工业工程专业英语Chapter8QualityManagement

Chapter8QualityManagementUnit1QualityStandardsandQualityControlUnit2QualityManagementandQualityCost计划学时：4学时教学内容：4学时，精读，逐句翻译，掌握专业词汇Unit1QualityStandardsandQualityControl(2学时)Unit2QualityManagementandQualityCost(2学时)教学要求：了解质量的概念，以及全面质量管理的相关内容。本章共一次作业（作业10）本章专业词汇opportunity：缺陷机会transaction:业务、交易metrics：度量标准、规律instructor：讲师、教练incentive：鼓励affiliate：隶属于literacy：读写能力checksheet：检查表paretochart：排列图plot:以图的形式表示histogram：直方图dispersion：分散性scatterdiagram：散布图observevalue：观察值causeandeffectdiagram：因果图fishbonediagram：鱼骨图specs：规范、规格morale：士气、纪律reliability:可靠性maintainability：可维护性fitnessforuse：适用性customersatisfaction：顾客满意specification：规范tolerance：容许偏差monetary：货币的、金融的qualityofdesign：设计质量qualityofconformance：符合性质量overengineer：高于工程要求的underengineer：低于工程要求的gauge：计量器technicalcommittee：技术委员会internationalaccreditationforum：国际认证论坛certification：认证registrar:注册人员audit：审计trivial：琐碎的template：模型workshop:车间、研讨会seminar:研讨班demonstrate：示范、说明preliminary：预备的、初级的reproach：责备、谴责forcible：强制的、有说服力的statistic：统计的sixsigmamethodology:6δ法standarddeviation：标准偏差division：部门、分配、分开Unit1QualityStandardsandQualityControl1.DefinitionsofQuality2.QualityinManufacturing3.QualityinService4.ISO9000SeriesStandards5.RulesofCertificationtoQMS6.StepsofCertificationtoQMSUnit1QualityStandardsandQualityControl7.StatisticQualityControl8.DefinitionofSixSigmaMethodology9.KeyElementsofSixSigmaMethodology10.SixSigmainBusiness11.SixSigmainEngineering12.QualityControlTools1.DefinitionsofQualityTheformaldefinitionofquality,standardizedbytheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI)andtheAmericanSocietyforQualityControl(ASQC)in1978isthetotalityoffeaturesandcharacteristicsofaproductorservicethatbearsonitsabilitytosatisfygivenneeds.Completequalityincludesthe2aspects:Fitnessforuseandconformancetospecifications.2.QualityinManufacturingInmanufacturing,qualityisanimportantcomponentofallfunctions.Productdesignersmusttakecaretoneitheroverengineer(resultingininefficientuseofafirm'sresources)norunderengineerproducts(resultinginpoorquality).3.QualityinServiceThemostimportantdimensionsofservicequality:TimeTimelinesCompletenessCourtesyConsistencyAccessibilityandconvenienceAccuracyResponsiveness4.ISO9000SeriesStandardsTheISO9000seriesofqualitymanagementstandardswasdevelopedbytheISOtosetinternationalrequirementsforqualitymanagementsystemsin1979.Theseriescontainsfoursystemstandardsofvaryingcomplexityandcompletenessandtheyare:ISO9001,ISO9002,ISO9003andISO9004.5.RulesofCertificationtoQMSCertificationofaQualityManagementSystem(QMS)tothegenericISO9001:2000standardcanimprovetheabilitytomeetstrategicobjectives.Thefollowingrulesshouldbeobeyed:Makesureyoubegintheprocesswiththerightattitude.Haveacompleteunderstandingoftheconceptsetforthinthestandard,andusethestandardasaguidetemplatetodefineyourmanagementsystem.5.RulesofCertificationtoQMSKnowwhatapplicationandimplicationsofthestandardwillmeantoyourcompany.Usethestandardasatoolforimprovement.Haveanunderstandingoftherisksandprocessesthataffectyourorganization'sabilitytorealizeitsbusinessstrategy.Selectyourpartner(certificationbody/registrar)carefully.6.StepsofCertificationtoQMSObtainastandardReviewliteratureandsoftwareAssembleateamanddefineyourstrategyDeterminetrainingneedsReviewconsultantoptionsDevelopamanagementsystemsmanualDevelopproceduresImplementyourmanagementsystemConsiderapre-assessmentSelectacertificationbody/registrar7.StatisticQualityControlQualitycontrolinvolvesmakingaseriesofplannedmeasurementsinordertodetermineifqualitystandardsarebeingmet.Qualitycontrolactivitymayberequiredattimesorinplaceswheresupervisionandcontrolpersonnelarenotpresent.8.DefinitionofSixSigmaMethodologySixSigmastandsforSixStandardDeviationsfrommean.SixSigmamethodologyprovidesthetechniquesandtoolstoimprovethecapabilityandreducethedefectsinanyprocess.SixSigmausesamethodologyknownasDMAIC(Defineopportunities,Measureperformance,Analyzeopportunity,Improveperformance,Controlperformance)9.KeyElementsofSixSigmaMethodologyThekeyelementsofSixSigmaare:CustomerSatisfactionDefiningProcessesDefiningMetricsandMeasuresforProcessesUsingandUnderstandingDataandSystemsSettingGoalsforImprovementTeamBuildingandInvolvingEmployees10.SixSigmainBusinessBusinessesinvariousindustrysegmentssuchasServicesindustry(Example:CallCenters,Insurance,Financial/InvestmentServices),E-commerceindustry,EducationcandefinitelyuseSixSigmaprinciplestoachievehigherquality.11.SixSigmainEngineeringASixSigmaEngineerdevelopsefficientandcosteffectiveprocessestoimprovethequalityandreducethenumberofdefectspermillionpartsinaManufacturing/Productionenvironment.SixSigmaEngineersdetermineandfinetunemanufacturingprocess.12.QualityControlTools-ChecksheetsFigure8.1Checksheets12.QualityControlTools-ParetoChartFigure8.2ParetoChart12.QualityControlTools-FlowchartFigure8.3PlasticTagProductionFlowchart12.QualityControlTools-C/EDiagramFigure8.4CauseandEffectDiagramforEdgeFlaws12.QualityControlTools-HistogramsFigure8.5Histograms12.QualityContr