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摘要随着天然气的大量使用,每一座居民大楼都被天然气所“笼罩”。天然气的普及给公共生活带来了方便,减少了城市的污染,提高了生活质量和效率,但是同时,天然气也是潜在的“危险品”,一旦发生大面积泄漏,处置不及时就可能引发大爆炸,给居民的生命财产安全带来巨大的威胁。面对燃气泄漏而造成的种种事故威胁，我们需要一个解决办法。使用天燃气报警器是对付燃气无形杀手的重要手段之一。本论文以半导体气敏传感器和单片机技术为核心设计的气体报警器可实现声光报警功能，是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的气体报警器，具有一定的实用价值。其中选用MQ-2传感器实现对气体的检测，具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干扰能力强等优点，而且价格低廉，使用寿命长。其与ADC0808转换器连接，将气体信号转换成单片机可识别的数字信号，经AT89C51单片机处理，并对处理后的数据进行分析，是否大于或等于某个预设值(也就是报警限)，如果大于则会自动启动报警电路发出报警声音，反之则为正常状态关键词：传感器报警器单片机AbstractWiththewideuseofnaturalgas,eacharesidentialtowersweregasenveloped.Thepopularityofnaturalgastopubliclifebroughtconvenient,reducethecity'spollutionandimprovethelifequalityandefficiency,butatthesametime,naturalgasisalsopotentialdangerous,onceproducelargeleak,disposalnottimelycouldtrigger,thebigbangtopeople'slifeandpropertysafetybroughtgreatthreat.Facingthegasleakallkindsofaccidentscausedbythreats,weneedasolution.Useofnaturalgasalarmisdealwithgasinvisiblekilleroneoftheimportantmeans.Thispaperstothesemiconductorgassensorsandsinglechipmicrocomputerasthecoredesigncanrealizethegasalarmsound-lightalarmfunctions,isakindofsimplestructure,stableperformance,easytouse,inexpensiveandintelligentgasalarm,hascertainpracticalvalue.AmongthemchooseMQ-2ofgasdetectionsensorrealize,hasahighsensitivity,fastresponse,stronganti-jammingcapabilityetc,andthepriceislow,servicelifelong.ADC0808convertersconnectedwiththegassignal,convertmicrocontrollercanidentifythedigitalsignalprocessing,byAT89C51forprocessingthedataandanalysis,whetherisequaltoorgreaterthantheadefaultvalue(thatis,thealarmlimit),ifwillautomaticallystartalarmcircuitwarningvoice,converselyfornormalstateKeywords:sensoralarmMCS目录第1章绪论.................................................................................................................11.1家庭燃气泄漏报警的概述.................................................................................11.2家庭燃气泄漏报警的现状.................................................................................11.3家庭燃气泄漏报警的发展趋势.........................................................................21.4燃气泄漏报警研究意义与目的.........................................................................21.5设计任务.............................................................................................................2第2章天燃气泄漏报警系统的方案设计.................................................................12.1天燃气报警系统的设计思路..............................................................................12.2气体传感器的选型.............................................................................................12.2.1气体传感器介绍............................................................................................12.2.2气体传感器的选定........................................................................................52.3天燃气泄露报警系统的整体设计方案.............................................................62.3.1天燃气泄露报警器工作原理........................................................................62.3.2天燃气泄露报警器的结构............................................................................62.3.3气体检测报警器的功能................................................................................7第3章天燃气泄漏报警系统的硬件部分设计.........................................................83.1主控电路的设计.................................................................................................83.1.1半导体气敏传感器简介................................................................................83.1.2单片机的选择..............................................................................................113.1.3AT89C51单片机的基本结构.....................................................................133.1.4AT89C51单片机的引脚.............................................................................143.1.5AT89C51单片机的时钟电路.....................................................................163.1.6AT89C51单片机的复位电路.....................................................................173.2外围接口电路的设计.......................................................................................193.2.1ADC0808转换器的介绍............................................................................193.2.2ADC0808转换器和AT89C51单片机的接口电路...................................203.2.3声音报警电路.............................................................................................213.2.4灯光报警电路.............................................................................................223.3总电路设计.......................................................................................................23第4章燃气泄漏报警系统的软件部分设计...........................................................264.1主程序设计流程与编程...................................................................................264.1.1主程序设计流程图.....................................................................................264.1.2主程序的编程.............................................................................................274.2程序调试...........................................................................................................294.2.1程序调试的步骤.......................................................