thebanningofelectionfraudmethod:costlimittedPunishments1884unifythestandersbetweenc&r↓Workerincitiesvote1885reformregiondivide（population）Q:O1.RighttovotewomenO2.LimitationsincomesresidenceO3.EqualsuffrageSolvedAftertheWorldWarⅡ1918People'sCongressElectionLaw①male:21female:30②lowerlimitationsresidenceincoms③equalregions1926limitationresidence6months→3months1928male=femalerighttovote1948People'sCongressElectionLaw1969People'sCongressElectionLaw↓18(12months)righttovote①abolish②onepersononevoteDefinationofElectionOpoliticalrightscitizensvoterepresentativesnationalpublicpowerwillingsinterestsgovernWarsoftheRoses(HenryⅥ-Shakespeare)theLancasterstheYorksHenryⅦElizabethEndofthewartheTudorsend:midagebegin:Renaissanceroyalheraldry:EdwardⅢFIGHTEligibilityOvotersOcandidaturesElectoralmethodsDirectelectoralsystemOAdvandageO-highdegreeoftransparencyO-reflectthewillofconstituentsdirectlyPrincipleofvoting-volunteer-redistrictingconstituency选区划分方法OOOOElectoralOmethodscountingvotes选票统计的方法OterritoryconstituencyredistrictingpopulationOOthenumberofsenatorsOThesmallselectionareasystem(小选举区制）OThecandidatewithasimplepluralitywillwintheseat.OO多数代表制O相对绝对countingvotes（First-past-the-postelectionsystemO简单多数选举制）Proportionalrepresentationmajorityrepresentationrelativeabsolute比例代表制Electoralprocess1.voterregistration2.nominationofcandidates3.buidcampaignorganizations4.holdtheearliestcontests.5.vote6.Votestatisticsandannouncetheelectionresults1.voterregistrationinJanuaryandJulyeveryyear.AnofficerappointedbythegovernmentofthelocalityofthedistrictresponsibleforiteligiblevotersGeneralresidentsvotersTaxvoters,Militaryvoters2.nominationofcandidatesindependentcandidatesnominatedbysocialorganizationsandcitizenspartycandidate1people0fconstituenciesproposed,secondedby1person,8personsigned,thelabourMPsTheconservativeMPSLib3.buildcampaignorganizationsSideZuZhiYuanInstaffZuZhiYuanInstaffagentPoliticalpartysystemofanelectionagentSideagentO4.Holdtheearliestcontests.OO(1).Theendingtime:Continueuntilelectiondayat10o'clockatnightO(2).Scopeofthecampaign:Constituencycampaignandthenationwidecampaign5.pollVotersdirectlytothepollsInthemilitaryserviceorshipsvoterscantrustotherstovote;ThearmyorshipsserviceandabroadservicesvoterstheturnoutproxyvotingPostalVoting6.Votestatisticsandannouncetheelectionresults(1).Theendingtime:10pm(2).Statistician:Countingandscrutinizeballotingpersonnel(3).Acknowledgement:ElectoralCommission(4).announce:Royalsecretarieselectionmonitoring-WhosuperviseWhatsupervisionAnysocialorganizationElectoralCommissionIndividualcitizensvotercandidatureOThankyou!