基于IEC标准的风电机组电能质量检测技术--yxb624

P1基于IEC标准的风电机组电能质量检测技术WindTurbinePowerQualityTestTechnologybasedonIECStandard中国电力科学研究院ChinaElectricPowerResearchInstituteP2内容Content1.中国风电发展现状TheStatusofChinaWindPowerDevelopment2.风电机组电能质量测试PowerQualityMeasurementsofWindTurbine3.可再生能源发电实验室情况介绍IntroductionofRenewableEnergyLabP3„风资源Windresource‹中国风能丰富的地区主要分布在西北、华北和东北的草原或戈壁，以及东部和东南沿海及岛屿。‹InChinaareasrichinwindenergyresourcearemainlyingrasslandorgobiofnorthwest,northandnortheastChina,aswellascoastalareaandislandsineastandsoutheastChina.„电网情况Powergridcondition‹风资源丰富的“三北地区”电网相对薄弱，风电远离负荷中心。‹Powergridisweakin3Nareas,windpowerisfarawayfromloadcenter.中国风资源分布图Windresourcedistribution1中国风电发展现状TheStatusofChinaWindPowerdevelopmentP4„越来越多的大容量风电场（≧100MW）接入220kV甚至更高电压等级的输电网中。‹Morelargescalewindfarms(≧100MW)areconnectedinto220kVorevenhighervoltageleveltransmissionnetwork.„百万千瓦风电基地千万千瓦风电基地‹1000MWwindpowerbase,10GWwindpowerbase„发展特点：建设大基地，接入大电网。‹Characteristics:Constructinglargewindpowerbase,connectingintolargepowergridwithhighervoltagelevel.1中国风电发展现状TheStatusofChinaWindPowerdevelopmentP5大规模风电发展推动风电机组技术进步largescarewindpowerdevelopmentimprovesthetechnologyofwindturbine„电能质量powerquality„低电压穿越Lowvoltageridethrough„常规电源特性PowerPlantbehavior1中国风电发展现状TheStatusofChinaWindPowerdevelopmentP62风电机组电能质量测试PowerQualityMeasurementsofWindTurbine无功功率Reactivepower有功功率Activepower测试标准Teststandard风机重并网时间Reconnectiontime电网保护Gridprotection电流分量Currentcomponents低电压穿越测试LVRTTesting闪变FlickerP7测试标准TeststandardIEC61400-21:2008Measurementandassessmentofpowerqualitycharacteristicsofgridconnectedwindturbines并网风力发电机组电能质量特性测试GB/T20320-2006风力发电机组电能质量测量和评估方法MeasurementandassessmentofpowerqualitycharacteristicsofwindturbinegeneratorsystemP8闪变Flicker闪变的概念DefinitionofFlickerP9闪变Flicker~WEAIWEAΔUZKidealesNetzWEAUmspannwerk,LeitungKraftwerksverbundVerknüpfungs-punktmitmöglichemVerbraucherUVUidealRkLkZVWindturbinePCCSubstationPowerplantconnectionWTIWT虚拟电网阻抗角ψk=arctanRk/XkIEC闪变仪的输入电压虚拟电网FictitiousgridP10闪变系数的测试与评估(连续运行)Themeasurementandassessmentprocedureofflickercoefficient闪变FlickerP11切换操作SwitchingoperationsPitch+variablespeedCurrent-2.4-2.2-2.0-1.8-1.6-1.4-1.2-1.0-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.20.