TheTypeIIrestrictionsystemstypicallycontainindividualrestrictionenzymesandmodificationenzymesencodedbyseparategenes.TheTypeIIrestrictionenzymestypicallyrecognizespecificDNAsequencesandcleaveatconstantpositionsatorclosetothatsequencetoproduce5-phosphatesand3-hydroxyls.UsuallytheyrequireMg2+ionsasacofactor,althoughsomehavemoreexoticrequirements.Themethyltransferasesusuallyrecognizethesamesequencealthoughsomearemorepromiscuous.ThreetypesofDNAmethyltransferaseshavebeenfoundaspartofTypeIIR-MsystemsformingeitherC5-methylcytosine,N4-methylcytosineorN6-methyladenine.ApaI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'GGGCC^C3'BamHI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'G^GATCC3'BglII(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'A^GATCT3'EcoRI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'G^AATTC3'HindIII(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'A^AGCTT3'KpnI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'GGTAC^C3'NcoI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'C^CATGG3'NdeI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'CA^TATG3'NheI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'G^CTAGC3'NotI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'GC^GGCCGC3'SacI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'GAGCT^C3'SalI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'G^TCGAC3'SphI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'GCATG^C3'XbaI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'T^CTAGA3'XhoI(类型:TypeIIrestrictionenzyme)识别序列:5'C^TCGAG3'当然,上面总结的这些肯定不全,要查找更多内切酶的识别序列,你还可以选择下面几种方法:1.查你所使用的内切酶的公司的目录或者网站;NEB网站上提供的识别序列图表下载2.用软件如:PrimerPremier5.0或Bioedit等,这些软件均提供了内切酶识别序列的信息;3.推荐到NEB的REBASE数据库去查(网址:)当你设计好引物,添加上了内切酶识别序列,下一步或许是添加保护碱基了,可以参考:NEB公司网站提供的保护碱基参考表下载NEB公司网站上关于设计PCR引物保护碱基的参考双酶切buffer的选择(MBI、罗氏、NEB、Promega、Takara)这里再给大家推荐一种新的不需要连接反应的分子克隆方法,优点包括:①设计引物不必考虑选择什么酶切位点;②不必考虑保护碱基的问题;③不必每次都选择合适的酶来酶切质粒制备载体;④而且不需要DNA连接酶;⑤假阳性几率低(因为没有连接反应这一步,载体自连的问题没有了)。另外,还有一个经济问题:如果一次性制备一批载体(小提一次质粒约80μL),并将之线性化(可双酶切亦可单酶切),然后每次做分子克隆实验时用一点,大约可以做约40次转化,管上一年没问题,呵呵。