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IELTSWritingGandalf词义词性同义词人们n.people,thepublic,individuals,citizens年轻人n.theyoung,juvenile,youth老年人n.theold,theelderly,seniorcitizens,theaged员工n.workers,employees,staff,clerks竞争对手n.rival,competitor,opponent,adversary,contender特点，特征n.trait,feature,attribute,characteristic,quality结果，后果n.outcome,result,consequence缺乏，缺少n.lack,shortage,insufficiency标准，基准n.benchmark,standard,criteria大量的adj.alotof,enormous,plentyof可行的，可操作的adj.practical,feasible,workable,usable重要的adj.important,essential,crucial,critical,key,pivotal产生，造成vt.produce,generate,create,trigger,pose,engender解决，处理vt.solve,resolve,settle,tackle,handle,dealwith,copewith使用，利用vt.use,utilize,employ,exploit,harness支持，资助vt.support,sponsor,backup,subsidize,finance提高，推动，加强vt.improve,promote,enhance,strengthen,facilitate,boost改变，转变vt.change,shift,alter,transform,convert重视，强调vt.highlight,emphasize,underline,underscore,pay/drawattentionto忽视，轻视vt.ignore,neglect,overlook,underestimate雅思写作笔记汇总Part1LexicalResources•常用同义词替换高端大气上档次的词汇•高端名词•dilemman.进退两难的局面•strategyn.策略•infrastructuren.基础设施•mindsetn.思维模式•compromisen.妥协，折中•paradoxn.自相矛盾的观点•synergyn.协同效应，增效作用•inequalityn.不平等，不公平•hierarchyn.层级，等级•democracyn.民主，民主精神高端动词•collaboratevi.协作，合作•manipulatevt.熟练地操作，巧妙地处理，利用•optimizevt.使最优化•withstandvt.抵挡，经受住•compensatev.补偿，赔偿•underminev.破坏，逐渐损坏，暗中破坏，削弱•jeopardizev.使受危险，危害•deterioratev.（使）恶化•impedev.妨碍，阻止•exaggeratev.夸大，夸张•高端形容词•prosperousadj.繁荣的•sustainableadj.可持续的，可维持的•optimisticadj.乐观的•potentialadj.潜在的，可能的•inevitableadj.不可避免的，必然的•sophisticatedadj.老于世故的；复杂的，精致的，深奥微妙的•plausibleadj.看似有道理的，看起来或表面上正确的•detrimentaladj.有害的•demandingadj.过分要求的，费力的，费神的•overwhelmingadj.势不可挡的，不可抗拒的•••带连字符的高端合成词•win-winadj.双赢的•cost-effectiveadj.节省成本的，划算的•eco-friendlyadj.对生态环境友好的，环保的•multi-culturaladj.多元文化的•eye-catchingadj.引人注目的•market-orientedadj.以市场为导向的•thought-provokingadj.引起思考的，发人深省的•state-of-the-artadj.最新型的，最尖端的•know-hown.专门技能，实践知识•self-esteemn.自尊名词动化•harborn.海港，港口v.持有或怀有•Weshouldn’tharborprejudiceorsuspiciontocultureswedon’tunderstand.•我们不应对我们不了解的文化抱有偏见和怀疑。••pooln.池子，池塘v.汇聚•Onlybypoolingtheirresourcescangovernmentshopetoovercomeglobalwarming.•只有汇集它们的资源，政府才能有希望战胜全球变暖。••mirrorn.镜子v.反映•Manyoftoday’ssocialproblemsarenotnewbutmirrorsimilardilemmasfromthepast.•当今社会的许多问题不是新的，而是映射了过去相似的困境。••maskn.面具v.掩饰•Hightestscoresmaskmanystudents’inabilitytocommunicateeffectivelyinasecondlanguage.•考试中的高分掩饰了许多学生并不具有用第二语言有效交流的能力。••hingen.铰链，合页，枢纽v.取决于•Humanity’sabilitytoachieveinternationalpeacehingesonourabilitytofindcommonground.•人类达成国际和平的能力取决于我们发现共同点的能力。•bridgen.桥v.