6sigmachampion培训教材(3)

SixSigmaChampionTraining1SixSigmaFundamentalsChampionTrainingSixSigmaChampionTraining2TheSixSigmaBreakthroughStrategyhasbecomeaCompetitiveToolAlittlebitofhistory....•SixSigmawasdevelopedbyBillSmith,QMatMotorola•It’simplementationbeganatMotorolain1987•ItallowedMotorolatowinthefirstBaldrigeAwardin1988•SeveralofthemajorcompaniesintheworldhaveadoptedSixSigmasincethen....TexasInstruments,AseaBrownBoveri,AlliedSignal,GeneralElectric,Bombardier,NokiaMobilePhones,LockheedMartin,Sony,Polaroid,Dupont,AmericanExpress,FordMotor,…….SixSigmaChampionTraining3Frequentlyaskedquestions....•WhatisSixSigmaandhowdoesitimpactthebottomline?•WhereandhowdoesSixSigmafitintomybusinessprocess?•WhatkindsofgainscanIexpecttoseeifIadoptSixSigma?•HowlongdoesittaketoseefinancialbenefitsfromSixSigma?•WhatresourcesarerequiredtoimplementSixSigma?•WhatkindofinfrastructureisrequiredtosupportSixSigma?•WhataremyfirstfewstepstogetSixSigmagoing?SixSigmaChampionTraining4WhatisSixSigma•Vision-Developandproduceproducts&servicestoSixSigmaLevels•Strategy-UseadatadrivenstructuredprocesstodriveoutdefectsandimprovetheSigmaLevelofproductsandservices(BreakthroughStrategy)SixSigmaChampionTraining5WhatdoesdoingSixSigmalooklike?•ProjectdefinedinBusinessTerms•CrossFunctionalTeamInvolvement•Measure/Analyze/Improve/Control•ProblemStrategyused•QualitativeToolsused•StatisticalToolsused•SustainedBusinessResultsAchievedSixSigmaChampionTraining6KnowwhatisImportanttotheCustomerandtotheBusinessReduceDefectLevelsby:1.ReducingtheVariation2.CenteringaroundtheTargetLSLUSLLongTermSixSigmaImprovementStrategySixSigmaChampionTraining7InsufficientProcessCapability-Scrap-Rework-Warranty-ExcessInventoryUnstableParts&Materials-Shortages-Defectives-ExcessInventoryInadequateDesignSpecifications-ManufacturingProcesses-SupplierProcesses-AssemblyProcessesPrincipleCausesofVariationSixSigmaChampionTraining8YoucannotrefineasystemunlesstheDefectsareremovedfirstTheBreakthroughStrategyistheCoreofSixSigma•Causesanorganizationtoshiftfocusto:–EliminateDefects(Cost&Yield)–EliminateOpportunities/NonValueAddedSteps–ReduceComplexity–BreakthroughThinkingSixSigmaChampionTraining9LowerSpecLimitUpperSpecLimitNominalTargetDefectsProcessMeanProcessvariationisrepresentedbyOriginofSigmaSixSigmaChampionTraining10TheClassicalViewofPerformancePracticalMeaningof“99%Good”3CapabilityHistoricalStandardLongTermYield93.32%4CapabilityCurrentStandardLongTermYield99.38%6CapabilityLongTermYield99.99966%NewStandard•20,000lostarticlesofmailperhour•Unsafedrinkingwateralmost15minuteseachday•5,000incorrectsurgicaloperationsperweek•2shortorlonglandingsatmajorairportseachday•200,000wrongdrugprescriptionseachyear•Noelectricityforalmost7hourseachmonthSixSigmaChampionTraining11DPMO2308,53769.1%366,80793.3%46,21099.4%523399.97%63.499.99966%DefectsperMillionOpportunitiesProcessCapabilityRTYRolledThroughputYield(LongTerm)•Sigmaisastatisticalunitformeasuringquality.•Itiscorrelatedtothedefectrateandthecomplexityoftheprocess/productSixSigmaisaStandardofExcellence.Itmeansnomorethan3.4DefectsperMillionOpportunitiesSigmaasaMeasureofQualitySixSigmaChampionTraining12Thelong-termdistributionislargerthantheshort-termasaresultofdynamicvariationsintheprocessmeanovertimeNominalShortTermPerformance(st)LongTermPerformance(lt)LSLUSLDynamicMeanLSLUSL(SustainedCapability)LongTerm(SustainedCapability)ShortTermProcessCenteringandCapabilitySixSigmaChampionTraining133SigmaProcessNoMeanShiftCp=Pp=1.0Cpk=Ppk=1.0PPM=2,7503SigmaProcessMeanShiftof1.5SigmaCp=Pp=1.0Cpk=Ppk=0.5PPM=66,3659080706050USLLSL3SigmaProcessPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPpkPPLPPUPpCpmCpkCPLCPUCpStDev(LT)StDev(ST)SampleNMeanLSLTargetUSL2835.101443.531391.573315.821687.401628.424000.002000.002000.000.991.000.991.001.000.980.980.980.985.024925.1074650070.028255.000070.000085.0000ExpectedLTPerformanceExpectedSTPerformanceObservedPerformanceOverall(LT)CapabilityPotential(ST)CapabilityProcessDataSTLT9585756555USLLSL3SigmaProcesswith1.5SigmaShiftPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPpkPPLPPUPpCpmCpkCPLCPUCpStDev(LT)StDev(ST)SampleNMeanLSLTargetUSL62693.5762691.831.7465217.4865215.142.3366000.0066000.000.000.511.550.511.030.560.501.530.501.024.860034.9248050077.551755.000070.000085.0000ExpectedLTPerformanceExpectedSTPerformanceObservedPerformanceOverall(LT)CapabilityPotential(ST)CapabilityProcessDataSTLTSixSigmaChampionTraining14SixSigmaProcessNoMeanShiftCp=Pp=2.0Cpk=Ppk=2.0PPM=0.0SixSigmaProcessMeanShiftof1.5SigmaCp=Pp=2.0Cpk=Ppk=1.5PPM=4.0100908070605040USLLSL6SigmaProcessPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPpkPPLPPUPpCpmCpkCPLCPUCpStDev(LT)StDev(ST)SampleNMeanLSLTargetUSL0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.001.991.991.991.991.991.961.961.961.965.024925.1074650070.02840.00070.000100.000ExpectedLTPerformanceExpectedSTPerformanceObservedPerformanceOverall(LT)CapabilityPotential(ST)CapabilityProcessDataSTLT100908070605040USLLSL6SigmaProcesswith1.5SigmaShiftPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLSLPPMTotalPPMUSLPPMLS