人体肠道菌群在免疫性疾病中的作用和机制

201644174、。。150。[1]。、[2]。。1、[3]。。。、。[4]。。IgA。。、··300060、。、。。R446.6A1003-5052201604-031-03DOI:10.16286/[e-mail]anintestinalflorainimmunediseasesZHUYu,YANGPingDepartmentofClinicalLaboratory,TianjinHuanhuHospital,Tianjin300060,ChinaAbstract:Therewerehundredsoftypesofgutmicrobiotainhumanintestines,effectingdigestion,nutritionandimmunologicalfunctions.Thedisturbanceofhumanintestinesgutmicrobiotacouldinduceimmunodeficiencyintestinaldisease,celiacdiseaseandnon-alcoholicfattyliverdiseaseandtherewouldbereversedabovediseasethroughameliorategutmicrobiotaconstitutionbyreleasingimmunologicalstress.Thispaperreviewedthecorrelationbetweenintestinesgutmicrobiota,immunologicalfunctionanddisease.KeywordsIntestinesgutmicrobiota;Immunologicalsystem;Immunologicaldisease31--201644174、、Toll、Nod-Rig-I。。TBTB。IgAT[5-6]。22.1。50%、、HIV/AIDS[7]。。BBcKO。IgA[8]。2.2TIL-15。[9-10]。。TNF-αIL-10。[11]。2.3。TNF-α[12]。3、。[13]。、[14]。4。[15-16]。。[1]QINJJLIRQRAESJetal.Ahumangutmicrobialgenecata-logueestablishedbymetagenomicsequencing[J].Nature2010464(7285)59-65.[2]ValentinaTFredrikB.Functionalinteractionsbetweenthegutmi-crobiotaandhostmetabolism[J].Nature2012489(7415)242-249.[3]HooperLVLittmanDRMacphersonAJ.Interactionsbetweenthemicrobiotaandtheimmunesystem[J].Science201233660861268-1273.[4]HerbstTSichelstielAScharCetal.Dysregu-lationofallergicair-wayinflammationintheabsenceofmicrobialcolonization[J].AmJRespirCritCareMed20111842198-205.[5]ShulzhenkoNMorgunAHsiaoWetal.Cross-talkbetweenBlym-phocytesmicrobiotaandtheintestinalepitheliumgovernsimmuni-tyversusmetabolisminthegut[J].NatMed201117121585-1593.[6]KupferSSJabriB.Pathophysiologyofceliacdisease[J].GastrointestEndoscClinNAm201222639-660.[7]ShoaieSGhaffariPKovatcheva-DatcharyPetal.QuantifyingDi-et-InducedMetabolicChangesoftheHumanGutMicrobiome[J].CellMetab201522(2)320-331.[8]DiLucciaBCrescenzoRMazzoliAetal.RescueofFructose-In-ducedMetabolicSyndromebyAntibioticsorFaecalTransplantationinaRatModelofObesity[J].PLOSOne201510(8)e0134893.[9]PonomarovaOPatilKR.Metabolicinteractionsinmicrobialcom-32--201644174munitiesuntanglingtheGordianknot[J].CurrOpinMicrobiol20152737-44.[10]RizzelloMDeAngelisFCampanileFCetal.Effectofgastroin-testinalsurgicalmanipulationonmetabolicsyndromeafocusonmetabolicsurgery[J].GastroenterolRes&Parct2012,102012524-531.[11]StienstraRvanDiepenJATackCJetal.Inflammasomeisacentralplayerintheinductionofobesityandinsulinresistance[J].ProcNatlAcadSciUSA20111083715324-15329.[12]MorganXCTickleTLSokolHetal.Dys-functionoftheintestinalmicrobiomeininflammatoryboweldiseaseandtreatment[J].GenomeBiol201213R79.[13]EverardALazarevicVDerrienMetal.Responsesofgutmicrobio-taandglucoseandlipidmetabolismtoprebioticsinge-neticobeseanddiet-inducedleptin-resistantmice[J].Diabetes201160112775-2786.[14].2[J].2015951(21)52-5362.[15]NayfachSBradleyPHWymanSKetal.AutomatedandAccurateEstimationofGeneFamilyAbundancefromShotgunMetagenomes[J].PLOSComputBiol201511(11)e1004573.[16]MikkelsenKHFrostMBahlMIetal.EffectofAntibioticsonGutMicrobiotaGutHormonesandGlucoseMetabolism[J].PLOSOne201510(11)e0142352.··300011、。90％～95％。。。1620。1884。。R656.2A1003-5052201604-033-03DOI:10.16286/[e-mail]ftreatmentofexternalabdominalherniaLIUZhiDepartmentofSurgeryTianjinpreventionandtreatmentcenterforoccupationaldiseases,Tianjin300011,ChinaAbstract:Externalabdomindlherniaisformedbyintroperitoealorgansortissuesandtheparietalperitoneumintheabdominalcavityswelltothesurfacethroughtheabdominalwall.Thisisoneofthecommondiseasesofsurgery.Amongtheseinguinalhernia'sincidenceaccountsforabout90%～95%.Herniarepairsurgeryisthemostcommonandfundamentaloperation.Inhistory,thetreatmentofinguinalherniahasexperiencedalongprocessofdevelopment.FromsixteenthCentury,withtheintroductionoftheconceptofmodernanatomy,theoperationoftheherniabegantothefollowtheanatomicalstructure.Andthroughthecontinuouseffortsofthesurgeon,untilthebeginningofthetwentiethCentury,themodernsurgicaloperationmodeoftheinguinalherniawasestablished.Since1884BassiniNepalcreatedarealanatomicalherniarepair,throughdoctor'seffortsgraduallyestablishedthetensionherniarepairandthetensionfreeherniarepairoperationanddevelopedtothelaparoscopicherniarepairoperation.Allkindsof33--