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IPA-InternationalPhoneticAlphabet国际音标音素和音标1.什么是音素：字母在单词中的发音2.音素的分类：元音和辅音（相当于拼音中的韵母和声母）3.音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4.什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5.什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界上主要语言的语音。国际音标｛元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/,/I/,/e/,/æ//ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ//u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ://eI/,/aI/,/ɔI/,/Iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ/,/aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,辅音爆破音磨檫音鼻音半元音舌边音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/θ/,/ð/,/ʃ/,/ʒ/,/h/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/ŋ//l//w/,/j//tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/,/tʃ/,/ʤ/,破擦音区别字母和音标英文字母：26个元音字母：5个：AEIOU辅音字母：21个音标：48个元音音标（元音）：20个辅音音标（辅音）：28个48个音标________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/i://I//e//æ/单元音/i:/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，嘴角向两边张开，流露出微笑的表情，适当拉长发音。与字母E发音相同。注意:是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。发音组合:eeeeaieei/i:/Eheshemeweseebeefweekmeetfeelgreentreethreefifteeneatpleaseeasyteacherbelieveachievereceive.单元音/I/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，嘴型扁平注意：嘴巴比/i:/大，发音比/i:/短发音组合:ie/I/bigpinkpigthingmorningeveningshiphillthinkerasereleven单元音/e/嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。发音组合:eeaa/e/eggelephantpenbedtenyeshelpheadbreadbreakfastmarryanyman单元音/æ/舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形。是所有音标里面嘴巴咧的最宽的一个，同时嘴巴也要张大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。发音组合:a/æ/amapplebatbagdadfatmapmathhappyjacketthankthat前元音发音规律/i:/→/I/→/e/→/æ/舌尖抵下齿舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低牙床张开的程度逐渐加大________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/ɜ://ə//Λ/单元音/ɜ:/舌中部稍抬起，舌尖微抵下齿，双唇扁平，发音较长。发音组合：irerorur/ɜ:/girlbirdfirstthirdshirtskirthertermworkwormturnpurpleThursdayhamburger单元音/ə/双唇扁平，舌尖微抵下齿，口张开比/ɜ:/略大单词音标中最多的一个发音组合：aooreruur/ə/aboutagainChinasaladsofabananacarrotsecondtomatofavoritecolordoctormotherfatherbrothersister/ə/dinnernumberunderAugustSaturday单元音/ʌ/舌头后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触及下齿。双唇向两旁平伸。发音组合：uo/ʌ/butcupfunrunjumplunchmuchnumberuncleumbrellacomelovesonbrothermotherMonday________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/ɑ://ɔ://ɒ//u://ʊ/单元音/ɑ:/长元音。口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿，下巴收低一点，轻松发音。与汉语“啊”发音有点像。发音组合：aar/ɑ:/afterasklastclassbasketballfatherartcarstarcardpartyMarchgardenguitar元音/ɔ:/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩.双唇也收的更圆更小发音组合：alor/ɔ:/allballcallsmalltalkwalkshortsportmorning元音/ɒ/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩。发音组合：ao/ɒ/watchwhatwantorangeboxjobdogshopclock元音/u:/长元音，嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圆，并且向外突出。与汉语中的“呜”音很像。发音组合：oouou/u:/zootoofoodroomcoolpoolschoolblueJunerulergroup单元音/ʊ/短元音，嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些。舌头后部略向上抬起，发短促音即可。发音组合：oouou/ʊ/goodbooklookfootpushpullfullshould你还记得前面出现过哪些单元音吗?/ɜ://ə//ʌ//i://I//e//æ//ɑ://ɔ://ɒ//u://ʊ/________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/eI//aI//ɔI/双元音/eI//e/重读，/I/轻读，口形由半开到合，与字母A发音相同发音组合：eiaaiay/eI/Alakefacecakewaitraindaysayplaymay双元音/aI/口形由开到合，牙齿由全开过度到全闭。发音组合：yiuy/aI/IlikeMikebikeniceninekitewritewhitebicyclebuyguy/ɔI/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合，牙齿从全开到逐渐闭合，注意连贯性。发音组合：oyoi/ɔI/boytoynoisecoin________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/ǝʊ//aʊ/双元音/ǝʊ/口形由半开到小，与字母o的发音相同。前面的音清楚而较长，后面的音圆唇，发音模糊而较短发音组合：oowoa/ǝʊ/ooldnogosophotothosesofalowcoatboat双元音/aʊ//a/重读，/ʊ/轻读，口形由大到小。发音组合：ouow/aʊ/hownowbrownfoundsoundhousemousemouth________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/Iə//eə//ʊə/双元音/Iǝ/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇始终半开。发音组合：eerearere/Iǝ/beerdeereardearfearnearhearhere双元音/eǝ/前重后轻，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开。发音组合：airearareere/eǝ/hairchairpearwearbaretherewhere双元音/ʊǝ/前重后轻，嘴唇由收圆到半开，口形由合到开，双唇由圆到扁平。发音组合：oorureour/ʊǝ/tourpoorsure那么你能说出所有的双元音吗?/eI//aI//ɔI//aʊ//ǝʊ//Iǝ//eǝ//ʊǝ/______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/Iǝ//eǝ//ʊǝ//eI//aI//ɔI//əʊ//aʊ/双元音doublevowels(8个)如需BBC录制的每个音标的发音视频，pleaseaddmywechat:xtyvip987