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.4kA203244566880snficknficfickUSSUUUk,min,max,)(⋅−⋅=3ψ电压变动系数:Voltagechangefactor:闪变阶越系数:Flickerstepfactor:31,0,,)(1301pficstnfickkfTPSSk⋅⋅⋅=ψP12电压波动与闪变的测试与评估(切换操作)Themeasurementandassessmentprocedureofflickercoefficient(Switchingoperation)切换操作SwitchingoperationsP13电流谐波谐波harmonics50Hzf2kHz间谐波interharmonics*50Hzf2kHz高频分量higherfrequencycomponents2kHzf9kHz电流分量Currentcomponents电流分量CurrentcomponentsP14谐波Harmonics0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.2%05101520253035404550OrderOrderActivepowercurrents[inkW][%ofIr]2999.60.341227.1061000.8081035.30101035.30121035.30141035.3016911.601823.7020583.60.222988.602423.702632.70281000.80301000.80321035.303473.703673.703880.7040779.3042787.4044960.304673.704873.70501035.30OrderActivepowercurrents[inkW][%ofIr]31205.61.151390.57834.40.9962.301132.70.21332.70.11580.70174030.2194030.9211186.10.1231147.90.225586.90271000.8029321.8031130.603373.703580.703780.703980.7041348.8043948.30451011.6047924.7049958.70MaxTHC1.322ActivePoweratmaxTHC[kW]1384.68P15间谐波和高频分量Inter-harmonicsandHigherfrequencyP16„低电压穿越（LVRT：LowVoltageRideThrough）‹电网故障引起电压跌落，风电场在电网发生故障时及故障后，保持不间断并网运行的能力通常称为风电场的低电压穿越能力。‹Thecapabilityofwindturbinetomaintaincontinuousonlineoperationduringandafterthegridfaultwhichwillcausevoltagedip.低电压穿越测试LVRTTestingP17故障前223MW232kV234kV38Mvar电容器组55MW时间:05:07230kVP18故障后0MW244kV251kV38Mvar电容器组0MW时间:05:07236kV定速机组P19系统调整后0MW235kV237kV38Mvar电容器组0MW控制电压时间:05:13P20风场名称风机型号容量(kW)产地数量(台)同发龙源G58850西班牙117同发华能SL1500/771500大连华瑞67大唐洮南大唐大通G58S778501500西班牙德国5833富裕风电场S50/750FD777501500金风东汽2010查干浩特风场S50/750750金风40低电压穿越测试LVRTTestingP21„由于风电机组不具备低电压穿越能力导致的大范围风电切机情况，在西北电网的甘肃玉门风电场、甘肃安西中广核大梁子风电场、宁夏贺兰山风电场也都发生过。„Whenwindturbinesdon’thaveLVRTcapability,windfarmsmaytripifgridfaultoccurs.Suchcontingencyhasalsohappenedinotherprovincialpowergrids,suchasGansuandNingxia.低电压穿越测试LVRTTestingP22低电压穿越测试LVRTTestingP23中压电网电网侧变压器风机侧变压器电缆低电压穿越设备限制短路电流的电网阻抗模拟电压跌落的短路阻抗电缆机端电压低电压穿越测试LVRTTestingP24低电压穿越测试LVRTTestingCaseMagnitudeofvoltagephasetophase(fractionofvoltageimmediatelybeforethedropoccurs)Magnitudeofpositivevoltage(fractionofvoltageimmediatelybeforethedropoccurs)Duration持续时间(s)Shape波形VD1-symmetricalthree-phasevoltagedropVD1-对称三相电压跌落0.90±0.050.90±0.050.5±0.02VD2-symmetricalthree-phasevoltagedropVD2-对称三相电压跌落0.50±0.050.50±0.050.5±0.02VD3-symmetricalthree-phasevoltagedropVD3-对称三相电压跌落0.20±0.050.20±0.050.2±0.02VD4-two-phasevoltagedropVD4-两相电压跌落0.90±0.050.95±0.050.5±0.02VD5-two-phasevoltagedropVD5-两相电压跌落0.50±0.050.75±0.050.5±0.02VD6-two-phasevoltagedropVD6-两相电压跌落0.20±0.050.60±0.050.2±0.02P25„风电机组从静止状态开始启动Thewindturbineshallbestartedfromstandstill„功率变化率设置为0.1Pn/min,Pn为风机额定功率Theramprateshallbesetto10%ofratedpowerperminute„风电机组并网10min后开始测试Thetestshallbecarriedoutuntil10minafterthewindturbinehasconnectedtothegrid„测试期间风电机组的输出功率至少应达到0.5PnTheavailableactivepoweroutputduringthewholetestshallbeatleast50%ofratedpower„在风电机组机端出口处测量有功功率