架桥，使连接•Governmentsmustimprovesocialwelfareinordertobridgethegapbetweenrichandpoor.•为了缩小贫富差距，政府必须改善社会福利。••shapen.形状vt.塑造•Universityeducationshouldshapethemindandbroadenhorizons.•大学教育应当塑造思想，开阔眼界。••tailorn.裁缝v.使适合，定制•Eachcountryneedstotailorasolutionwhichmeetstheirownparticularsituation.•每个国家需要量体裁衣地定制出满足它们各自国情的解决方法。••harnessn.马具v.利用•Byharnessingsolarandwindenergy,wecanhelpoursocietiesbecomemore“green”.•通过利用太阳能和风能，我们能让社会更加环保。•curbn.勒马索v.控制，约束•Inordertocurbstudents’appetiteforcomputergames,parentsandschoolsshouldcomeupwithhealthyalternatives.•为了抑制学生对电脑游戏的热衷，父母和学校应该提供健康的替代方案。炫耀级词汇–拉丁词汇•viceversaadv.反之亦然•Languageinfluencescultureandviceversa.•语言影响文化，文化又反过来影响语言。••perseadv.本身，自身•Thatdoesnotmeanthatwatchingtelevision,perse,isproblematic.•这并不代表看电视的行为本身有问题。••defactoadj.实际上，事实上•Englishisdefactointernationallanguage,andpeoplewithgoodEnglishskillscancommunicatewiththeworld.•英语实际上是一种国际语言，掌握良好英语技能的人能和世界沟通。••statusquon.现状•Lessindustriouspeoplearemerelycontentwiththestatusquo.•比较懒惰的人仅仅满足于现状。••percapitaadj.人均，每人•Increasedpercapitalincomecreatedformanyfamiliestheoptionoflivinginaruralareaandworkinginacity.•人均收入的增加为许多家庭创造了住在农村而在城市工作的选择。词组•10个6分动词词组•solvetheproblem解决问题•Whoevercreatedthisproblemshouldsolveit.•解铃还需系铃人。•灵活运用：•create/pose/causetheproblem造成问题•address/fix/tackle/copewith/dealwiththeproblem解决问题••haveaneffect/influence/impactonsth.对某事产生影响•Thepopularityofmobilephoneshasagreateffectonpeople’sdailylife.•手机的普及对人们的日常生活产生了重大影响。•灵活运用：•havenegative/positiveeffects/impactson产生正面（负面）影响•haveaseriousimpacton严重影响到•haveadirectimpacton直接影响到•havethegreatestimpacton产生最大的影响•playaroleinsth.在某事上起作用•Universitiesplayaroleintrainingpeoplefortheworkforce.•大学起到为职场培养人才的作用。•灵活应用：•playacritical/keyroleinsth.起到关键作用•haveanimportantroletoplay要起到重要作用••beresponsibleforsth.对某事承担责任•Thegovernmentshouldberesponsibleforpreservingculturalheritages.•政府应该对保护文化遗产负责。•灵活应用：•havearesponsibilitytodosth.有责任去做某事•doone’sparttodosth.尽某人的职责去做某事•spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花时间（金钱）在做某事上•Nowadays,wespendtoomuchtime(in)commutingtoworkeveryday.•现在我们每天花大量的时间在通勤上。•灵活应用：•spendtime/moneyonsth.花时间（金钱）在某事上•spendmoretimewithfamilies有更多的时间和家人在一起••payattentiontosth.关注重视某事•Peoplebegintopayattentiontothehighunemployment.•人们开始关注高失业率。•灵活应用：•paymoreattentiontosth.更多地关注某事•lay/placeemphasisonsth.强调某事•focusonsth.关注强调某事•makecontributionstosth.为某事做出贡献•Museumsmakecontributionstoexhibition,preservationandresearchofancientarts.•博物馆对古代艺术的展出、保存和研究做出了贡献。•灵活应用：•makeagreatcontributiontosociety对社会作出巨大贡献•contributetosth.有助于某事••benefitfromsth.从某事中受益•Peoplecanbenefitfr