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I毕业设计论文姓名：冯琦学号：1009310217学院：电气工程学院专业：电气工程及其自动化题目：超级电容器储能平抑风电场功率波动的仿真研究指导教师：李卫国2014年6月东北电力大学本科毕业设计论文I摘要随着全球能源和环境问题的日益突出，风能作为一种清洁的可再生能源，其全球蕴藏量极为丰富，大力发展风力发电可以改善世界能源供给结构，缓解全球能源紧张和环境污染等问题，为人类社会的可持续发展做出重要贡献。然而，随着并网风电场规模的不断增大，风电功率的随机性和波动性对电力系统的影响越来越明显。大规模风电并网后对电网安全性、稳定性以及调度带来很大的影响，如果这些问题得不到有效的解决，不仅会危及到电网的安全稳定运行，而且会制约风力发电大规模的发展。本文以平抑并网风电场输出功率波动，减小风电场并网对电力系统不利影响为目的，提出了一种以超级电容储能技术为基础，分布配置储能系统的新型风力发电系统方案，对风电场输出功率波动平抑策略，储能原理及储能元件参数进行研究。首先，根据风电场输出功率特性和储能技术特点，选出采用超级电容器储能，继而提出一种以平均功率为参考的双向变流器控制策略。然后根据超级电容器的原理进行仿真，找出了电容器时间常数与平抑效果和储能容量之间的关系，结合文中的输出功率波形，确定了最优时间常数，并验证了超级电容器储能对于平抑功率波动具有显著的作用效果。关键词风力发电；功率波动；超级电容储能；控制策略东北电力大学本科毕业设计论文IIAbstractWiththeglobalenergyandenvironmentissueshavebecomeincreasinglyprominent,windpowerasaclean&renewableenergy,itsglobalreservesisextremelyrich,windpowercanimprovethestructureofworld'senergysupplyandeasetheglobalenergyshortageandenvironmentalpollutionproblems,makeanimportantcontributiontothesustainabledevelopmentofhumansociety.However,withincreasingscaleofgrid-connectedwindfarms,theeffectofwindpowerrandomnessandvolatilitytopowersystembecomemoreandmoreobviously.Large-scalewindpowerbringagreatimpactongridsecurity,stabilityanddispatch,iftheseproblemscannoteffectivelyaddressed,itwillnotonlyendangerthesafeandstableoperationofthegrid,butalsolimitlarge-scalewindpowerdevelopments.Tostabilizethegrid-connectedwindfarmoutputpowerfluctuations,reducetheadverseeffectstopowersystem.Thispaperpurposesanewwindpowergenerationsystembasedondouble-fedwindpowergenerationandcentralizedconfigurationenergystoragesystem.Thestrategyofstabilizingwindoutputpowerfluctuations,Theenergystorageprincipleandtheenergystoragecomponentparameterswerestudied.Firstofall,basedonthecharacteristicsofwindpoweroutputcharacteristicsandenergystoragetechnology,selectedusingthesupercapacitorenergystorage,andthenputforwardakindofaveragepowerasthereferenceofthebidirectionalconvertercontrolstrategy.Thenaccordingtotheprincipleofthesupercapacitoraresimulated,foundthatthecapacitortimeconstantandsmootheffectandtherelationshipbetweentheenergystoragecapacity,Combinedwiththetextoftheoutputwaveform,determinetheoptimaltimeconstant,andverifythesupercapacitorenergystoragehassignificanteffecttorestrainthepowerfluctuations.Keywords:Windpowergeneration;Powerfluctuations;Supercapacitorenergystorage;Thecontrolstrategy东北电力大学本科毕业设计论文III目录摘要.............................................................IAbstract.........................................................II第1章绪论.....................................................11.1课题背景及意义.............................................................................................11.2课题研究现状..................................................21.2.1利用储能系统增强风电并网稳定性.......................................................21.2.2利用储能系统提高电能质量......................................................................31.3本文的研究内容................................................3第2章双馈风力发电机和储能系统...................................52.1风力发电系统的基本运行方式.....................................52.1.1变速恒频发电技术.....................................................................................62.1.2双馈异步风力发电机原理及其特点..........................................................62.1.3双馈风力发电机功率输出曲线.................................................................72.2储能系统.......................................................82.2.1储能技术简介.............................................................................................82.2.2储能技术在风电场的应用.......................................................................112.2.3适用于风力发电储能的技术及特点.......................................................122.3本章小结......................................................12第3章风电场储能系统配置方式....................................143.1配置方式分类..................................................143.2分布式储能方式................................................153.2.1双向直流变换器控制模型.......................................................................153.2.2双向直流变换器平均功率控制策略.......................................................17第4章超级电容器储能原理及建模..................................194.1风力机建模....................................................194.1.1风速数学模型...........................................................................................194.2超级电容器平抑功率波动模型....................................204.2.1风电功率波动平抑目标...........................................................................204.2.2超级电容器模型及平抑方法...................................................................204.3本章小结......................................................22第5章超级电容器在风力发电中的应用仿真..........................245.1仿真内容概述..................................................245.2Matlab仿真软件的概述.........................................245.2.1Matlab及Simulink的仿真基础............................................................255.2.2Simulink在电力系统的建模与仿真应用..............................................265.3双向直流变换器的simulink仿真.................................265.3.1boost升压电路仿真分析........................................................................265.3.2buck降压电路