初中一般将来时

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一般将来时讲解与练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态句中一般有以下时间状语:tonight,inthefuture,tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天),in+段时间(在...之后)等。二、基本结构:①主语+begoingto+do;②主语+will+do.③主语(只能为I/We)+shall+do三、否定句:在①be动词(am,is,are)后加not;②will后加not成won’t;③shall后加not成shan’t例如:I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句:be或will或shall提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:Wearegoingtogoforawalkthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoforawalkthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who例如:I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.问干什么。What…do.例如:Myfatherisgoingtowatchamatchwithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon?3.问什么时候。When.例如:She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句:begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.七、begoingto和will的区别begoingto和will的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,但它们的用法是有区别的。(1)begoingto主要用于:1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。E.g.Whatareyougoingtodotoday?今天你们打算做什么?DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。I’mgoingtoplaytheviolin.我打算拉小提琴。She’sgoingtoplaythepiano.她打算弹钢琴。2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生。E.g.Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧!乌云密集,天要下雨。IamafraidIamgoingtohaveacold.恐怕我要患重感冒。(2)will主要用于在以下几个方面:1、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。eg:Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去工厂参观。I’llcomewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLing.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六。明天是(将)是星期日。Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。3、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg:Willyoupleaseturnontheradio?请打开收音机好吗?Willyougotothezoowithme?你和我一起去动物园好吗?八、一般将来是特殊用法:1)be+不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。WearetotalkaboutthereportnextSaturday.2)beaboutto+不定式,意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意:beaboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3)有些表趋向性的动词可用想在进行时表将来:例如:go,come,arrive,fly(飞往),reach(到达),stay,leave,start,die...如:I’mgoingtogotothezoothisweenend.=I’mgoingtothezoothisweenend.He’sgoingtoleaveforParis.=He’sleavingforParis.Theoldmanisdying.=Theoldmanwilldie.这个老人要去世。4)要注意“主将从现”这一语法现象:重要连词有:if(如果),assoonas(一....就...),when(当...时候),before,after,until(直到not..until直到...才),unless(=not...if除非)...Ifitrains,wewon’thaveapicnicnextweek.I’lltellyouthenewsassoonasyoucomeback.一般将来时除了使用“shall/will+V…”以外,也可以使用下列的几种句式来表达。1.begoingto+V…(即将会……;打算将……)例A:Itisgoingtorain.Takeanumbrellawithyou.(带一把伞去。看样子就要下雨了。)例B:TheBrownsaregoingtomovetoAustralia.(布朗先生全家打算迁移到澳大利亚去。)2.beaboutto+V(即将……,指紧接着要发生的动作。)例:Let'swaitaminute.Heisabouttoarrive.(我们等一下。他即将会到达。)3.be+V-ing…(定于……,指接近的将来动作。)例:HeisleavingforHongKongtomorrowmorning.(他定于明天早晨到香港去。)4.be+toV(定于……,指预定的将来动作。)例:Sheistobehereat9:00a.m.tomorrow.(她定于明晨九时到达这里。)5.V-(e)s(定于……,指接近的将来动作,但不如第3项主观。)例:HeleavesforHongKongtomorrowmorning.(他定于明天早晨到香港去。——与(3)项的区别在于(3)项的动作是出自主语的决定,(5)项则不一定是出自主语的决定。)常用于修饰一般将来时的时间副词有:tomorrow,tomorrowmorning(afternoon,evening),next+时间(nextnight,nextMonday…,nextweek,month…,nextsummer…,nextyear),in(the)future(将来),soon(不久之后),in+时间(infivedays——再过五天,intwoweeks——再过二星期),etc.练习:一、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I________________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I______________________playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。________yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面?Whattime_______you___________________meet?二、改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancy________goingtogocamping.6.I’llgoandjointhem.(改否定)I_______go______jointhem.7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑问句)_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30?9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)_______________she_________________________afterschool?10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow?三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Todayisasunnyday.We__________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12.Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.13.Tomoften____________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisraining,he______________(go)toschoolbybike.14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand__________(catch)insects?15.It’sFridaytoday.What________she_________(do)thisweekend?She_________(watch)TVand_________(catch)insects(害虫).16.What___________(do)youdoonSundays?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.What______________(do)nextSunday?I______________(milk)cows.17.Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.18.LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundafterschooleveryFriday.19.David______________(give)apaintingshownextMonday.20.I________________(plan)formystudynow.21.We___________(buy)himapenforhisbirthdaynextweek.22.I____________(call)youwhenIgetthere.23.________I_______(begin)toplaycomputergames?24.Ifit______(be)sunnytomorrow,we__________(have)apicnicoutside.25.I___________(tell)himthenewswhenIseehimattheoffice.26.There_______________(notbe)afootballmatchnextmonth.27.---_________he_________(give)atalkon“Worksofart”nextFriday?---No,he_______.He______(visit)thePalaceMuseum.28.Where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