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中小学最新教育资料中小学最新教育资料Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?1.重点短语1.bemadeof由...制作/制造(材料)2.bemadein在...制作/制造(产地)3.bemadefrom由......制造/制成4.environmentalprotection环境保护5.befamousfor以......闻名;为人知晓beknownfor以......闻名6.beproducedin在......生产7.beusedfor被用于......8.asfarasIknow据我所知9.pickbyhand手工采摘10.turn...into把......变成......11.nomatter不论,不管怎样12.allover(around)theworld全世界13.eventhough即使14.avoiddoingsth避免做某事15.everydaythings日常用品16.findout查明;弄清(found)17.goonavacation去度假(went,gone)18.papercutting剪纸19.suchas例如20.sendfor发送;派人去请21.sendout发出;放出;发送(sent)22.becoveredwith被......覆盖23.riseinto上升到;升入(rose,risen)24.puton张贴(put)25.assymbolsof作为......的象征26.fairytale童话故事apairofscissors一把刀heavy/much/littletraffic(U)27.allover(around)theworld全世界28.accordingto根据，依据29.ataveryhighheat在高温下30.introuble处在困境下31.differentkindsof不同种类的32.inallpartsoftheworld在世界各地33.heat/hotFrance/FrenchGermany/German(s)produce/productleaf/leaveslive/lively/living/alive/life(lives)nation/national/internationalits/it‟s二．重点语法1.辨析：bemadeof由...制作/制造(材料)：在成品中能看出原材料bemadefrom由...制造/制成(材料)：在成品中看不出原材料bemadein在...制作/制造(产地)MadeinChina.中国制造例：Thedeskismadeofwood.Thepaperismadefromwood.中小学最新教育资料中小学最新教育资料ThiskindofplaneismadeinChina.2.befamousfor以...闻名;为人知晓beknownfor因...而闻名befamousas作为...而闻名beknownas作为...而闻名例：Jingdezhenisfamousforchina.Chinaisfamousforitstourism.MoYanisveryfamousasawriter.3.allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事allowdoingsthbeallowedtodosth例：Pleaseallowmetocomein.－Mybossdoesn'tallowmetousethetelephone.Wewerenotallowedtotalkinclass.Theyallowedsmokinginthisroomonly.注意：allow只可搭配动名词短语作宾语，不可直接搭用动词不定式作宾补，即只可说allowdoingsth，不可说allowtodosth.4.一般现在时的被动语态（见P155页）结构：am/is/are+过去分词三、语法①英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Catseatfish.（主动语态）猫吃鱼。Fishiseatenbycats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。②被动语态的构成：由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词Englishisspokeninmanycountries.一般过去时was/were+过去分词Thisbridgewasbuiltin1989.情态动词can/should/may/must/……+be+过去分词Theworkmustbedonerightnow.③被动语态的用法：当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。被动语态（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时：will／shallbe＋spoken现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋spoken过去进行时：was/werebeing＋spoken现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋spoken过去完成时：hadbeen+spoken（三）被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）Heisoftenaskedtosingsongs.经常有人叫他唱歌。中小学最新教育资料中小学最新教育资料（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.→Atreewascutdownbyhim.（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成例如：Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.（六）特殊情况1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.→Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.→IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.→（1）AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.→（2）PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.三、作文Lanternshavebeenaroundforabout1800years.Theywerefirstusedforlightingintheolddays.Today,theyareusedatfestivalsandothercelebrations.Chinesepeoplelovelanternsverymuchbecausethey’resymbolsofgoodluckandfamilyreunion.FromSpringFestivaltoLanternFestival,lanternsarehungupeverywhere.Lanternswereusuallymadeofbambooandpaperintheolddays.Nowtheyaremadeofmanykindsofmaterials,suchassteel,silk,cloth,plasticandsoon.TheyaremadeallaroundChina.Lanternsaremadeintheshapeofdifferentanimals,vegetables,fruitsandmanyotherthings