21IEEE802151Bluetooth

BluetoothTechnologyBluetoothBluetooth--22Agenda„BluetoothOverview„BluetoothRadio„BluetoothBaseband„HostControlInterface(HCI)„L2CAP„ServiceDiscoveryProtocol„BluetoothProfileBluetoothBluetooth--33BluetoothOverviewBluetoothBluetooth--44What’sBluetooth?„HaraldBlaatand“Bluetooth”II„KingofDenmark940-981‰SonofGormtheOld(KingofDenmark)andThyraDanebod(daughterofKingEthelredofEngland)‰HaraldcontrolledDenmarkandNorway‰Haraldthinks“notebooks”and“cellularphones”shouldseamlesslycommunicateBluetoothBluetooth--55„1997-DesignedbyEricsson„1998.2-EstablishedtheSpecialinterestgroup(formSIG1)‰Ericsson,Nokia,IBM,Toshiba,Intel„1998.5-BluetoothConsortiumisestablishedformally„1999.7-Bluetoothv1.0„2002-IEEE802.15.1„2004-Bluetoothv2.0„2005.6-RevisionofIEEE802.15.1-2002BluetoothHistoryBluetoothBluetooth--66PersonalAd-hocNetworksCableReplacementLandlineData/VoiceAccessPoints(internetaccess)voiceapplicationismostimportantBluetoothMajorApplicationsBluetoothBluetooth--77UsageModel(InternetBridge)„Mobilebrowsingintheroom(onsofa)orintheofficeBluetoothBluetooth--88UsageModel(UltimateHeadset)„KeepyourhandsfreeBluetoothBluetooth--99UsageModel(Synchronizer)„Backgroundsynchronization‰PDA‰Cellularphone‰NotebookBluetoothBluetooth--1010UsageModel(WirelessWorkspace)„WirelesslyconnectedcomputerperipheralsBluetoothBluetooth--1111„ConferenceTable‰ShareandexchangedataintheclassroomUsageModel(ConferenceTable)BluetoothBluetooth--1212UsageModel(ThreeinOnePhone)„Onephonethreefunctions‰Intercom‰Coreless‰CellularBluetoothBluetooth--1313BluetoothProducts•Blue-Dongle•Blue-Connect•BluePort•Bluetoothprinter•BluetoothmodemBluetoothBluetooth--1414KeyCharacteristics„Lowcost‰Marketconsiderations„Lowpowerconsumption‰Portabledeviceconsideration‰ShortRange„Unlicensedused‰ISMbandused„Robustoperation‰Fastfrequencyhopping‰Shortpacketlength„Multiplelinks„Mixedvoiceanddata„Sized0.5squireinchesBluetoothBluetooth--1515BluetoothProtocolStack(SinglechipwithRS-232,USBorPCcardinterface)RFBasebandAudioLinkManagerL2CAPDataSDPRFCOMMIPControlApplicationsBluetoothchipFirmwareApplicationsBluetoothBluetooth--1616BluetoothSpecifications„2.4GHzISMUnlicensedband„FrequencyHoppingSpreadSpectrum(FHSS)‰Interferenceavoidance‰23/79channels‰1MHzperchannel‰1Mbpslinkrate(GFSKmodulation)‰Fastfrequencyhoppingandshortdatapacketsavoidinterference„Nominallyhopsat1600timesasecond(625usperhop)‰2.5hops/secinIEEE802.11„3200timesasecondduringinquiryandpagingmodesBluetoothBluetooth--1717MMSSSSPsbsbPPNetworkTopology„RadioDesignation‰Connectedradioscanbemasterorslave‰Radiosaresymmetric(sameradiocanbemasterorslave)BluetoothBluetooth--1818NetworkTopology(cont’d)„Piconet‰Mastercanconnectto7simultaneousor200+activeslavesperpiconet‰Eachpiconethasmaximumcapacity(1Mspsand1Mbps)„Uniquehoppingpattern/ID„Scatternet‰Highcapacitysystem„Minimalimpactwithupto10piconetswithinrange‰Radioscansharepiconets!BluetoothBluetooth--1919Piconetvs.Scatternet„AscatternetcontainstwopiconetsScatternetPiconetPiconetMasterSlaveSlaveSlaveSlaveSlaveMasterBluetoothBluetooth--2020Piconetvs.Scatternet(cont’d)point-to-point(piconet)multi-point(piconet)scatternetMasterhostSlavehostBluetoothBluetooth--2121BluetoothRadioBluetoothBluetooth--2222ISMUnlicensedBand2.4GHz2.402GuardbandGuardband2.482.48352.402-2.480GHz79hoppingchannelsISMunlicensedbandLicensedband79channelsin2.4GHz(inUSAandmostEurope)LicensedbandBluetoothBluetooth--2323TransmitPowerN/A1mW(0dBm)30.25mW(-6dBm)2.5mW(4dBm)21mW(0dB)100mW(20dBm)1MinOutputMaxOutputPowerClass¾Power1mW(class3)•3%powerofcellularphone•10metersoftransmissiondistanceor100mbyPA¾Power100mW(class1)•100metersoftransmissiondistance„Transmitpowerandrange‰0dbm(upto20dbmwithpowercontrol)‰10-100mBluetoothBluetooth--2424FrequencyHoppingTimeFrequency078BluetoothBluetooth--2525FHSSDataSourceHoppingCodeGenerator+d(t)DigitalModulatorFrequencysynthesizerFront-endFilter+FrequencysynthesizerDataDetectord(t)^LocalhoppingcodegeneratorReceiverTransmitterBluetoothBluetooth--2626ClockSynchronizationsamehoppingsequence3,56,7,23,44,…MasterBD_ADDRSlaveNativeCLK+offsetMasterclockBD_ADDR„CLKN(NativeClock)‰Existineachbluetoothdevice‰Thecountercannotbefrozenandadjusted‰Clockresolution:312.5us(halfslottime:usedforpaging/inquiryprocedures)‰slavefollowsitsmasterCLKNtohopinapiconet„MasterneedinformtheslaveitsCLKNandBD_ADDR„SlaveaddsoffsetintoitsCLKNtosynchronizewithmasterBluetoothBluetooth--2727ClockSynchronization(cont’d)estimatedslave’shoppingsequence3,56,7,23,44,…SlaveBD_ADDRMasterCLKN+SlaveclockBD_ADDRpagingSlaveCLKEoffset„CLKE(EstimatedClock)‰Isusedwhenmasterpagesaknownslavedevice(hasbeeninquired)‰Masterusestheslave’sBD_ADDRtoestimatetheslave’sCLKNBluetoothBluetooth--2828ModulationandSymbolRate„SymbolRate:1Msymbols/sec(1MHz)„GFSK(GaussianFrequencyShiftKeying)‰BinaryOne(1):Positivefrequencydeviation‰BinaryZero(0):Negativefrequencydeviation„Maximumfrequencydeviation‰Between140kHzand175kHzfofo+Δffo-ΔfFrequencyMagnitudeBluetoothBluetooth--2929AdaptiveFrequencyHopping„Whennointerferenceisdetected,hopovertheentirefrequencyband„Ifinterferenceisdetectedat